“Cinnamon sugar”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Cinnamon sugar is a mixture of ground cinnamon and granulated sugar used as a spice to flavor foods such as Belgian waffles, Snickerdoodle cookies, tortillas, coffee cake, French toast, and churros.

This spice mixture has not only been used to flavor funnel cakes and other treats, but it has been mentioned in patents and as part of recipes.^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14] The latter is where many results of the term derive, as the term "cinnamon sugar" is often used in cookbooks.^[15]^[16]^[17]^[18]^[19] This spice mixture has also been mentioned as an example of sign language, used scientific studies about bean flour, a natural remedy of cinnamon sugar to "treat" dermatitis, and others, while being part of the promotional materials of companies like King Arthur Flour.^[20]^[21]^[22]^[23] There is currently a propellant developed for astronauts which has the moniker of "cinnamon sugar."^[24]^[25]

Poems have mentioned the spice mixture as well, like Nancy Gillespie Westerfield's 1976 work, which talks about how the main character toasted her bread with the spice mixture, reminding her of "sweet things" from her girlhood or Mel Vavra's 2001 work, which poses the protagonist as "a Cinnamon-Sugar girl."^[26]^[27]

While in the United States cinnamon and sugar are "often used to flavour cereals, bread-based dishes, and fruits, especially apples," in the Middle East cinnamon is "often used in savory dishes of chicken and lamb" and in the preparation of chocolate in Mexico.^[28] Even so, in South Africa there is a famous dessert pastry called melktert which is "lightly flavoured with cinnamon sugar."^[29]

History

While it is not known when the term "cinnamon sugar" first came about, Google's Ngram Viewer shows that the term was first used in 1858 (until 1865), used again from 1871 to 1881, and consistently from 1909 to the present.^[30] Some books, like Bernard Fantus's "Candy Medication" in 1915, fall within these search results, where he writes about "red cinnamon sugar" as one of the products created for medical purposes.^[31] But others, like an 1891 book of vegetarian cooking, do not. The latter book, in describing a recipe for apple custard, describes how "a little cinnamon sugar can be shaken over the top" is the appropriate topping.^[32] Apart from this, one of the earliest uses of the term "cinnamon sugar" is within the "book of cookery" used by Martha Washington and her descendants, purchased by the Historical Society of Pennsylvania in 1892, its original date not known.^[33] In a recipe for stewing warden's pears, the spice mixture is directly mentioned: "Boyle them first in faire water, then pare & stew them between 2 dishes of cinnamon sugar and rose water, or the same seasoning you may put them in a pie and bake them."

In 1846, Charles Elme Francatelli, a British cook of Italian descent, published a cookbook in which he described shaking "some cinnamon sugar" on the surface of "cherry bread" (a British bread), German "Kouglauff," a German tourte of apricots, and on a brown-bread souffle.^[34] 18 years later, in 1865, J.E. Tilton's cookbook talked about how the create the spice mixture, recommended that it be on eggs, and baked with as a possible replacement of "vanilla sticks."^[35] By 1881 J.E. Thompson Gill's cookbook still recommended how the mix could be made, but recommended it be applied on pound cakes instead.^[36] 17 years later, in 1898, a cooking encyclopedia would refer to the spice mixture when talking about cinnamon sticks and other desserts.^[37] Years later, in 1907, Hotel Monthly published a cookbook that mentioned cinnamon sugar as a topping for French Baba, a type of cake.^[38] This was followed by the National Baker writing, in 1913, about the sprinkling of this mixture on "Parisian Cake."^[39]

During the 1920s and 1930s, the term "cinnamon sugar" would be mainly in reference to cooking, primarily recommended as a garnish on desserts.^[40]^[41] While this spice mixture was mentioned in The New Zealand Journal of Agriculture in 1955, it would primarily appear in U.S.-publications, like the Illinois Rural Electric News in 1959, American Home in 1964, and the American Sugar Crystal Company's Crystal-ized Facts in 1967.^[42]^[43]^[44]^[45] In the 1970s and 1980s, the spice mixture was integrated into many cookbooks, and other publications, becoming a common topping for dessert dishes.^[46]^[47]^[48]^[49]^[50]^[51]^[52]^[53]^[54]^[55]^[56] By the early 1990s, cinnamon sugar was part of books about early childhood education and in a cookbook of the fraternity Beta Sigma Phi.^[57]^[58]

