“Chevron Reef”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Located north of the El Segundo jetty and two hundred yards south of the Hyperion sewage treatment plant 1-mile outfall, known locally as "The Shitpipe",^[2] the reef lies approximately one hundred yards offshore in fifteen feet of water.

History

In 1984, the California Coastal Commission approved a proposed 900-foot jetty to protect a marine terminal and underwater pipelines at a Chevron facility in El Segundo, California. The Surfrider Foundation fought the decision and an agreement was made that the company would pay $300,000 to build an artificial surfing reef if it could be proved that the jetty caused a substantial decrease in surfable waves.^[3]

Research demonstrating the jetty's negative effect on surf quality was completed in 1994, but the $300,000 from Chevron took until 1999 to be paid out. Plans proceeded and the reef was dubbed Pratte's Reef in honor of Surfrider co-founder Thomas Pratte, who had been influential in fighting the Chevron jetty approval and died in 1994. In the fall of 2000, 110 geotextile bags were dropped into the water to create the artificial reef. It did not have as much of an effect as hoped and an additional $200,000 grant from the California Coastal Conservancy was secured to fund adding another 90 bags at the site in spring 2001.^[4]

In retrospect, the reef was not large enough to focus the swells into nicely breaking waves.^[5] Surfrider environmental director Chad Nelsen said in an interview that "when the surf gets big, it breaks outside the reef" but noted that the reef used the greatest volume of sand it could within budget constraints.^[6]

References

1. ^{{Cite news|first=Jon |last=Cohen |title=Making Waves |url=https://www.wired.com/wired/archive/7.08/kahuna.html |work=Wired |date = August 1999|accessdate=2007-11-11 }}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.surfline.com/surf-report/shitpipe-southern-california_4896/ |title=Shitpipe |publisher=Surfline.com |archivedate=April 16, 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5xzARhhJj?url=http://www.surfline.com/surf-report/shitpipe-southern-california_4896/ |deadurl=yes |df= }}
3. ^{{Cite news |first=Jim |last=Benning |title=Surfing // Wave of the future |url=http://outside.away.com/outside/magazine/200102/200102disp4.html |work=Outside |date=February 2001 |accessdate=2007-11-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20051121162549/http://outside.away.com/outside/magazine/200102/200102disp4.html |archivedate=2005-11-21 |df= }}
4. ^{{Cite news|first=Garrison |last=Frost |title=The Lessons of Pratte's Reef |url=http://www.theaesthetic.com/NewFiles/prattes.html |work=The Aesthetic |date=2003-04-13 |accessdate=2007-11-11 }}
5. ^{{Cite news|first=Lee |last=Peterson |title=Experts: 'Size matters' in creating a surf reef |url=http://www.calcoast.org/news/coast0050118.html |work=Los Angeles Daily Breeze |date=2005-01-18 |accessdate=2007-11-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050924185613/http://www.calcoast.org/news/coast0050118.html |archivedate=September 24, 2005 }}
6. ^{{Cite news|title=Artificial Surf Reefs? |url=http://surfermag.com/features/oneworld/reefnelson/ |work=Surfer |date= |accessdate=2007-11-11 |quote=When the surf gets big, it breaks outside the reef. But we only had a limited amount of money to work on Pratte's, so we built the biggest thing we could, and we built it on the cheap. We got a lot of deals and good will to build that thing, but it's way too small. }}
7. ^{{Cite news|first=Evan |last=Fontaine |title=SANDBAGGED After years of unspectacular closeouts, Pratte's Reef is removed from El Segundo |url=http://www.surfline.com/surf-news/after-years-of-unspectacular-closeouts-prattes-reef-is-removed-from-el-segundo-sandbagged_19261/ |work=Surfline |date=2008-10-11 |accessdate=2012-03-05 }}

Location

History

References

External links