| 词条 | Charles Howard-Bury |
| 释义 |
| name = Charles Howard-Bury | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1881|8|15}} | birth_place = Charleville Castle, Ireland | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1963|9|20|1881|8|15}} | death_place = Mullingar, Ireland | nationality = | other_names = | education = Eton | alma_mater = Royal Military College, Sandhurst | occupation = | years_active = | known_for = 1921 Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition | notable_works = | parents = | mother = Emily Alfreda Julia Bury | father = Kenneth Howard-Bury }}Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Kenneth Howard-Bury DSO, DL, JP (15 August 1881{{spaced ndash}}20 September 1963) was a British soldier, explorer, botanist and Conservative politician. Background and educationA member of the Howard family, he was born at Charleville Castle, King's County, Ireland, the only son of Captain Kenneth Howard-Bury (1846–1885), son of the Honourable James Howard. His mother was Lady Emily Alfreda Julia, daughter of Charles Bury, 3rd Earl of Charleville. His father had assumed the additional surname of Bury in 1881 after his wife succeeded to the Charleville estates. In his own right he succeeded to the estates of Charles Brinsley Marlay. He was educated at Eton and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst.[1] Career until 1921Howard-Bury was always interested in climbing as a youth, which led him to take up the larger routes in Austrian Alps. He joined the King's Royal Rifle Corps in 1904 and was posted to India, where he went travelling and big game-hunting. In 1905 he secretly entered Tibet without permission and was rebuked by Lord Curzon. His early travel diaries date from 1906 and show his keen powers of observation, encyclopaedic knowledge of natural history, and linguistic ability. At the beginning of World War I, Howard-Bury rejoined his regiment and served with distinction as a frontline officer on the Somme and throughout the conflict. He was captured during the German Spring Offensive of 1918 and then made a dramatic escape from his prisoner-of-war camp, before being recaptured ten days later. 1921 Mount Everest Reconnaissance Expedition{{main|1921 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition}}At the behest or Sir Francis Younghusband in 1920, Howard-Bury successfully paved the way for the Everest Expedition. In 1921 he was the leader of the Mount Everest Reconnaissance Expedition, organised and financed by the Mount Everest Committee, a joint body of the Alpine Club and the Royal Geographical Society. In 1922 he wrote a full account of the expedition, published as "Mount Everest The Reconnaissance, 1921".[2] During the 1921 expedition Howard-Bury found many footprints at high altitude, he later pronounced that the tracks "were probably caused by a large 'loping' grey wolf",[2] however his sherpas were quick to offer that they were the tracks of a "metch kangmi" (meaning "filthy snowman"). It was at this time that Henry Newman of The Statesman in Calcutta (now Kolkata) obtained descriptions from the expedition's porters on their return to Darjeeling. Bill Tilman writes in his book[3] (see also [4]) that Newman mistranslated "metch kangmi" as "abominable snowman"; hence the phrase "Abominable Snowman" came into existence in 1921. Later Newman wrote in a letter to The Times "The whole story seemed such a joyous creation I sent it to one or two newspapers".[3] Izzard adds "whatever effect Mr. Newman intended, from 1921 onwards the Yeti - or whatever various native populations choose to call it - became saddled with the description "Abominable Snowman", an appellation which can only appeal more to the music-hall mind than to mammologists, a fact which has seriously handicapped earnest seekers of the truth"[5] He was awarded the 1922 Founder's Gold Medal of the Royal Geographical Society for his leadership of the expedition.[6] Political careerThe Everest expedition of 1921 made Howard-Bury a public figure and in 1922 he was elected to parliament for Bilston as Conservative. He lost his seat in 1924[1][7] but returned to the House of Commons in 1926, when he was elected for Chelmsford. He resigned in 1931.[1][8] He was also a Deputy Lieutenant and Justice of the Peace for County Westmeath.[1] Personal lifeHoward-Bury died on 20 September 1963, aged 82. He never married.[1] He left his house at Belvedere to his friend Rex Beaumont.[9] LegacyIn 2013, British adventurers Matthew Traver and Jamie Bunchuk completed a 750-mile horse ride down the post roads of Eastern Kazakhstan in honour of the centenary of Howard-Bury's travels through the region, en route to the Tian Shan mountains in 1913.[10][11] References1. ^1 2 3 4 thepeerage.com Lt.-Col. Charles Kenneth Howard-Bury 2. ^1 {{cite book | last = Howard-Bury | first = Charles | authorlink = Charles Howard-Bury| title =Mount Everest The Reconnaissance, 1921| publisher = Edward Arnold| year = 1921| chapter =Chapter 19| isbn = 1-135-39935-2| page = 141}} 3. ^1 {{cite book |author=Tilman H.W,|year=1938|title=Mount Everest 1938|isbn = 81-7769-175-9|publisher = Pilgrim Publishing|pages=127–137}} 4. ^{{cite journal |author=Masters J.|year=1959|title=The Abominable Snowman|publisher=Harpers|volume=CCXVIII| issue = 1304}} 5. ^{{cite book|author=Ralph Izzard.|year=1955|title= The Abominable Snowman Adventure| chapter=2 | pages=24|publisher=Hodder and Stoughton}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rgs.org/NR/rdonlyres/C5962519-882A-4C67-803D-0037308C756D/0/GoldMedallists18322011.pdf |title=List of Past Gold Medal Winners |publisher=Royal Geographical Society |accessdate=24 August 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927221002/http://www.rgs.org/NR/rdonlyres/C5962519-882A-4C67-803D-0037308C756D/0/GoldMedallists18322011.pdf |archivedate=27 September 2011 |df=dmy }} 7. ^leighrayment.com House of Commons: Bethnal Green to Blyth Valley 8. ^leighrayment.com House of Commons: Carmarthen East and Dinefwr to Chesterton 9. ^askaboutireland.ie Big Houses of Ireland - Belvedere House, Co. Westmeath - Charles Kenneth Howard-Bury 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://expat.kz/1100km-and-63-days-crossing-the-length-of-eastern-kazakhstan-on-horseback/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-10-03 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006080120/http://expat.kz/1100km-and-63-days-crossing-the-length-of-eastern-kazakhstan-on-horseback/ |archivedate=6 October 2014 |df=dmy }} 11. ^http://en.tengrinews.kz/people/Two-Englishmen-to-horse-ride-from-Ust-Kamenogorsk-to-Tashkent-19747/
External links{{wikisource author}}
| title = Member of Parliament for Bilston | years = 1922–1924 | before = T. E. Hickman | after = John Baker }}{{succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Chelmsford | years = 1926–1931 | before = Sir Henry Curtis-Bennett | after = Sir Vivian Henderson }}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Howardbury, Charles}} 17 : King's Royal Rifle Corps officers|British Army personnel of World War I|English botanists|English explorers|Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies|Sportspeople from London|UK MPs 1922–23|UK MPs 1923–24|UK MPs 1929–31|English mountain climbers|World War I prisoners of war held by Germany|Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst|Howard family (English aristocracy)|1883 births|1963 deaths|British World War I prisoners of war|People educated at Eton College |
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