| 释义 |
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{{essay|date=December 2011}}{{Infobox person
|name = Charles Luckman
|image =
|image_size =
|caption =
|nationality = American
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1909|05|16}}
|birth_place = Kansas City, Missouri, US
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1999|01|26|1909|05|16}}
|death_place = Los Angeles, California, US
|spouse = Harriet Luckman
|children = Charles Luckman, Jr.
James Luckman
Stephen Luckman
|alma_mater =
|influences =
|influenced =
|practice =
|significant_buildings =
|significant_projects =
|significant_design =
|awards =
}}Charles Luckman (May 16, 1909 in Kansas City – January 26, 1999 in Los Angeles) was an American businessman and architect, famous as the "Boy Wonder of American Business" when he was named president of the Pepsodent toothpaste company in 1939 at the age of 30. Through acquisition, he later became president of Lever Brothers. BiographyBorn to a Jewish family,[1] Luckman had always wanted to be an architect. As a nine-year-old paper boy outside the Muehlebach Hotel in Kansas City, he asked a customer about the pretty lights and was told they were called "chandeliers." Then he asked, "Who does... Who decides on things like that?" "An architect," came the reply. "He designs the hotel and says to put the chandeliers there." Luckman wrote in his memoir, "Right then and there I decided to become an architect." He trained at the University of Illinois where he was a member of the Professional Engineering Fraternity Theta Tau, and the Social Fraternity Chi Psi but went into sales after graduating during the depths of the Great Depression. After nearly 20 years of great success in business, he helped plan Lever Brothers' New York skyscraper, Lever House, one of the first sealed glass towers that began the curtain wall trend. The complex, designed by Gordon Bunshaft of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, was innovative in several other ways, as well, including a rare public plaza at ground level. Reminded of his architectural roots, Luckman resigned the presidency of Lever Brothers, moved to Los Angeles and began practicing architecture with fellow University of Illinois graduate William Pereira c. 1950 as Pereira & Luckman. Their partnership led to works such as CBS Television City and the master plans for Edwards Air Force Base and Los Angeles International Airport.[2] Luckman and Pereira went separate ways in 1959. Luckman's firm went on to design the Prudential Tower in Boston, The Forum in Inglewood, the new Madison Square Garden in New York City, Aloha Stadium in Honolulu, Aon Center in Los Angeles, and the NASA Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston. Public serviceIn 1946, President Harry Truman appointed Luckman to serve on the President's Committee on Civil Rights. Then in 1947, President Truman asked him to help feed starving Europe. For this work, he was honored with Britain's Order of St. John, France's Legion of Honor, and Italy's Star of Solidarity. Personal lifeHe was married to Harriet Luckman; they had three sons: Charles, Jr., James, and Stephen.[3] Portfolio{{Expand list|date=February 2011}}Pereira & Luckman, 1950-1959- Farmers & Stockmen's Bank, Phoenix, Arizona, 1951
- Gibraltar Savings & Loan Headquarters, Beverly Hills, California, 1951
- Robinson's department store, Beverly Hills (demolished), 1951
- Robinson's department store, Pasadena, California, 1951
- Avco Research Center, Wilmington, Massachusetts, 1952
- Beverly Hills Hotel Addition, Beverly Hills, 1952
- Doheny Office Building, Beverly Hills, 1952
- Hilton Hotels headquarters, Beverly Hills, 1952
- Lear Industrial plant, Santa Monica, 1952
- Luke Air Force Base, Phoenix, Arizona, 1952
- CBS Television City, Los Angeles, 1953
- Western Hydraulics plant, Van Nuys, California, 1953
- Electronics and Radio Propagation Research Laboratories, Camp Pendleton, Oceanside, California, 1954
- KTTV Television Station, Los Angeles, 1954
- KEYT Television Station, Santa Barbara, California, 1954
- National Bureau of Standards building, Boulder, Colorado, 1954
- Santa Rosa Hall - Dormitory, University of California, Santa Barbara, 1954
- United States Navy training facility, San Diego, California, 1954
- Wadsworth General Hospital, Veteran's Administration, Los Angeles, 1954
- Western Hydraulics Plant 2, Van Nuys, California, 1954
- William H. Block Department Store, Indianapolis, 1954
- WSBT Television Station, South Bend, Indiana, 1954
- Marineland of the Pacific, Rancho Palos Verdes, California, 1954
- Dormitories, Music and Science Buildings, Occidental College, Los Angeles, 1955
- Jet Production and Test Center, Palmdale, California, 1955
- Service Bureau Office Building, Los Angeles, 1955
- Fallbrook Hospital, Fallbrook, California, 1956
- General Telephone Company Administration Building, 1956 Whittier, California,
- Hunter Engineering plant, Riverside, California, 1956
- Prudential Tower, Boston, 1956