In the 21st Century, while the term has remained as staple of cookbooks, mostly when it comes to desserts, it has also been mentioned by some in the field of natural skin care.^[59]^[60]^[61]^[62]^[63]^[64]^[65]

References

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31. ^{{cite book |last=Fantus |first=Bernard |date=1915 |title=Candy Medication |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/44295/44295-h/44295-h.htm |location=St. Louis, Missouri |publisher=C.V. Mosby Company |page=74 |isbn= |author-link= }}
32. ^{{cite book |last=Payne |first=A.G. |title=Cassell's Vegetarian Cookery: A Manual of Cheap and Wholesome Diet. |chapter-url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/14594/14594-h/14594-h.htm |location=London |publisher=Cassell & Company, Limited |date=1891 |chapter=Chapter III. Savoury Rice, Macaroni, Oatmeal &c. Rice |isbn= }}
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35. ^{{cite book |last1=Tilton |first1=J.E. |date=1865 |title=The Art of Confectionery: With Various Methods of Preserving Fruits and Fruit Juices; the Preparation of Jams and Jellies; Fruit and Other Syrups; Summer Beverages, and Directions for Making Dessert Cakes. Also Different Methods of Making Ice Cream, Sherbet, Etc. These Receipts are from the Best New York, Philadelphia, and Boston Confectioners, and Include a Large Number from the French and Other Foreign Nations |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4hALAAAAIAAJ |location=Boston |publisher=J.E. Tilton & Company |pages=44, 169, 208–9 |isbn= }}
36. ^{{cite book |last1=Gill |first1=J. Thompson |date=1881 |title=The Complete Bread, Cake and Cracker Baker |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xr1EAQAAMAAJ |location=Chicago |publisher=J. Thompson Gill |pages=96, 168 |isbn= }}
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41. ^{{cite book |last1= |first1= |date=1937 |title=Hospital Purchasing File |url=https://books.google.com/?id=BdQhAQAAMAAJ&q=%22cinnamon+sugar%22&dq=%22cinnamon+sugar%22 |location=Chicago |publisher=Purchasing Files Incorporated |page=757 |isbn= }}
42. ^{{Citation |last= |first= |journal=The New Zealand Journal of Agriculture |volume= |issue= |year=1955 |pages=532, 533 |title=The New Zealand Journal of Agriculture |url=https://books.google.com/?id=6hO4ZDNeqHUC&q=%22cinnamon+sugar%22&dq=%22cinnamon+sugar%22}}
43. ^{{Citation |last= |first= |journal=Illinois Rural Electric News |volume=16-19 |issue= |year=1959 |page=79 |title=Illinois Rural Electric News |url=https://books.google.com/?id=mrgpAQAAMAAJ&q=%22cinnamon+sugar%22&dq=%22cinnamon+sugar%22}}
44. ^{{Citation |last= |first= |journal=American Home |volume=67 |issue=7–12 |year=1964 |pages=532, 533 |title=American Home |url=https://books.google.com/?id=FtgRAQAAMAAJ&q=%22cinnamon+sugar%22&dq=%22cinnamon+sugar%22}}
45. ^{{Citation |last= |first= |journal=Crystal-ized Facts |volume=21 |issue= |year=1967 |pages=36, 37 |title=Crystal-ized Facts |url=https://books.google.com/?id=9RQ2AQAAIAAJ&q=%22cinnamon+sugar%22&dq=%22cinnamon+sugar%22}}
46. ^{{Citation |journal=Food Products Formulary: Tressler, D. K. And Sultan, W. J. Cereals, Baked Goods, Dairy and Egg, Products |volume=2 |issue= |year=1975 |pages=109, 201, 202 |title=Food Products Formulary: Tressler, D. K. and Sultan, W. J. Cereals, baked goods, dairy and egg, products |url=https://books.google.com/?id=Ot9TAAAAMAAJ&q=%22cinnamon+sugar%22&dq=%22cinnamon+sugar%22|isbn= 9780870551703|last1= Komarik|first1= Stephan L.}}
