“Bury F.C.”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Bury Football Club is an English professional association football club based in Bury, Greater Manchester, England. The first-team compete in EFL League Two, the fourth tier of the English football league system, having been relegated from EFL League One in May 2018. Founded in 1885, the club has been a member of the English Football League (EFL) since 1894. The team, known as "The Shakers", play in white shirts and navy blue shorts. Gigg Lane, one of the world's oldest football grounds, has been the club's home venue since 1885. The club's location leads to local derby games with numerous clubs, with fiercer rivalries being held with Lancashire clubs Bolton Wanderers, Oldham Athletic and Rochdale.

Having helped to found the Lancashire League in 1889, they were crowned champions in the 1890–91 and 1891–92 seasons, before being elected to the Football League in 1894. They won the Second Division title in 1894–95 and won their test match to secure promotion into the First Division. They remained in the top-flight for 17 seasons, winning the FA Cup in 1900 with a 4–0 victory over Southampton and again in 1903 with a 6–0 win over Derby County – this remains a record winning margin in an FA Cup final. They were relegated at the end of the 1911–12 season, before securing promotion again in 1923–24. Relegated out of the top-flight again in 1928–29, they dropped into the third tier in 1956–57, before winning promotion as champions of the Third Division under the stewardship of Dave Russell in 1960–61. From 1967 to 1971 they were promoted once and relegated three times to find themselves in the Fourth Division for the first time.

Bury won promotion at the end of the 1973–74 campaign, and though they were relegated in 1979–80, they secured promotion again five seasons later. Relegated into the fourth tier in 1991–92, manager Stan Ternent led the club back to the second tier for the first time in 28 years after securing two consecutive promotions in 1995–96 and 1996–97 – winning promotion as champions in the latter campaign. They remained there for just two seasons and were relegated twice in four seasons, before securing promotion out of League Two in 2010–11. Since then they have switched between League Two and League One, being promoted in 2014–15 and suffering relegations in 2012–13 and 2017–18.

History

Formation and early years (1885–1895)

Bury Football Club was founded on 24 April 1885 by Aiden Arrowsmith, who had brokered two meetings between church teams called the Bury Wesleyans and Bury Unitarians at the Waggon & Horses Hotel and the White Horse Hotel.^[1] It was agreed from the outset that the team should be professional. The FA had recently legitimised professionalism but it was still a controversial topic. Ahead of the 1885–86 season, the club leased a plot of land on Gigg Lane from the Earl of Derby's estate.^[2] On 12 September 1885, the first match played there was a friendly against a team from Wigan and Bury won 4–3.^[1] Bury first entered the FA Cup in 1887–88. Drawn to play Blackburn Rovers away from home, they withdrew and Blackburn were awarded a walkover to the next round.^[3]

Bury were founder members of the Lancashire League in 1889, finishing as runners-up in the inaugural 1889–90 competition. They won the championship in both of the next two seasons.^[4] In 1891–92, Bury were Lancashire Cup winners for the first time,^[5] and they have won this competition a total of eleven times, most recently in 2017–18.^[6]

The club's nickname is "The Shakers". According to the club website, the nickname was first used at the 1892 Lancashire Cup final against Everton. Before the match, J. T. Ingham, who was the club's chairman-cum-manager, reportedly inspired the players by saying: "We shall shake 'em! In fact, we are the Shakers". His words were popularised by the media and the club subsequently adopted "The Shakers" as their official nickname.^[7]

Bury first contested the FA Cup in 1891–92 when they defeated two Blackburn-based teams, Witton and Heywood Central, before losing to Blackpool after a replay in the third qualifying round.^[3]

Bury were elected to the Football League in 1894.^[8] In their first season, 1894–95, they won the Second Division title by a nine-point margin and beat Liverpool, the First Division's bottom club, in the test match to gain promotion.^[9]

1895–1929

Bury retained their top-flight status for seventeen seasons until they were relegated to the Second Division after the 1911–12 season (they should have been relegated after the 1904–05 season but gained a reprieve when the capacity of Division One was increased from eighteen to twenty clubs).^[4] In 1900 and 1903, Bury won the FA Cup, scoring ten goals in the two finals without conceding any.^[4]

