“Clacton (UK Parliament constituency)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Clacton is a constituency{{#tag:ref|A county constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)|group= n}} in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament, represented since 2017 by Giles Watling of the Conservative Party.

Boundaries

Following their review of parliamentary representation in Essex, the Boundary Commission created this as a new seat, consisting of essentially the former Harwich constituency, minus the town of Harwich itself and a few nearby villages, plus St. Osyth and Weeley, moved from the old North Essex constituency. Apart from the North Sea it is surrounded by the Harwich and North Essex constituency on all other sides.

This new seat contains the towns of Clacton-on-Sea, Frinton-on-Sea and Walton-on-the-Naze, as well as surrounding villages.

The electoral wards used to form the Clacton constituency are entirely within the district of Tendring

Constituency profile

The new seat is almost completely coastal, comprising seaside resorts along the Tendring peninsula. It shares an inland border with just one constituency – Harwich and North Essex.

Like some other coastal seats, such as Christchurch in Dorset, the electorate is one of the oldest in the country, with a high proportion of retired people, and low numbers of non-White residents. The area has experienced a considerable influx of White British families from areas of East London such as Barking and Dagenham, leading to the town of Clacton becoming known as "Little Dagenham."^[3]

The stark exception is the village of Jaywick, which suffers from extremely high levels of deprivation.

In Both the Indices of deprivation 2010 and 2015, an area of Jaywick was identified as the single most deprived LSOA in all of England, out of around 32,000, with unemployment estimated at almost 50%. Many homes are essentially beach huts and lack basic amenities. In the 2007 Index, this area was the third-most deprived in the country.

Members of Parliament

Election

Member

Party

2010

Douglas Carswell

Conservative

2014 by-election

UKIP

Mar 2017

Independent

Jun 2017

Giles Watling

Conservative

The constituency's Member of Parliament until 3 April 2017, was Douglas Carswell, who had previously sat for the Harwich constituency since gaining that seat for the Conservatives in 2005.

On 28 August 2014, Carswell announced his defection to UKIP.^[4] Although not required to seek re-election following a change of party allegiance, Carswell triggered a by-election, held on 9 October 2014, in which he was elected as the UKIP candidate.^[5] Carswell retained the seat for UKIP at the 2015 general election, seeing his majority cut by roughly three-quarters, with an 11% swing to the Conservatives. Carswell then became UKIP's sole MP in the House of Commons, as Mark Reckless, a fellow Conservative defector, lost his seat.

On 25 March 2017, Carswell announced that he was quitting UKIP to sit as an independent MP,^[6] saying that "I switched to UKIP because I desperately wanted us to leave the EU. Now we can be certain that that is going to happen, I have decided that I will be leaving UKIP".^[7]

After Prime Minister Theresa May called a snap election on 19 April 2017, Carswell announced that he would not stand for re-election, and he endorsed the Conservative Party candidate Giles Watling.^[8] Watling was elected at the 2017 general election; at that election, UKIP's share of the vote fell by 36.8%, one of its largest declines in the country, and the subsequent Conservative victory in Clacton marked the first time every constituency in Essex had returned a Conservative MP since 1987.

Elections

See also

Notes

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=6507826&c=&d=27&e=62&g=6430187&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&o=362&m=0&r=1&s=1422104706393&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2473|title=Clacton: Usual Resident Population, 2011 |website=Neighbourhood Statistics |publisher=Office for National Statistics |accessdate=2 March 2015}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.boundarycommissionforengland.org.uk/electoral-figures/electoral-figures.htm |title=Electorate Figures – Boundary Commission for England |date=4 March 2011 |work=2011 Electorate Figures |publisher=Boundary Commission for England |accessdate=13 March 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101106204053/http://www.boundarycommissionforengland.org.uk/electoral-figures/electoral-figures.htm |archivedate=6 November 2010 |df= }}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://m.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-21511904|title=Why have the white British left London?|publisher=BBC News}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-28967904|title=Tory MP Douglas Carswell defects to UKIP and forces by-election|publisher=BBC News}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-29027997|title=Clacton by-election candidates|publisher=BBC News}}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.talkcarswell.com/home/job-done--thank-ukip/3237 |title=Job done – thank UKIP! |publisher=talkcarswell.com |date=25 March 2017}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39393213|title=Douglas Carswell quitting UKIP to become independent MP for Clacton|date=25 March 2017|via=bbc.co.uk}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39655704|title=Douglas Carswell will not stand in general election|date=20 April 2017|via=bbc.co.uk}}
9. ^{{cite web|title=Statement of Persons Nominated – Clacton Constituency|url=http://www.tendringdc.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/council/elections%20%26%20voting/parliamentaryJune2017/Statement%20of%20Persons%20Nominated%20080617.pdf|website=Tendring District Council|accessdate=12 May 2017}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-essex-39672433|title=Knife death mother in MP election bid for Clacton|date=21 April 2017|via=bbc.com}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.conservativehome.com/parliament/2017/05/exclusive-farris-completes-saffron-walden-shortlist-trouble-in-wales-latest-selections-news.html|title=Norfolk North and Penistone & Stocksbridge choose their candidates. Latest selection news. – Conservative Home}}
12. ^{{cite web|title=Election Data 2015|url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2015.txt|publisher=Electoral Calculus|accessdate=17 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017112223/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2015.txt|archivedate=17 October 2015}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics/constituencies/E14000642|title=Clacton parliamentary constituency – Election 2015 – BBC News|via=bbc.co.uk}}
14. ^{{cite news|last1=Lodge|first1=Will|title=Clacton: Carswell strolls to victory for UKIP at Clacton by-election|accessdate=12 October 2014|work=East Anglian Daily Times|date=16 September 2014|url=http://www.eadt.co.uk/news/clacton_douglas_carswell_strolls_to_victory_for_ukip_at_clacton_by_election_1_3801404}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.eadt.co.uk/news/politics-old/poll_is_clacton_a_town_that_s_going_nowhere_1_3760753|title=Poll: Is Clacton a town that’s going nowhere?|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140910180614/http://www.eadt.co.uk/news/politics-old/poll_is_clacton_a_town_that_s_going_nowhere_1_3760753|archivedate=10 September 2014|df=dmy-all}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.loonyparty.com/2818/4165/clacton-on-sea-by-election/|title=Clacton on sea by election|date=11 September 2014}}
17. ^{{cite web|title=Election Data 2010|url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2010.txt|publisher=Electoral Calculus|accessdate=17 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726162034/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2010.txt|archivedate=26 July 2013}}
18. ^{{cite news |title=Clacton |publisher=BBC News |date=7 May 2010 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/election2010/results/constituency/b14.stm }}