| 词条 | Chivor | ||||||||
| 释义 |
|settlement_type = Town and municipality |name = Chivor |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = Beryl-Calcite-Pyrite-62617.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = Chivor is world-famous for its emeralds |image_flag = Flag of Chivor (Boyacá).svg |image_shield = |image_map = Colombia - Boyaca - Chivor.svg |map_size = 250px |map_caption = Location of the town and municipality of Chivor in Boyacá Department |pushpin_map = Colombia |pushpin_mapsize = 300 |pushpin_map_caption = Location in Colombia |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{flag|Colombia}} |subdivision_type1 = Department |subdivision_name1 = Boyacá |subdivision_type2 = Province |subdivision_name2 = Eastern Boyacá Province |government_type = Municipality |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Carlos Hernando Perilla Aldana (2016-2019) |established_title = Founded |established_date = 16 December 1930 |founder = Florencio Novoa |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 108.36 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = 9.9 |area_metro_km2 = |population_as_of = 2015 |population_note = |population_total = 1795 |population_urban = 486 |population_density_km2 = auto |coordinates = {{coord|4|53|N|73|22|W|region:CO|display=inline,title}} |elevation_m = 1800 |area_code = |website = Official website |footnotes = }} Chivor is a town and municipality in the Eastern Boyacá Province, part of the Colombian department of Boyacá. The mean temperature of the village in the Tenza Valley is {{convert|18|C|F}} and Chivor is located at {{convert|215|km|mi}} from the department capital Tunja.[1] Chivor is world-famous for its emeralds. BordersBordered to the north with the municipality of Macanal; to the south with Ubalá, Cundinamarca, on the east with the municipality of Santa María, and the west by the municipality of Almeida.[1] EtymologyChivor comes from Chibcha and means "Our farmfields - our mother" or "Green and rich land". The latter refers to the rich emerald deposits.[2] HistoryChivor was inhabited by the Muisca in the times before the Spanish conquest. The Muisca were organized in their loose Muisca Confederation with northern ruler the zaque of Hunza and the southern zipa in Bacatá. Already in those times the rich emerald deposits were known and mined by the Muisca. The emeralds functioned as offer pieces in the Muisca religion, as decoration and as money. The emerald deposits of Chivor were discovered by Spanish conquistador Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada in 1537 but the mines were abandoned until 1886.[3] Modern Chivor was not founded until December 16, 1930 by Florencio Novoa.[1] EconomyMain economical activities of Chivor are agriculture (maize, yuca, bananas, sugarcane, beans, guatilla, coffee and fruits such as papayas, blackberries and the typical Colombian fruits lulo and tree tomatoes) and especially the emerald mining.[1] Only in 2014 emeralds worth 30 million US dollars were extracted in Boyacá. The rich deposists have led to numerous conflicts in the region, including in Chivor.[4] The Gran Esmeralda de Moctezuma ("Great Emerald of Moctezuma") is a mineral of {{convert|21|cm|in}} high, {{convert|17|cm|in}} long and {{convert|16|cm|in}} thick and has been found in Chivor. Currently the emerald is in Vienna, Austria. Other grand emeralds from Chivor are Patricia weighing 632 carats ({{convert|126.4|g|oz}}), and La Magnífica of 1225 carats ({{convert|245|g|oz}}).[5] The Embalse la Esmeralda ("Emerald reservoir") producing hydroelectric energy is governed from Chivor, Macanal and Almeida. {{clearboth}}GallerySee also
References1. ^1 2 3 {{es}} Official website Chivor 2. ^{{es}} Etymology Chivor - Excelsio.net 3. ^{{es}} Emerald deposits in Boyacá 4. ^{{es}} 30 million US dollars of emeralds in 2014 in Boyacá - El Espectador 5. ^{{es}} Gran Esmeralda de Moctezuma and other large emeralds from Chivor - Semana Further reading
External links
7 : Municipalities of Boyacá Department|Populated places in the Boyacá Department|Populated places established in 1930|1930 establishments in Colombia|Muisca Confederation|Muysccubun|Colombian emeralds |
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