“Clachan Bridge”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Clachan Bridge is a simple, single-arched, hump-backed, masonry bridge spanning the Clachan Sound, {{convert|13|km|mi}} southwest of Oban in Argyll, Scotland. It links the west coast of the Scottish mainland to the island of Seil.

The bridge was originally designed by John Stevenson of Oban (and not by Thomas Telford as sometimes quoted)^[1] and was built between 1792 and 1793 by engineer Robert Mylne. The original design had two arches,^[2] but it was finally built with a single high arch, of roughly {{convert|22|m|ft}} span and about {{convert|12|m|ft}} above the bed of the channel, to allow the passage of vessels of up to {{convert|40|t|LT}} at high tide. The bridge is still in use today, forming part of the B844 road, and is in the care of Historic Scotland.

Because the Clachan Sound connects at both ends to the Atlantic Ocean, and might therefore be considered part of that ocean, the bridge came to be known as the Bridge over the Atlantic.^[2] Such an appellation has also been applied to certain other bridges having similar situations, such as the bridge between Norðskáli and Oyri in the Faroe Islands and between Lewis and Great Bernera in the Outer Hebrides.

Wildlife

The south wall of the bridge has been colonised by fairy foxglove (Erinus alpinus).

Occasionally whales have become trapped in the narrow Clachan Sound. In 1835 a whale measuring {{convert|24|m|ft}} with a lower jaw of {{convert|7|m|ft}} was stranded having become trapped in shallow water and unable to reverse out. In 1837, 192 pilot whales were caught in a similar fashion, the largest being {{convert|8|m|ft}} long.^[3]

References

1. ^{{cite book|first1=R.|last1=Paxton|first2=J.|last2=Shipway|year=2007|series=Civil Engineering Heritage|title=Scotland - Highlands and Islands|location=London|publisher=Thomas Telford Publishing|isbn=9780727734884}}
2. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://www.ambaile.org.uk/en/item/item_photograph.jsp?item_id=43214|title=Bridge over the Atlantic|work=Am Baile}}
3. ^{{cite book|authorlink=W. H. Murray|last=Murray|first=W. H.|year=1977|title=The Companion Guide to the West Highlands of Scotland|location=London|publisher=Collins|edition=7th|isbn=0002168138|page=121}}