| 词条 | Cichla orinocensis |
| 释义 |
| name = Cichla orinocensis | image = Pesca Esportiva na Amazônia 16.JPG | image2 = Peacock bass.jpg | image2_caption = Adult above, juvenile below | taxon = Cichla orinocensis | authority = Humboldt, 1821 }} Cichla orinocensis, sometimes known as the Orinoco peacock bass, is a very large species of cichlid. This peacock bass is native to the Rio Negro and Orinoco River basins in northern South America.[1] It mainly occurs in blackwater rivers.[2] Despite the name, it is not the only peacock bass in the Orinoco, as the river also is home to C. intermedia, C. nigromaculata, and C. temensis.[2] Where it overlaps with the last species, C. orinocensis prefers more slow-moving and shallow waters.[3] They are able to tolerate more turbid waters than other species of peacock bass. It reaches up to about {{convert|62|cm|ft|abbr=on|0}} in standard length.[1] Adults are easily recognized by the three large gold-edged dark spots on the side of their body (a fourth spot on the tail) and lack of dark markings on the operculum.[2][3] A genetic study has indicated a clear divergence between the Orinoco and Rio Negro populations. If split, the Orinoco would retain the scientific name C. orinocensis.[4] References1. ^1 {{FishBase |genus= Cichla |species= orinocensis |month= October |year= 2017}} {{commons category|Cichla orinocensis}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q3752864}}2. ^1 2 {{cite journal|last=Kullander|first=Sven|author2=Efrem Ferreira|title=A review of the South American cichlid genus Cichla, with descriptions of nine new species (Teleostei: Cichlidae)|journal=Ichthyological Explorations of Freshwaters|year=2006|volume=17|issue=4}} 3. ^1 {{cite web | title='Borboleto'—Cichla orinocensis | url=http://www.acuteangling.com/amazon-gamefish-science/peacock-bass-species-guide/taxonomy-2003/cichla-orinocensis.html | publisher=Acute Angling | accessdate=17 October 2017 }} 4. ^{{cite journal | authors=Willis; Nunes; Montaña; Farias; and Lovejoy | year=2007 | title=Systematics, biogeography, and evolution of the Neotropical peacock basses Cichla (Perciformes: Cichlidae) | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume=44 | pages=291–307 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2006.12.014 }} 4 : Cichla|Cichlid fish of South America|Fish described in 1821|Taxa named by Alexander von Humboldt |
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