| 词条 | Celaenorrhinus ambareesa | |||||
| 释义 |
| name = Malabar spotted flat | image = Malabar Spotted Flat Celaenorrhinus ambareesa by Dr. Raju Kasambe DSCN2466 (3).jpg | image2 = Malabar Spotted Flat Celaenorrhinus ambareesa UN by Dr. Raju Kasambe DSCN5658 (27).jpg | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | classis = Insecta | ordo = Lepidoptera | familia = Hesperiidae | genus = Celaenorrhinus | species = C. ambareesa | binomial = Celaenorrhinus ambareesa | binomial_authority = (Moore, 1865[1]) }}Celaenorrhinus ambareesa,[2][3] the Malabar spotted flat,[4] is a butterfly of the hesperiid family found in India.[5][6][7] RangeThe butterfly is found in India and ranges from South India to Khandesh, Madhya Pradesh to West Bengal.[2][4][5] DescriptionUnlike the common spotted flat, the semi-transparent white spots on the upperside of the forewings are separated from each other. It also has distinct rows of pale yellow spots on the hindwing and the hairy fringe of the wings (cilia) is chequered with black and white. All the spotted flats have similar habits and habitats. The Malabar spotted flat is more likely to be found under boulders and logs overhanging forest streams. In 1891 Edward Yerbury Watson described it as: {{quote|Upperside dark olive-brown, the whole surface irrorated with delicate yellowish-olive scales: forewing with an oblique transverse discal series of pale yellowish-white semi-transparent spots, the first large and within the extremity of the cell, being indented exteriorly, the second small and some distance beyond, the third large and beneath the latter; below the last are two other small spots; and one-third from the base beneath the cell is a small round similar spot; above the first on the costa is a small brighter yellow spot, which is not transparent; before the apex are five rather large similar spots, the three upper conjugated as are also the other two; one or two lower submarginal very indistinct orange-coloured spots: hindwing with a row of ill-defined orange-coloured submarginal spots, and others still less defined nearer the base: cilia of both wings broad, alternate brown and yellowish-white. Underside paler, more uniform in colour; markings as above.|Edward Yerbury Watson[8]}}Wingspan: 45 to 55 mm.[4] DistributionThis butterfly is commonly found in moist-deciduous, semi-evergreen and secondary evergreen forests with a dense herb and shrub layers. It is particularly frequent in places where openings in the canopy let sunlight fall on the ground vegetation.[9] The butterfly is most commonly seen in the post monsoon season. The population is low in the winter and summer months but increases prior to the monsoon.[9] StatusNot rare.[4] Cited references1. ^Plesioneura ambareesa, Moore, P. Z. S., 1865:788. 2. ^1 Markku Savela's website on Lepidoptera Page on genus Celaenorrhinus., Subfamily Pyrginae, Family Hesperiidae 3. ^{{LepIndex |id=182025}} Retrieved April 19, 2018. 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |last=Evans |first1=W.H. |authorlink=William Harry Evans |title=The Identification of Indian Butterflies |edition=2nd |location=Mumbai, India |publisher=Bombay Natural History Society |year=1932 |page=324, ser no I11.3 }} 5. ^1 {{Cite book|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287980260_A_Synoptic_Catalogue_of_the_Butterflies_of_India|title=A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India|last=R.K.|first=Varshney|last2=Smetacek|first2=Peter|publisher=Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi|year=2015|isbn=978-81-929826-4-9|location=New Delhi|pages=34|doi=10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164}} 6. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/187283#page/118/mode/1up|title=A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia, and Australia in the British Museum|last=W. H.|first=Evans|authorlink=William Harry Evans |publisher=British Museum (Natural History). Department of Entomology|year=1949|isbn=|location=London|pages=94}} 7. ^{{citation-attribution|{{Cite book|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/103495#page/25/mode/1up|title=Lepidoptera Indica. Vol. X |last=Swinhoe|first=Charles|authorlink=Charles Swinhoe|publisher=Lovell Reeve and Co.|year=1912-1913|isbn=|location=London|pages=11}}|}} 8. ^{{citation-attribution|{{Cite book|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/64080#page/154/mode/1up|title=Hesperiidae Indicae : being a reprint of descriptions of the Hesperiidae of India, Burma, and Ceylon|last=E. Y.|first=Watson|authorlink=Edward Yerbury Watson|publisher=Vest and Company|year=1891|isbn=|location=Madras|pages=140}}|}} 9. ^1 {{cite book |last=Kunte |first=Krushnamegh |title=Butterflies of Peninsular India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cuPPjOMcu_4C |series=India, A Lifescape |location=Hyderabad, India |publisher=Universities Press |year=2000 |isbn=978-8173713545 |pages=146–147, ser no 64 }} See also
References
Online
2 : Celaenorrhinus|Butterflies of India |
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