In the 1900 final, they beat Southern League team Southampton by four goals to nil.^[10] Bury's run to the final was remarkable in that they were drawn away from home in every round but won through with victories over Burnley, Notts County, cup holders Sheffield United and Nottingham Forest. The semi-final against Forest was played at Stoke and ended 1–1 after Bury missed a penalty. A replay was held at Bramall Lane in Sheffield and Bury began disastrously by conceding two goals in the first two minutes. Charlie Sagar pulled one back after 55 minutes and then Jasper McLuckie equalised with only five minutes to go. Extra time was played and Sagar scored the winner after 110 minutes of play. The final at the old Crystal Palace ground was played in a heatwave and Bury, captained by Jack Pray, dominated from the start. The goals in a one-sided match were scored by McLuckie (2), Willie Wood and John Plant. The players were on a win bonus of £10 each in the final, ten times more than their usual £1 per match bonus.^[11]

Until 1907, the team was always managed by one or more members of the club committee. The first specialist team manager was goalkeeper Archie Montgomery who was appointed on 1 February 1907. He was in charge when the team were relegated in 1912 and stayed on until 30 April 1915 when he was dismissed because of the club's lack of income in wartime.^[18]

The club had a windfall in 1922 when Edward Stanley, 17th Earl of Derby, unexpectedly gifted them with the freehold of Gigg Lane. The team returned to the First Division for a five-season spell in 1924 and achieved their highest-ever league position, fourth, in 1925–26.^[4] Relegated back to the Second Division in 1929, Bury have not played in the top flight since then.

1929–1969

Striving to recover First Division status, Bury had four top six finishes in Division Two in the 1930s. The closest that they have ever come to a top flight return was in 1936–37 when they finished third (only the first two teams were promoted).^[4]

Bury took part in wartime competition and, like all other clubs, often relied on guest players because of service calls. They had a successful season in 1939–40 and won the North West Regional League Championship.^[13] The team went on a roll through October to February when were unbeaten in a sequence of sixteen matches.^[14] On 30 December 1939, they played a friendly against Stoke City which resulted in a 7–6 win for Bury (and, on the same day, Stockport County defeated Bradford Park Avenue 7–4).^[14]

Bury were effectively Second Division survivors for many years after the war as they were close to relegation a number of times, especially in the 1950s. They finally dropped into the Third Division North for the first time in 1957. 1957–58 was that division's last season before the regional sections were amalgamated into national Third and Fourth Divisions.^[4]

Under manager Dave Russell, a young Bury team were Third Division champions in 1960–61.^[4] They spent seven of the next eight seasons back in the Second Division with a best position of eighth in 1962–63.^[4] In the 1962–63 Football League Cup, they reached the semi-final but lost 4–3 on aggregate to eventual winners Birmingham City.^[4] For three seasons from 1963, Bury's best player was the future England midfielder Colin Bell, who was team captain while still a teenager. He transferred to Manchester City in 1966 and Bury were relegated the following season. They did bounce straight back as Third Division runners-up in 1968 but were relegated again in 1969.^[4]

1969–1999

In 1971, relegation from Division Three took Bury into the Fourth Division for the first time. They were promoted again in 1974 and spent six seasons in the Third Division before the next relegation.^[4] The club celebrated its centenary in 1985 by gaining promotion back to the Third Division.^[4]

Bury came close to promotion from the Third Division in both 1990 and 1991 when they finished fifth and seventh respectively to qualify for the play-offs. They were eliminated at the semi-final stage in both play-offs, losing 2–0 on aggregate to Tranmere Rovers in 1990 and 2–1 on aggregate to neighbours Bolton Wanderers in 1991.^[4] Relegation followed in 1992 and then Bury qualified for the fourth tier play-off in 1993 by finishing seventh but, yet again, lost their semi-final tie by going down 1–0 on aggregate to York City. Bury were back in the play-offs again in 1995 after finishing fourth. This time, they won their semi-final by beating Preston North End 2–0 on aggregate and so went to Wembley for the final, where they lost 2–0 to Chesterfield.^[4]

