| 词条 | Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine |
| 释义 |
|name=Central Commission for Navigation of the Rhine |native_name = {{native name|fr|Commission Centrale pour la Navigation du Rhin}} {{native name|de|Zentralkommission für die Rheinschifffahrt}} {{native name|nl|Centrale Commissie voor de Rijnvaart}} |abbreviation = CCNR |image = Commission centrale pour la navigation du Rhin - Drapeau.svg |caption = Flag |map = Rhein-Karte.png |mcaption = Map of the Rhine running through member countries. |msize = 175px |type =IGO |headquarters = Palais du Rhin, Strasbourg (France) |membership = Belgium, France, Germany, Netherlands and Switzerland |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |main_organ = Secretariat |formation = 1815 |region_served = Rhine basin |purpose = |website = {{URL|http://www.ccr-zkr.org/}} }} The Central Commission for Navigation of the Rhine (CCNR; {{lang-fr|link=no|Commission Centrale pour la Navigation du Rhin}}) is an international organisation whose function is to encourage European prosperity by guaranteeing a high level of security for navigation of the Rhine and environs. It is the world's oldest extant international organization.[1] SecretariatThe commission and its secretariat is based in Strasbourg (France), in Le Palais du Rhin. It has 18 staff members who deal with general management of the 50 meetings annually, external representation, administering social security for ship crews on the Rhine and functioning as the seat of the Rhine navigation tribunal. HistoryLegally, the commission's authority comes from agreements made at the Congress of Vienna, held in 1815 in the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars. The first meeting took place on 15 August 1816 in Mainz. In 1831, the Convention of Mainz was adopted, establishing a number of the first laws governing Rhine navigation. In 1861, the commission's seat was moved to Mannheim, and on 17 October 1868, the Convention of Mannheim was agreed to. This agreement still governs the principles of Rhine navigation today. The member states are currently Germany, Belgium, France, The Netherlands, and Switzerland.[2] The current revised convention is that signed in Strasbourg by the five members of the commission and the United Kingdom on 20 November 1963 and brought into force on 14 April 1967. There have since been additional protocols.[3] Shortly after the end of the First World War, in 1920, the commission's headquarters was moved to Strasbourg as a part of the Treaty of Versailles. In 2003 the European Commission asked for the permission of the Council of Ministers to negotiate the adhesion of the European Union to the regulations of the CCNR and the Commission of the Danube, especially given the prospective enlargement of the EU. Individual German states were members before World War I. The United States was temporarily a member immediately after World War II, while Germany was under Allied occupation, until 1961. Italy and the United Kingdom were also members following the Treaty of Versailles, though Italy renounced its position in 1935 and the UK renounced in 1993.[4] See also
References1. ^{{Google books|hDttfNbafnsC|European Yearbook, volume XLII (1994) p. CCR1}} 2. ^The Integration of European Waterways, p. 12 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080627065929/http://www.spin-network.org/pdf/WG3%20Integration%20of%20European%20Waterways.pdf |date=27 June 2008 }} 3. ^Revised Convention for Rhine Navigation {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090921003157/http://www.ccr-zkr.org/Files/convrev_e.pdf |date=21 September 2009 }} of 17 October 1868 as set out in the text of 20 November 1963 4. ^Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine: Organisation - Member States External links{{commonscat}}
6 : 1815 establishments in Europe|International organisations of Europe|Strasbourg|Rhine|Inland waterway authorities|Transport organisations based in Germany |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。