词条 | Cladrastis kentukea |
释义 |
|image = கெண்டகி மஞ்ச்சள் மரப்பூச்சரம் Yellowwood flower.jpg |image_caption = Kentucky yellowwood flowers |genus = Cladrastis |species = kentukea |authority = (Dum.Cours.) Rudd (1971) |range_map = Cladrastis kentukea range map 1.png |range_map_caption = Natural range of Cladrastis kentukea |range_map2 = Cladrastis kentukea range map 4.png |range_map2_caption = Close-up of natural range of Cladrastis kentukea |synonyms =
|synonyms_ref = [1] }}Cladrastis kentukea, the Kentucky yellowwood or American yellowwood (syn. C. lutea, C. tinctoria), is a species of Cladrastis native to the Southeastern United States, with a restricted range from western North Carolina west to eastern Oklahoma, and from southern Missouri and Indiana south to central Alabama. Also the tree is sometimes called Virgilia.[2] DescriptionCladrastis kentukea is a small to medium-sized deciduous tree typically growing {{convert|10|-|15|m|ft}} tall, exceptionally to {{convert|27|m|ft}} tall, with a broad, rounded crown and smooth gray bark. The leaves are compound pinnate, 20–30 cm long, with 5-11 (mostly 7-9) alternately arranged leaflets, each leaflet broad ovate with an acute apex, 6–13 cm long and 3–7 cm broad, with an entire margin and a thinly to densely hairy underside. In the fall, the leaves turn a mix of yellow, gold, and orange. The flowers are fragrant, white, produced in Wisteria-like racemes 15–30 cm long. Flowering is in early summer (June in its native region), and is variable from year to year, with heavy flowering every second or third year. The fruit is a pod 5–8 cm long, containing 2-6 seeds.
DistributionOne of the rarest trees of eastern North America. Found principally on the limestone cliffs of Kentucky, Tennessee and North Carolina, but it is hardy at the north to zone 4. The largest specimen known is at Spring Grove Cemetery in Cincinnati, Ohio, 22 m tall and 2.2 m trunk diameter; the tallest known is a slender tree 27 m tall but only 0.55 m trunk diameter, at Plott Cove Research Natural Area, Georgia (Spongberg & Ma 1997; Eastern Native Trees Society). Plants from Alabama have the leaves more densely hairy underneath than those from further north, and are distinguished as Cladrastis kentukea f. tomentosa (Steyermark) Spongberg. CultivationCladrastis kentukea is widely grown as an ornamental tree for its attractive flowers, and is locally naturalized in many areas of the eastern United States outside of its restricted native range.[2] It thrives in full sunlight and in well-drained soil, tolerates high pH soils as well as acid situations. The Yellowwood can withstand urban settings and is attractive to birds. A number of cultivars have been selected, including 'Perkin's Pink' (syn. 'Rosea', an invalid name) with pink flowers. Kentucky yellowwood is recommended as one of the best medium-sized trees for cultivation as an ornamental plant in gardens. The only quality that is mentioned is a tendency of the trunk to divide very near the ground, as a multi-trunked tree.[2] UsesThe name yellowwood derives from its yellow heartwood, used in small amounts for specialist furniture, gunstocks and decorative woodturning. DistinctionsThe Society of Municipal Arborists selected the yellowwood (Cladrastis kentukea or C. lutea) as its Urban Tree of the Year for 2015. Notes1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/ild-10746|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species|accessdate=27 March 2015}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last=Keeler |first=Harriet L.|title=Our Native Trees and How to Identify Them|publisher=Charles Scriber's Sons|date=1900|location =New York|pages =116–118 }} References
External links{{Commonscat|Cladrastis kentukea}}
12 : Sophoreae|Faboideae|Endemic flora of the United States|Flora of the Southeastern United States|Trees of the United States|Trees of the Southeastern United States|Trees of the Southern United States|Trees of the North-Central United States|Trees of the Northeastern United States|Garden plants of North America|Ornamental trees|Trees of the Great Lakes region (North America) |
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