| 词条 | 220 Stephania |
| 释义 |
| minorplanet = yes | name = 220 Stephania | background = #D6D6D6 | image = 220Stephania (Lightcurve Inversion).png | image_size = 265 | caption = Lightcurve-based 3D-model of Stephania | discovery_ref = | discoverer = J. Palisa | discovery_site = Vienna Obs. | discovered = 19 May 1881 | mpc_name = (220) Stephania | alt_names = 1925 VE{{·}}1931 FP 1932 UA{{·}}1943 WB 1946 MA{{·}}{{mp|1950 TT|4}} 1961 WB | pronounced = | named_after = Princess Stéphanie [2] {{small|(Belgian royalty)}} | mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small|(inner)}} [3] background [4] | orbit_ref = | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 86.28 yr (31,514 days) | aphelion = 2.9543 AU | perihelion = 1.7443 AU | semimajor = 2.3493 AU | eccentricity = 0.2575 | period = 3.60 yr (1,315 days) | mean_anomaly = 239.16° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2737|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 7.5895° | asc_node = 257.92° | arg_peri = 78.480° | dimensions = 31.04 km {{small|(derived)}}[3] {{val|31.12|1.5}} km[7] {{val|31.738|0.219}} km[8] {{val|31.96|9.77}} km[9] {{val|32.29|0.33}} km[10] {{val|33|2}} km[11] {{val|35.097|0.260}} km[12] {{val|38.46|5.77}} km[13] | rotation = {{val|18.19|}} h{{efn|name=lcdb-CALL-2011}} {{val|18.198|}} h[14] {{val|18.2|0.2}} h[11] {{val|18.21|}} h{{efn|name=lcdb-Koff-2011}} | albedo = {{val|0.03|0.01}}[13] {{val|0.05|0.03}}[9] {{val|0.0571|0.0068}}[12] 0.0607 {{small|(derived)}}[3] {{val|0.069|0.002}}[10] {{val|0.069|0.016}}[8] {{val|0.0726|0.007}}[7] {{val|0.075|0.015}}[11] | spectral_type = Tholen {{=}} XC [3] C [26]{{·}}P [12] | abs_magnitude = 11.00[7][10][12]{{·}}11.10[9]{{·}}11.2[3]{{·}}11.35[13] }}Stephania (minor planet designation: 220 Stephania) is a dark background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately {{convert|32|km|mi|abbr=on|sp=us}} in diameter. It was discovered on 19 May 1881, by Austrian astronomer Johann Palisa at the Vienna Observatory.[35] The C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 18.2 hours.[3] It was named after Princess Stéphanie of Belgium.[2] Classification and orbitStephania is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population, when applying the Hierarchical Clustering Method to its proper orbital elements.[4] It orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 1.7–3.0 AU once every 3 years and 7 months (1,315 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.26 and an inclination of 8° with respect to the ecliptic.Discovery and namingStephania was discovered by Johann Palisa on May 19, 1881, in Vienna.[35] It was the first discovery he made after transferring to the observatory from Pola.[2]The name honours Crown Princess Stéphanie (1864–1945), wife of the heir-apparent Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria. The couple was married the year the asteroid was discovered. It was the first time that a naming commemorated a wedding and was given as a wedding gift.[2] The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 ({{small|H 27}}).[2] Physical characteristicsSpectral typeIn the Tholen classification, this asteroid's spectrum is ambiguous, close to an X-type and somewhat similar to that of a carbonaceous C-type asteroid (CX).[3] A French spectroscopic survey that observed two dozens of these X-types classified by Tholen, determined that Stephania is in fact a carbonaceous C-type asteroid (rather than an X-type).[26] The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) has also characterized it as a primitive P-type asteroid.[3][12] LightcurvesLightcurve data has also been recorded by observers at the Antelope Hill Observatory ({{small|H09}}), which has been designated as an official observatory by the Minor Planet Center.{{efn|name=lcdb-Koff-2011}} Diameter and albedoAccording to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, Stephania measures between 31.12 and 38.46 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a low albedo between 0.03 and 0.075.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0607 and a diameter of 31.04 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.2.[3] Notes{{notelist|refs={{efn|name=lcdb-CALL-2011|1=Anonymous lightcurve –CALL-2011 (web): rotation period {{val|18.19}} hours with a brightness amplitude of {{val|0.25}} mag. Quality code of 2. Summary figures for (220) Stephania at the LCDB}}{{efn|name=lcdb-Koff-2011|1=Lightcurve plot of (220) Stephania by Robert A. Koff (a.k.a William Koff) Antelope Hills Observatory, Colorado {{Obscode|H09}}; Rotation period {{val|18.21}} hours with a brightness amplitude of {{val|0.21}} mag. Quality code of 2. Summary figures at the LCDB}}}} References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (220) Stephania |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 35 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_221 |chapter = (220) Stephania }} [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]2. ^1 2 {{cite web |title = 220 Stephania |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=220 |accessdate = 28 October 2017}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = A. K. |last3 = Mainzer |first4 = C. R. |last4 = Nugent |first5 = J. M. