| 词条 | Charles Stuart, 1st Baron Stuart de Rothesay |
| 释义 |
|honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable |name = The Lord Stuart de Rothesay |honorific-suffix = {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|GCB|PC}} |image = Image:1stLordStuart de Rothesay.jpg |imagesize = 250px |alt = |order1 = |ambassador_from = British |country = Russia |term_start = 1841 |term_end = 1844 |predecessor = The Marquess of Clanricarde |successor = Hon. John Bloomfield |ambassador_from1 = British |country1 = France |term_start1 = 1828 |term_end1 = 1830 |predecessor1 = The Viscount Granville |successor1 = The Viscount Granville |ambassador_from2 = British |country2 = France |term_start2 = 1815 |term_end2 = 1824 |predecessor2 = The Duke of Wellington |successor2 = The Viscount Granville |birth_date = 2 January 1779 |birth_place = |death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1845|11|06|1779|02|02}} |death_place = Highcliffe Castle, Dorset, England |nationality = British |party = |otherparty = |spouse = Lady Elizabeth Margaret Yorke |relations = Sir Charles Crichton-Stuart (father) John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute (grandfather) |children = |residence = |alma_mater = Christ Church, Oxford |occupation = Diplomat |profession = |cabinet = |committees = |portfolio = |religion = Church of England }} Charles Stuart, 1st Baron Stuart de Rothesay {{postnominals|country=GBR|GCB|PC}} (2 January 1779 – 6 November 1845), known as Sir Charles Stuart between 1812 and 1828, was a British diplomat. He was twice Ambassador to France and also served as Ambassador to Russia between 1841 and 1844. Background and educationStuart was the son of Lieutenant-General the Honourable Sir Charles Crichton-Stuart, younger son of Prime Minister John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute. His mother was Louisa, daughter of Lord Vere Bertie, younger son of Robert Bertie, 1st Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven. He was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford.[1] Diplomatic careerStuart joined the Diplomatic Service in 1801,and was immediately appointed as Secretary of Legation in Vienna, a post he held until 1804. He was then sent to Petersburg and this was followed by an assignment in French occupied Spain in 1808.[2] He served as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Portugal and Brazil between 1810 and 1814. Briefly Ambassador to the Netherlands between February and May 1815, it was during his posting as ambassador in Spain that he became indispensable to the Duke of Wellington. At the Generals' insistence, he was appointed British Ambassador to France. During Napoleon's Hundred Days, he left Paris and was in Brussels at the start of the Waterloo Campaign, where during his stay he attended the Duchess of Richmond's Ball.[3] After the fall of Napoleon, he escorted the exiled French King Louis XVIII back to Paris, and became British Ambassador there until 1824. From 1825 to 1826 he was once more Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Portugal and Brazil. He was created Count of Machico in 1825 by John VI of Portugal and Marquess of Angra in Brazil in 1826 by Maria II of Portugal, and was a Knight of the Portuguese Order of the Tower and Sword.[1] In 1825 the Portuguese King John VI named Stuart his plenipotentiary with powers to negotiate and sign with Brazil a Treaty on the recognition of that country's independence. Invested with those powers, Stuart signed the treaty recognising Brazilian independence on 29 August 1825, and on 15 November of the same year the Portuguese King ratified the treaty. In January 1828 he was once again appointed Ambassador to France and was raised to the peerage Baron Stuart de Rothesay, of the Isle of Bute, at the same time.[4] He continued as Ambassador to France until November 1830.[5] In 1841 he was made Ambassador to Russia, a post he held until 1844.[1] AwardsHe was appointed a Knight of the Order of the Bath (KB) in 1812[6] and sworn of the Privy Council in 1814.[7] In 1815 he was made a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB)[8] Personal lifeLord Stuart de Rothesay married Lady Elizabeth Margaret, daughter of Philip Yorke, 3rd Earl of Hardwicke, on 6 February 1816. They had two daughters:
Highcliffe Castle{{main article|Highcliffe Castle}}Early retirement from the diplomatic service meant he start on a project to build a new family home. By 1830 he had purchased much of the eastern end of the estate, at Highcliffe, Dorset. Previously had been owned by his forebears, the estate had been sold by his father.{{sfn|Highcliffe Castle staff|2012}} He engaged William Donthorne, a founder member of the Royal Institute of British Architects, to design a new Highcliffe Castle. The castle is built on an L shaped plan, oriented on a south-east axis, so the oriel window is central on the south east elevation, providing a vista across the landscaped gardens to a panorama of the needles and Isle of Wight. Used in the building of the house was carved medieval stonework from the Norman Benedictine Abbey of St Peter at Jumieges and from the Grande Maison des Les Andelys. Both of these buildings had fallen into disrepair after the French Revolution. Also included in the castle, were a 16th-century oriel window and a stained glass window. Later lifeAfter the Castle was completed, Charles became Ambassador to Russia in 1841. However ill-health caused his return to England and he died at Highcliffe in November 1845, aged 66, when the barony became extinct. He was buried at St Mark's Church, Highcliffe and his memorial can still be seen there. Lady Stuart de Rothesay remained a widow until her death in June 1867.[1] References1. ^1 2 3 thepeerage.com Charles Stuart, 1st and last Baron Stuart de Rothesay 2. ^Online Archive of California "Charles Stuart de Rothesay" Online reference http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf3p300592 3. ^{{harv|De Ros|2005}} 4. ^{{London Gazette |issue=18433 |date=18 January 1828 |page=122 }} 5. ^{{London Gazette |issue= 18755 |date=10 December 1830 |page=2579 }} 6. ^{{London Gazette |issue=16650 |date=26 September 1812 |page=1966 }} 7. ^{{London Gazette |issue=16938 |date=24 September 1814 |page=1913 }} 8. ^{{London Gazette |issue= 16972 |date=4 January 1815 |page=18 }} References{{commons category|Charles Stuart, 1st Baron Stuart de Rothesay}}
to Portugal and Brazil | years = 1810–1814 }}{{s-aft| after = Thomas Sydenham }}{{succession box | title=British Ambassador to France | before=The Duke of Wellington | after=The Viscount Granville | years=1815–1824}}{{succession box| title=British Ambassador to France | before=The Viscount Granville | after=The Viscount Granville | years=1828–1830}}{{succession box| title=British Ambassador to Russia | before=The Marquess of Clanricarde | after=Hon. John Bloomfield | years=1841–1844}}{{s-reg|uk}}{{s-new | creation}}{{s-ttl | title = Baron Stuart de Rothesay | years = 1828–1845 }}{{s-non | reason = Extinct }}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Stuart De Rothesay, Charles Stuart, 1st Baron}} 15 : 1779 births|1845 deaths|Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom|Peers of the United Kingdom created by George IV|Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath|Knights of the Order of the Tower and Sword|Diplomatic peers|Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to France|Stuart of Bute family|Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom|Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Portugal|Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Russia|Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Brazil|Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to the Netherlands|Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Spain |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。