| 词条 | Ceija Stojka |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = Ceija Stojka | honorific_suffix = | image = Ceija Stojka Wien2008.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Ceija Stojka, 2008 | native_name = | native_name_lang = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth_date|df=y|1933|5|23}} | birth_place = Kraubath an der Mur, Austria | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|2013|1|28|1933|5|23}} | death_place = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | nationality = Austrian | education = | alma_mater = | known_for = | notable_works = | style = | movement = | spouse = | awards = | elected = | patrons = | memorials = | website = | module = }}Ceija Stojka (1933–2013) was an Austrian-Romani writer, painter, activist, and musician, and survivor of the Holocaust.[1] LifeStojka was born in Kraubath an der Mur, Styria in 1933 as the fifth of six children to mother Maria "Sidi" Rigo Stojka and father Karl "Wackar" Horvath.[2] Two of her brothers, Karl "Karli" Stojka and Johann "Mongo" Stojka, were also writers and musicians. The family were Roman Catholic Lovara Roma, members of the Bagareschtschi clan on their father's side and Giletschi clan on their mother's side.[2] The Stojkas were horse-traders whose caravan spent winters in Vienna and summers travelling through the Austrian countryside,[3] where the family could trace their heritage for over 200 years. Together with her mother and four of the five brothers, she survived the Holocaust and internment at Auschwitz, Ravensbruck, and Bergen-Belsen. Her father was sent to the Dachau concentration camp, then to Schloss Hartheim, where he was killed. Her youngest brother Ossi died in the "Zigunerfamillienlager" at Auschwitz-Birkenau in 1943.[2] Stojka, her mother, and sisters were freed by the British from Bergen-Belsen in 1945 and returned to Vienna. Ceija began school at the age of twelve in the second grade.[2] Stojka had two children, a son in 1949 and a daughter in 1951. Her son Jano, a jazz musician, died from drugs in 1979. She earned her livelihood selling fabric door-to-door, as well as rugs at markets at which she earned her living until 1984. Later, she lived in Vienna as a writer, painter, singer, and public lecturer.[2] In 1992, she became the Austrian spokeswoman for the recognition of the Roma and Sinti genocide, along being a voice in the struggle against discrimination that the Roma continue to suffer throughout Europe.[4] She died in Vienna in 2013 at the age of 79. AutobiographiesStojka wrote three autobiographies. The first, We Live in Seclusion: The Memories of a Romni, was published in 1988 and was one of the first popular works to make public the issues concerning the Nazi persecution of the Austrian Romani people. The publication received substantial public attention for its subject matter, as well as for the fact that a woman had written it, breaking Romani convention.[5] She continued exploring these issues in Travelers on This World (1992) and I Dream That I am Alive - Liberated From Bergen-Belsen (Träume ich, dass ich lebe) (2005). All three books were published with the help of Karin Berger as editor.[10] Two of Stojka's brothers, Karl and Mongo Stojka, also published autobiographies about their family's experiences of Austrian Roma persecution under the Nazis.[6] Karl Stojka, the fourth child in the family, released Auf der ganzen Welt zu Hause in 1994. Mongo Stojka, the oldest male in the family, published Papierene Kinder: Gluck, Zerstorung und Neubeginn einer Roma-Femilie in Osterreich in 2000. These overlapping autobiographies are among the only opportunities to compare the memories of family members who survived the Holocaust and consider the "separate and collective experiences of a major historical traumatic event," [2] given that only about 18% of Austrian Roma survived Nazi persecution.[7] The Austrian author Karin Berger [8], editor of several books by Ceija Stojka, is well-known as a filmmaker too and published two documentary films on the life and work of Ceija Stojka: Ceija Stojka, Austria 1999, 85 min. [Navigator Film] [9] and Unter den Brettern hellgrünes Gras / The Green Green Gras Beneath, Austria 2005, 52 min. [Navigator Film] [10]Stojka is featured in the 2013 documentary film Forget Us Not, which follows several non-Jewish survivors of the Holocaust.[11] ArtStojka began painting at the age of 56 using unconventional painting implements like her fingers and toothpicks. She worked with "everything that comes between [her] fingers," including cardboard, glass jars, postcards, and salt dough.[12] Her work is rooted in German expressionism and folk art[12] and depicts the death camps as well as "idyllic" pictures of family life in their painted wagon before the Holocaust.[13] A 2014 retrospective exhibition "We Were Ashamed" described her body of work as two cycles.