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = R. |last6 = Stevenson |first7 = S. |last7 = Sonnett |date = August 2014 |title = Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2014ApJ...791..121M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 791 |issue = 2 |page = 11 |bibcode = 2014ApJ...791..121M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121 |arxiv = 1406.6645 |access-date= 28 October 2017}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web |title = Small Bodies Data Ferret |work = Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0 |url = https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/PropertySearch/familyForm.action |accessdate = 28 October 2017}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite web |title = LCDB Data for (220) Stephania |publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB) |url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=220%7CStephania |accessdate = 28 October 2017}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = C. R. |last1 = Nugent |first2 = A. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = J. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = T. |last6 = Grav |first7 = E. |last7 = Kramer |first8 = S. |last8 = Sonnett |first9 = R. |last9 = Stevenson |first10 = E. L. |last10 = Wright |date = December 2015 |title = NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015ApJ...814..117N |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 814 |issue = 2 |page = 13 |bibcode = 2015ApJ...814..117N |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117 |arxiv = 1509.02522 |access-date= 28 October 2017}} 7. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = C. R. |last1 = Nugent |first2 = A. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = J. |last3 = Bauer |first4 = R. M. |last4 = Cutri |first5 = E. A. |last5 = Kramer |first6 = T. |last6 = Grav |first7 = J. |last7 = Masiero |first8 = S. |last8 = Sonnett |first9 = E. L. |last9 = Wright |date = September 2016 |title = NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2016AJ....152...63N |journal = The Astronomical Journal |volume = 152 |issue = 3 |page = 12 |bibcode = 2016AJ....152...63N |doi = 10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63 |arxiv = 1606.08923 |access-date= 28 October 2017}} 8. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite journal |first1 = J. |last1 = Durech |first2 = M. |last2 = Delbo' |first3 = B. |last3 = Carry |first4 = J. |last4 = Hanus |first5 = V. |last5 = Alí-Lagoa |date = July 2017 |title = Asteroid shapes and thermal properties from combined optical and mid-infrared photometry inversion |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2017A&A...604A..27D |journal = Astronomy and Astrophysics |volume = 604 |page = 8 |bibcode = 2017A&A...604A..27D |doi = 10.1051/0004-6361/201730868 |access-date= 28 October 2017|arxiv= 1706.01232}} 9. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui |first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda |first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller |first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa |first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro |first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo |first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara |first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza |first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita |first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu |first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno |first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara |first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka |date = October 2011 |title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey |url = http://pasj.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/5/1117.full.pdf+html |journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan |volume = 63 |issue = 5 |pages = 1117–1138 |bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U |doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 |access-date= 28 October 2017}} 10. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |first1 = E. 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E. |last2 = Clark |first3 = E. |last3 = Dotto |date = July 2011 |title = Spectroscopic survey of X-type asteroids |journal = Icarus |volume = 214 |issue = 1 |pages = 131–146 |bibcode = 2011Icar..214..131F |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2011.04.022 |arxiv = 1105.3380 }} }} External links
6 : Background asteroids|Discoveries by Johann Palisa|Minor planets named for people|Named minor planets|XC-type asteroids (Tholen)|Astronomical objects discovered in 1881 |
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