“Caserta”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Caserta

释义

History
Geography
Frazioni
Government
Main sights
Piazzas
Gallery
Sports
Transport
Twin towns — sister cities
Notable people
See also
References
External links

{{other uses}}{{Expand Italian|topic=geo|date=January 2010|Caserta}}{{Infobox Italian comune
| name = Caserta
| official_name =
| native_name =
| image_skyline = Campania Caserta2 tango7174.jpg
| imagesize =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Palace of Caserta
| image_shield = Caserta-Stemma.png
| shield_alt =
| image_map =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|41|04|N|14|20|E|type:city(80000)_region:IT|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| region = Campania
| province = Caserta (CE)
| frazioni = Aldifreda, Briano, Casertavecchia, Casola, Casolla, Centurano, Ercole, Falciano, Garzano, Mezzano, Piedimonte di Casolla, Pozzovetere, Puccianiello, Sala di Caserta, San Benedetto, San Clemente, San Leucio, Santa Barbara, Staturano, Tredici, Tuoro, Vaccheria
| mayor_party =
| mayor = Carlo Marino
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 54.07
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 76326
| population_as_of = 1 January 2016
| pop_density_footnotes =
| population_demonym = Casertani
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 68
| twin1 =
| twin1_country =
| saint = St. Sebastian and St. Anne
| day = January 20 and July 26
| postal_code = 81100 (Caserta), 81020 (Caserta Vecchia, Casola di Caserta)
| area_code = 0823
| website = {{official website|http://www.comune.caserta.it}}
| footnotes =
}}

Caserta ({{IPA-it|kaˈzɛrta|lang|It-Caserta.ogg}} or {{IPA-it|kaˈsɛrta|}}; {{IPA-nap|kaˈsertə|lang}}) is the capital of the province of Caserta in the Campania region of Italy. It is an important agricultural, commercial and industrial comune and city. Caserta is located on the edge of the Campanian plain at the foot of the Campanian Subapennine mountain range. The city is best known for the Palace of Caserta.

History

Modern Caserta was established around the defensive tower built in Lombard times by Pando, Prince of Capua. Pando destroyed the original city around 863. The tower is now part of the Palazzo della Prefettura which was once the seat of the counts of Caserta, as well as a royal residence. The original population moved from Casertavecchia (former bishopric seat) to the current site in the 16th century. Casertavecchia was built on the Roman town of Casa Irta, meaning "home village located above" and later contracted as "Caserta".

The city and vicinity were the property of the Acquaviva family who, being pressed by huge debts, sold all the land to the royal family. The royal family then selected Caserta for the construction of their new palace which, being inland, was seen as more defensible than the previous palace fronting the Bay of Naples.

At the end of World War II, the royal palace served as the seat of the Supreme Allied Commander. The first Allied war trial took place here in 1945; German general Anton Dostler was sentenced to death and executed nearby, in Aversa.^[1]

Pope Francis visited Caserta on Monday, 28 June 2014, together with a friend named Giovanni Traettino who pastors an evangelical, charismatic/Pentecostal Protestant church. The Pope apologized for the complicity of some Catholics in the persecution of Protestant Pentecostals during the fascist regime in Italy.^[2]

Geography

Caserta is located {{convert|40|km|mi}} north of Naples. Its municipality borders with Capua, Casagiove, Casapulla, Castel Morrone, Curti, Limatola (BN), Maddaloni, Marcianise, Recale, San Felice a Cancello, San Marco Evangelista, San Nicola la Strada, San Prisco, Sant'Agata de' Goti (BN), Santa Maria Capua Vetere and Valle di Maddaloni.

Frazioni

Casertavecchia is the ancient centre of the comune and former bishopric seat.
San Leucio resort, seat of famous Royal silk workshops, also included in the World Heritage List.
Vaccheria, which housed the stable of the Royal cattle.
Falciano is a former bishop seat; it includes a 16th-century palace.
Piedimonte di Casolla has an ancient Benedictine abbey, built over a Roman temple dedicated to Diana.
Other "Frazioni": Aldifreda, Briano, Casola, Casolla, Centurano, Ercole, Garzano, Mezzano, Pozzovetere, Puccianiello, Sala di Caserta, San Benedetto, San Clemente, Santa Barbara, Staturano, Tredici, Tuoro.

Government

Main sights

Caserta's main attraction is its Royal Palace (listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site). The royal palace ("Reggia")was designed in the 18th century by the Italian architect Luigi Vanvitelli, recalling Versailles, as a residence for the Bourbon kings of Naples and Sicily.

As one of the most visited monuments in Italy, the palace has more than 1200 rooms, decorated in various styles. It has been the set for several famous movies such as Episode I – The Phantom Menace, Episode II – Attack of the Clones, Angels & Demons and Impossible III. The park is {{convert|2|mi|km}} long and contains many waterfalls, lakes and gardens, as well as a very famous English garden.

Palazzo Vecchio ("Old Palace"), a construction of the 14th century renovated by Luigi Vanvitelli as provisional residence for the royal court.
The Cathedral (18th century).
The Aqueduct of Vanvitelli (18th century).

Piazzas

Piazza Matteotti Grave is one of oldest piazzas the city, it is called by Casertani "Piazza Mercato" (Market Square) because there is the daily market in a structure inaugurated in 2008.
Piazza Vanvitelli is the main piazza in the city. The piazza once included Palazzo Castropignano but this was subsequently replaced by a modern palace in the early 1960s. The seat of the municipality of Caserta, Palazzo Acquaviva lies within this piazza as well as the offices of Questura and Prefettura of the Province of Caserta and various banks, shops, hotels and bars. At the center of it there is a statue of Luigi Vanvitelli, the architect who designed the Royal Palace of Caserta.

Gallery

Sports

The city has some experience in hosting major international sports events such as the EuroBasket 1969.

It is home to Juvecaserta Basket, Italy's 1991 basketball champion.

Transport

Caserta railway station is a hub for regional and national traffic, and represents an important interchange linking Rome and Naples to Bari. The nearest airport is Naples-Capodichino, located about {{convert|30|km|mi}} south.

Caserta is the starting point of the A30 motorway to Salerno and is served by two exits of A1 motorway: Caserta Nord (Caserta North, near Casagiove and Casapulla) and Caserta Sud (Caserta South, near Marcianise and San Marco Evangelista).

Twin towns — sister cities

Caserta is twinned with:

{{flagicon|ROU}} Pitești, Romania
{{flagicon|LIB}} Aley, Lebanon

Notable people

Italian writer Maria Valtorta
Air power theorist Giulio Douhet.
English cricketer Hedley Verity is buried there, having died in a Caserta hospital on 31 July 1943 of wounds sustained in the World War II Allied invasion of Sicily.^[3]
Fictional character Jennifer Melfi of The Sopranos said her family was from Caserta

References

1. ^{{cite book|title=The last hero: Wild Bill Donovan|publisher=Vintage Books|year=1984|author=Anthony Cave Brown|page=|url=}}
2. ^Fournier K. A. Spiritual Ecumenism: Pope Francis Visits Evangelical/Pentecostal Church in Caserta Italy at Catholic Online. Accessed 26 October 2014
3. ^Caserta War Cemetery at Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Accessed 26 October 2014

External links

Città di Caserta Official website (Italian language)

1 : Caserta

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