[14] The first, titled "Even Death is Afraid of Auschwitz," depicts her memories of concentration camps, and is composed primarily of black and white ink drawings and comparatively few oil paintings. The second "Bright Cycle" involves colorful oil paintings of nature, landscapes, Roma wagons, dance, and family. Her art has been exhibited throughout Europe, in Japan and in the United States.[15] She also released a CD of Lovara Romani songs titled Me Diklem Suno ("I dreamt"). In 2018 the Ceija Stojka International Fund was created to contribute to the knowledge and international influence of the work of Ceija Stojka (1933-2013). The exhibitions in France (Marseille, Paris) “Ceija Stojka, a Roma artist in the century” produced by Lanicolacheur and La maison rouge with the support of the Antoine de Galbert Foundation and the Austrian Cultural Forum inspired the creation of the Fund. The Fund gathers personalities who, since the essential encounter between Ceija Stojka and Karin Berger (author and film maker) in 1986, contribute to international recognition and promotion of her work. Ceija Stojka’s commitment as an activist, artist, and spokesperson has led to the study and the exhibition of her works in Europe, Japan, and the USA. This was made possible thanks to a number of dedicated curators, experts, scientists, and friends. [16] AwardsBruno Kreisky prize for a political book for Wir leben im Verborgenen (1993) Joseph Felder Prize for civic merit and work in the general interest (2000) Gold medal of merit awarded by the Federal State of Vienna (2001)[17] Works
References1. ^{{cite web|author=derStandard.at |url=http://derstandard.at/1358304979867/Roma-Kuenstlerin-Ceija-Stojka-gestorben |title=Roma-Künstlerin Ceija Stojka gestorben - Literatur - derStandard.at › Kultur |publisher=Derstandard.at |date= |accessdate=2013-01-29}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 French, L.. (2008). An Austrian Roma Family Remembers: Trauma and Gender in Autobiographies by Ceija, Karl, and Mongo Stojka. German Studies Review, 31(1), 68. 3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/idcard.php?ModuleId=10006787|title=Holocaust Encyclopedia: Ceija Stojka|last=|first=|date=|website=United States Holocaust Memorial Museum|publisher=|access-date=March 5, 2016}} 4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028664782|title=Ceija Stojka : une artiste rom dans le siècle = a Roma artist in the century.|others=Maison rouge-Fondation Antoine de Galbert,|isbn=9782849754962|location=Lyon|oclc=1028664782}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.romea.cz/en/entertainment/literature/romani-author-and-painter-ceija-stojka-has-passed-away#.UQh343mFCnI.facebook|title=Romani author and painter Ceija Stojka has passed away - Romea.cz|website=www.romea.cz|access-date=2016-03-05}} 6. ^1 French, L.. (2008). An Austrian Roma Family Remembers: Trauma and Gender in Autobiographies by Ceija, Karl, and Mongo Stojka. German Studies Review, 31(1), 64–86. 7. ^Freund, Florian, Gerhard Baumgartner, and Harald Greifeneder. Vermogensentzug, Restitution und Entschadigung der Roma und Sinti. Wien, Munchen: Oldenbourg Verlag, 2004 (p. 53) 8. ^{{Karin Berger}} 9. ^{{Navigator Film Karin Berger Ceija Stojka}} 10. ^{{Navigator Film Karin Berger Ceija Stojka Unter den Brettern hellgruenes Gras}} 11. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-21250218|title=Roma Holocaust survivor and artist Ceija Stojka dies|accessdate=30 January 2013 | work=BBC News|date=30 January 2013}} 12. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.sevendaysvt.com/vermont/the-art-of-remembering/Content?oid=2139017|title=The Art of Remembering|last=Galloway|first=Anne|website=Seven Days|access-date=2016-03-05}} 13. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-21250218|title=Roma Holocaust survivor and artist Ceija Stojka dies - BBC News|website=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-03-05}} 14. ^{{Cite web|url=http://gallery8.org/en/news/2/47/ceija-stojka|title=CEIJA STOJKA - Gallery8|last=liw.hu|first=LIW Intermedia -|website=gallery8.org|access-date=2016-03-05}} 15. ^{{Cite web|url=http://hmd.org.uk/resources/stories/ceija-stojka-chaya-stoyka|title=Ceija Stojka (Chaya Stoyka) {{!}} Holocaust Memorial Day Trust|website=hmd.org.uk|access-date=2016-03-05}} 16. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.ceijastojka.org|title=Ceija Stojka International Fund|website=ceijastojka.org|access-date=2019-03-20}} 17. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028664782|title=Ceija Stojka : une artiste rom dans le siècle = a Roma artist in the century.|others=Maison rouge-Fondation Antoine de Galbert,|isbn=9782849754962|location=Lyon|oclc=1028664782}} External links
18 : 1933 births|2013 deaths|Romani activists|Romani writers|Romani painters|Austrian activists|Austrian women writers|20th-century Austrian painters|21st-century Austrian painters|Lovara|Austrian Romani people|Auschwitz concentration camp survivors|Bergen-Belsen concentration camp survivors|People from Leoben District|Austrian women artists|Porajmos survivors|20th-century women artists|21st-century women artists |
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