- Southern California School of Theology, Claremont, California, 1956 (now Claremont School of Theology)
- United States Air Force and Naval Bases, Cádiz, Spain, 1956
- Braniff International Airways, Operations and Maintenance Base, Dallas, Texas, 1956
- First National Bank, Denver, Colorado, 1957
- Motion Picture Country House and Hospital, Woodland Hills, California, 1957
- Nellis Air Force Base buildings, Nevada, 1957
- Beckman Corporation plant, Newport Beach, California, 1958
- Berlin Hilton, Berlin, Germany, 1958
- Bullock's Fashion Square, Santa Ana, California, 1958 (partially demolished, now Westfield MainPlace)
- Chrysler Sales & Service Training Center, Anaheim, California, 1958
- Convair Astronautics, San Diego, California, 1958 (Demolished)
- Disneyland Hotel, California, 1958
- Firestone Tire company headquarters, Los Angeles, 1958
- Ford Aeronutronics, Newport Beach, California, 1958 (Demolished)
- General Atomic, La Jolla, California, 1958
- Grossmont Hospital, San Diego, California, 1958
- IBM headquarters, Los Angeles, 1958
- Los Angeles International Airport, 1958
- Physical Plant Building B, University of Southern California, 1958
- Robinson's department store, Palm Springs, California, 1958
- Signal Oil headquarters, Los Angeles, 1958
- Union Oil Center, Los Angeles, 1958 (now Los Angeles Center Studios)
- Valley Presbyterian Hospital, Van Nuys, California, 1958
Charles Luckman & Associates 1959-1982 - Robertson Gymnasium, Santa Barbara, 1959
- Msgr. Farrell High School, Staten Island, New York, 1961
- Theme Building, Los Angeles International Airport, Los Angeles, California, 1961
- Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (formerly the Manned Spacecraft Center), Houston, 1962–1963
- Chula Vista Center, Chula Vista, California, 1962
- 9200 Sunset (formerly the Luckman Plaza), West Hollywood, 1964
- Prudential Tower, Boston, 1960–1964
- Kennedy Space Center (formerly the Launch Operations Center and Launch Operations Directorate), Merrit Island, 1964–1965
- Federal Pavilion (demolished in 1977), New York City, 1964
- The Forum, Inglewood, 1967
- The Chesterfield Building, Cleveland, Ohio, 1967
- Madison Square Garden, New York City, 1968
- Broadway, department store, Biltmore Fashion Park, Phoenix, 1968[4]
- Broadway, department store, Montclair Place Mall, Montclair, 1968 (demolished)
- Chicago Marriott Downtown Magnificent Mile, Chicago, 1969
- 20 Hawley Street (formerly One Marine Midland Plaza), Binghamton, New York, 1969
- McDonald Investment Center (also known as the Key Center, formerly the Central National Bank Building), Cleveland, 1969
- Broadway, department store, Tyler Mall, 1970
- Wells Fargo Plaza (formerly the First National Bank Plaza and First Interstate Bank Building), Phoenix, 1971
- Wells Fargo Plaza (formerly the Norwest Plaza and State National Bank Building), El Paso, 1971
- Wells Fargo Center (formerly the First Interstate Tower and First National Bank Tower), Portland, Oregon, 1969–1972
- Phoenix Civics Plaza, Phoenix, 1969-1972[4] (demolished)
- Phoenix Symphony Hall, Phoenix, 1969-1972[4]
- Los Angeles Convention Center, Los Angeles, 1972 (partially demolished)
- The Bloc (formerly The Broadway Plaza and Macy's Plaza), Los Angeles, 1973
- Broadway, department store, Metrocenter Mall, Phoenix, 1973[4] (demolished)
- Aon Center (also known as 707 Wilshire, formerly the First Interstate Tower and United California Bank Building), Los Angeles, 1972–1973
- Broadway, department store, Park Place Mall, Tucson, 1974[4] (now Macy's)
- Frost Bank Tower, San Antonio, 1975
- Aloha Stadium, Hawaii, 1975
- Hyatt Regency Dearborn, 1976
- Hyatt Regency Phoenix, 1976
- Disney Epcot Center, Florida 1982
References1. ^Vanity Fair: "Forever Modern" October 2002
2. ^Will Wiles, Jet-Age Modernism, iconeye, 1 April 2014.
3. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/1999/01/28/arts/charles-luckman-architect-who-designed-penn-station-s-replacement-dies-at-89.html?pagewanted=1 New York Times: "Charles Luckman, Architect Who Designed Penn Station's Replacement, Dies at 89" by HERBERT MUSCHAMP] January 28, 1999
4. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite web|url=https://delwebbsuncitiesmuseum.org/newsletters-webb-spinners/|title=NEWSLETTERS – "Webb Spinner" – Del Webb Sun Cities Museum|website=delwebbsuncitiesmuseum.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-10-14}}
External links- Charles Luckman Papers, 1908-2000, Loyola Marymount University, Department of Archives and Special Collections, William H. Hannon Library (see linked pdf for details and biography)
- {{archINFORM|arch|8923}}
- Time Magazine, June 10, 1946
{{Authority control}}{{Henry Laurence Gantt Medal|state=collapsed}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Luckman, Charles}} 10 : 1909 births|1999 deaths|Businesspeople from Kansas City, Missouri|American Jews|University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign alumni|20th-century American architects|Jewish architects|Henry Laurence Gantt Medal recipients|Charles Luckman buildings|20th-century American engineers |