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53. ^{{cite book |last1=Morash |first1=Marian |date=1982 |title=The Victory Garden Cookbook |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-FoWhxSLKJMC |location=Chicago |publisher=Alfred A. Knopf |pages=226, 227, 236 |isbn=978-0-394-50897-9}}
54. ^{{cite book |last1=Petzoldt |first1=Paul |last2=Ringholz |first2=Raye Carleson |date=1984 |title=The New Wilderness Handbook |url=https://books.google.com/?id=OXOkevR7A0QC&pg=PA304&dq=%22cinnamon+sugar%22#v=onepage&q=%22cinnamon%20sugar%22&f=false |location= |publisher=W.W. Norton & Company |page=304 |isbn=978-0-393-30171-7}}
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57. ^{{cite book |last1=Eliason |first1=Claudia Fuhriman |last2=Jenkins |first2=Loa Thomson |date=1990 |title=A practical guide to early childhood curriculum |url=https://books.google.com/?id=u0vzAAAAMAAJ&q=%22cinnamon+sugar%22&dq=%22cinnamon+sugar%22 |location= |publisher=Merrill |page=216 |isbn= 9780675211987}}
58. ^{{cite book |date=1991 |title=The Best of Beta Sigma Phi cookbook |url=https://books.google.com/?id=DzPCDfDjCCIC&q=%22cinnamon+sugar%22&dq=%22cinnamon+sugar%22 |location= |publisher=Favorite Recipes Press |page=216 |isbn= 9780871973061}}
59. ^{{cite book |last=Peters |first=Kris Holechek |date=2013 |title=Vegan Desserts in Jars: Adorably Delicious Pies, Cakes, Puddings, and Much More |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ckD1AgAAQBAJ |location=Berkeley, California |publisher=Ulysses Press |pages=62, 80 |isbn=978-1-61243-225-0}}
60. ^{{cite book |last=Ashburner |first=Gene |date=2013 |title=Invigorating Sugar Scrub Recipes |url=https://books.google.com/?id=GbaKAQAAQBAJ&pg=PT11&dq=%22cinnamon+sugar%22#v=onepage&q=%22cinnamon%20sugar%22&f=false |location= |publisher=Gene Ashburner |page=11 |isbn= }}
61. ^{{cite book |last=Steinback |first=Jyl |date=2002 |title=Cook Once, Eat for a Week |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZmhvLx6xfQkC |location=New York, New York |publisher=Penguin |pages=39, 41, 60, 220, 229 |isbn=978-0-399-52844-6}}
62. ^{{cite book |last1=Moskowitz |first1=Isa Chandra |last2=Romero |first2=Terry Hope |date=2009 |title=Vegan Cookies Invade Your Cookie Jar: 100 Dairy-Free Recipes for Everyone's Favorite Treats |url=https://books.google.com/?id=y4Kv-PnZuUoC&pg=PT60&dq=%22cinnamon+sugar%22#v=onepage&q=%22cinnamon%20sugar%22&f=false |location= |publisher=Da Capo Press |page=60 |isbn= 9780786746040}}
63. ^{{cite book |last=Lampe |first=Ray |date=2007 |title=Dr. BBQ's Big-Time Barbecue Road Trip! |url=https://books.google.com/?id=o7alZwo-TeQC&pg=PA24&dq=%22cinnamon+sugar%22#v=onepage&q=%22cinnamon%20sugar%22&f=false |location=New York, New York |publisher=St. Martin's Press |page=24 |isbn=978-0-312-34958-5}}
64. ^{{cite book |last=Kern |first=Dorothy |date=2014 |title=Dessert Mashups: Tasty Two-in-One Treats Including Sconuts, S'morescake, Chocolate Chip Cookie Pie and Many More |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HErnBAAAQBAJ |location=Berkeley, California |publisher=Ulysses Press |pages=21, 22, 60 |isbn=978-1-61243-365-3}}
65. ^{{cite book |last=Castella |first=Krystina |date=2012 |title=A World of Cake: 150 Recipes for Sweet Traditions from Cultures Near and Far; Honey cakes to flat cakes, fritters to chiffons, tartes to tortes, meringues to mooncakes, fruit cakes to spice cakes |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z20XOWapBCEC |location=Berkeley, California |publisher=Ulysses Press |pages=28, 36, 78, 179, 219 |isbn=978-1-60342-576-6}}