The club then enjoyed a resurgence under manager Stan Ternent who engineered two successive promotions in the mid-1990s. In 1996, third place in what was now the fourth tier Division Three, followed by the third tier Division Two title in 1996–97 brought Bury back to the second tier for the first time in thirty years.^[4] They were relegated back to the third tier on the last day of the 1998–99 season on the basis of having a lower goals scored total than Port Vale, the League having decided to use this form of tie-breaker over goal difference as its tie-breaker. Bury's goal difference was higher than that of Port Vale, and the League reinstated goal difference as the tie-breaker for the following season.

1999–present day

In 2001–02, financial problems caused by the collapse of ITV Digital brought the club into administration and to the brink of folding.^[15]^[16] A supporters' campaign raised enough money to keep the club afloat,^[17]^[18] and in recognition of his role within that process, UEFA presented club press officer Gordon Sorfleet with their Best Supporter award for 2001–02.^[19]^[20] Bury were relegated to fourth tier Division Three at the end of that season.^[4] They finished seventh in 2003 and qualified for the play-offs but, yet again, their semi-final hoodoo struck and they were beaten 3–1 on aggregate by Bournemouth.^[4]

In May 2005, Bury became the first (and to date the only) football club to score a thousand goals in each of the top four tiers of the English football league.^[21] A year later, in December 2006, the club was expelled from the FA Cup after they were found to have fielded an ineligible player in a second-round replay win against Chester City – it was the first-ever expulsion in FA Cup history.^[22] In addition to that debacle, the team's 2006–07 league form was poor and they eventually finished in 21st place, the club's lowest-ever position, narrowly avoiding relegation from the Football League.^[4]

In the 2008–09 season, newly appointed manager Alan Knill, a former Bury player, led the team to a fourth place finish. They had missed automatic promotion by a single goal and then, in the play-off semi-final, they were beaten on penalties by Shrewsbury Town after a 1–1 aggregate draw.^[4] Towards the end of the 2010–11 season, with the team chasing promotion, both Knill and his assistant Chris Brass left the club to take over at Scunthorpe United.^[23] Youth team manager Richie Barker took over as caretaker manager and was able to secure the club's promotion to League One, the team finishing second.^[24]

In December 2012, Bury were placed under a transfer embargo after falling into financial difficulty as a result of poor attendance figures,^[25] and ended up being relegated at the end of the season. They finished the 2014–15 League Two season in third place with a club-record points haul of 85 and earned promotion back to third tier League One where they spent the next three seasons.^[4] The team finished bottom of the 2017–18 EFL League One table and were relegated back to League Two for the second time in five seasons.^[4]

In May 2018, the former Bury striker Ryan Lowe was appointed first team manager on a two-year contract having been caretaker-manager twice during 2017–18 after two other managers were sacked.^[26]

In June 2018, Lee Dykes became the club's first sporting director and he has introduced a youth development strategy designed to fast-track academy players into the first team at the earliest opportunity.^[27] Businessman Steve Dale bought the club in December 2018^[28] and, in February 2019, ensured that an outstanding tax bill was paid in full to prevent HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) from seeking a winding-up order.^[29]

Having three times reached the northern semi-final stage of the EFL Trophy in its earlier incarnations, Bury in the 2018–19 tournament advanced to the national semi-final where they lost 0–3 at home to Portsmouth.^[30]

Colours and crest

The club's colours have always been navy blue and white. Originally, the team wore a striped shirt with blue shorts but the stripes were replaced by the long-established all-white shirt before the club joined the Football League in 1894. There was an exception in the 1962–63 season when a mistake was made by the club's kit suppliers who sent a consignment of royal blue shorts before the season instead of the usual navy blue. As manager Bob Stokoe commented at the time, the club could have sent them back but decided to keep them for the season. Stokoe joked that royal blue "would tone with the Gigg Lane paintwork".^[31]

