| 词条 | Caryopteris |
| 释义 |
|name = Bluebeards |image = Kariganeso 07c4561.jpg |image_caption = Caryopteris divaricata |regnum = Plantae |unranked_divisio = Angiosperms |unranked_classis = Eudicots |unranked_ordo = Asterids |ordo = Lamiales |familia = Lamiaceae |genus = Caryopteris |genus_authority = Bunge |synonyms_ref=[1] |synonyms=
}}Caryopteris (bluebeard; {{zh|c=莸属 you shu}}) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae (formerly often placed in the family Verbenaceae). They are native to east Asia (China, Korea, Japan, Mongolia).[1][2][3][4][5] They are herbaceous plants or small shrubs growing to 1–4 m tall. The leaves are opposite, simple ovate to lanceolate, with an entire or crenate margin; they are often aromatic. The blue or white flowers are pollinated by butterflies and bumblebees. The fruit is a four-valved capsule containing four seeds.[3][4][5]
Cultivation and usesThough several Caryopteris species are grown in botanical gardens, as ornamental plants the species have largely been superseded in gardens by the hybrid Caryopteris × clandonensis (C. incana × C. mongholica). The accidental cross that produced it occurred in the garden of Arthur Simmonds at Clandon, near Guildford, Surrey.[6] In 1930, wishing to propagate C. mongholica, he gathered seeds from a plant that was growing near C. mastacanthus. When the seedlings eventually flowered in their second year, hybrids appeared. The final selection, however, was made of a self-sown volunteer that appeared under C. mastacanthus, and eventually smothered it. It began winning Royal Horticultural Society medals in 1933.[7][8] This small, deciduous, aromatic shrub has grey-green leaves and produces masses of blue flowers in late summer.[9] There are several cultivars with flowers in shades of blue or white, including 'Blue Mist', 'Heavenly Blue', 'Longwood Blue', 'Dark Knight', 'Summer Sorbet' and 'Pershore'. The cultivars 'Arthur Simmonds',[10] 'First Choice'[11] and 'Worcester Gold'[12] have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Caryopteris × clandonensis, an unusual plant in American gardens in the 1960s,[13] has become more familiar there, especially in xeriscaping. Like Buddleja, the woody stems can die back in the winter, particularly in colder climates and on heavy soils. They prefer well-drained, sandy soil in full sun, but does not need especially rich soil or constant moisture. Leaves and herbaceous stems have a terpene aroma like eucalyptus, especially when lightly bruised. References1. ^1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant families 2. ^Germplasm Resources Information Network: Caryopteris {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114214128/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?2136# |date=2009-01-14 }} 3. ^1 Flora of China: Caryopteris 4. ^1 Flora of Pakistan: Caryopteris 5. ^1 Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan {{ISBN|0-333-47494-5}}. 6. ^David S. MacKenzie, Perennial Ground Covers, s.v. "Caryopteris × clandonensis 'Arthur Simmonds'". 7. ^Coats (1964) 1992. 8. ^"The genus is usually represented by Caryopteris × clandonensis, which has superseded all the original species". Alice M. Coats, Garden Shrubs and Their Histories (1964) 1992, s.v. "Caryopteris". 9. ^{{cite book|title=RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants|year=2008|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|location=United Kingdom|isbn=1405332964|pages=1136}} 10. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Caryopteris × clandonensis 'Arthur Simmonds'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=2293|accessdate=13 June 2013}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Caryopteris × clandonensis 'First Choice'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=336|accessdate=13 June 2013}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Caryopteris × clandonensis 'Worcester Gold'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=337|accessdate=13 June 2013}} 13. ^Wayside Gardens introduced "blue Mist" in the 1950s: "several years ago" in Popular Gardening and Living Outdoors, 7 (1956:15). External links
5 : Lamiaceae|Lamiaceae genera|Flora of China|Flora of Eastern Asia|Flora of Mongolia |
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