Stadium

Bury have played at Gigg Lane since 1885 when they rented the plot from the Earl of Derby's estate soon after the club's foundation. The first Football League match played there was on 8 September 1894 when Bury defeated Manchester City 4–2.^[32] A floodlit match took place in 1889 but there were no permanent lights until 1953. Until the 1990s when a complete rebuild became necessary, the capacity of the ground was 35,000. That total was achieved when Bury hosted an FA Cup third round tie against neighbouring Bolton Wanderers on 9 January 1960. The game ended 1–1, but Bury lost the replay 4–2 after extra time.^[32]

Gigg Lane was rebuilt in the 1990s and now has a capacity of 11,840 all seated. All four stands are covered. The Main Stand, also called the Family Stand, is along one side and houses the club offices and dressing rooms. To its right is the Manchester Road End which houses away supporters. The Les Hart Stand is opposite the Main Stand and adjoins the Cemetery End, left of the Main Stand. The Cemetery End was the last part of the rebuilt stadium to be completed, in 1999.^[33]

For sponsorship purposes, Gigg Lane was renamed the JD Stadium in November 2013 after Bury announced a new sponsorship deal with JD Sports.^[34] In 2017, it was renamed the Energy Check Stadium as part of another sponsorship.^[33] On 18 February 2018, it was announced that the ground is to be officially renamed the Planet-U Energy Stadium after Bury concluded a five-year sponsorship deal with the Leeds-based renewable energy supplier. The stadium will be powered by 100 per cent renewable energy.^[35]

The crest on the shirt is a representation of the coat of arms granted to the former County Borough of Bury by the College of Arms on 28 February 1877. This depicts the town's industrial heritage with images in the shield of an anvil, a fleece, shuttles and a papyrus plant which respectively represent forging, wool, cotton and paper. It bears the inscription Vincit Omnia Industria (work conquers all).^[36]

Players

Current squad

The following players are currently active members of the club's first team squad, including three players on loan from other British clubs.^[37]

Out on loan

The following players are currently on loan to other clubs throughout Great Britain.^[38]

Coaching staff

First team management

Academy management

Managerial history

The club was founded in 1884 but there is no record of anyone managing the team until Tom Hargreaves, who was a committee member, in 1890.^[40] One or more committee members took team responsibility until the appointment of erstwhile goalkeeper Archie Montgomery in 1907 as the first specialist team manager.^[40] Montgomery was dismissed during World War One for financial reasons but the first manager to be sacked for poor results was James Hunter-Thompson in February 1927, even though his team had achieved the club's highest-ever league position, finishing fourth in 1925–26.^[40]

With Bury consigned to the lower leagues from the 1970s onwards, there have been several sackings as successive managers were unable to

regain Second Division status. A measure of success was finally achieved in the late 1990s when Stan Ternent inspired the team to successive promotions from fourth tier to third in 1995–96 and, as champions, from third to second in 1996–97. He left in 1998 to take over at Burnley and, a couple of seasons later, Bury were back in the lower league where they have stayed amid worrying financial issues.^[40] The club had a disastrous season in 2017–18 when the team finished bottom of League One and two managers were sacked. The club's former striker Ryan Lowe took full charge in May 2018, having twice been caretaker in 2017–18.^[26]

Honours

League championships

Cup competitions

Other tournaments

Records and statistics

English football records

Club records

Rivalries

Bury's location is in close proximity to several other Football League clubs and so, in any season, they are likely to play at least one "derby" match (e.g., Oldham Athletic in 2018–19). Traditionally, Bury's main rivalry has always been with their nearest neighbour Bolton Wanderers. From the late 1990s until 2016–17, however, the two clubs rarely met as Bolton were in the Premier League or the Championship for many seasons while Bury were in the lower divisions. The head-to-head record between them is thirty wins each and nineteen draws.^[45] In recent years, matches between Bury and Rochdale have been dubbed the "M66 Derby"^[46] and their head-to-head record is 26 wins by Bury and 21 wins by Rochdale with 21 draws.^[47]

References

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36. ^Geoffrey Briggs, Civic and Corporate Heraldry, London, 1971
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