词条 | Clan Urquhart |
释义 |
|clan name =Clan Urquhart |image badge =Urquhart crest.png |chiefs crest = |chiefs motto =Meane weil, speak weil and doe weil.[1] |chiefs slogan = |war cry =Trust and go forward |region = |district = |gaelic names = |image arms =Urquhart of Urquhart arms.svg |plant badge =Wallflower.[1] |animal = |pipe music = |chiefs name = Colonel Wilkins Urquhart of Urquhart, 28th Chief of Clan Urquhart.[2] |chiefs title =28th Clan Chief of Clan Urquhart.[1] |chiefs gaelic title= |seat =Castle Craig |historic seat =Castle Craig |septs =Urquhart, Cromarty[3] |branches = |Allied clans = |Rival clans = |last chiefs name= |date of death of last chief= |commander = }}Urquhart ({{Audio|Urquhart.ogg|listen}}) is a Highland Scottish clan.[4] HistoryOrigins of the clanUrquhart is a name that is derived from the place name, Airchart.[4] Airchart is first recorded in the early life of Saint Columba, the great Celtic saint.[4] In modern times there are two parishes in Scotland named Urquhart, one in Elgin and one on the Black Isle.[4] The meaning of the word Urquhart itself has been given various Scottish Gaelic translations including woodside, by a rowan wood, or fort on a knoll.[4] There is also Urquhart Castle on the banks of Loch Ness.[4] One legend associated with Urquhart Castle involves Conachar of the royal house of Ulster, who is said to have come to Scotland to fight for Malcolm III of Scotland.[4] Conachar was rewarded with the castle.[4] The legend is also that Conachar was on the point of being mauled to death by a wild boar when his dog attacked the beast and although the dog died it saved his master.[4] This is one explanation for the boar's head and hounds on the Urquhart chief's coat of arms.[4] William de Urchard is said to have defended the Moote of Cromarty in the time of William Wallace against supporters of the English Crown.[4] From the reign of David II of Scotland the Urquhart chiefs were hereditary sheriffs of Cromarty.[4] 16th century and Anglo Scottish warsThomas Urquhart of Cromarty is said to have sired twenty-five sons in the early sixteenth century.[4] However seven of these sons were killed at the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh in 1547.[4] Another Thomas Urquhart was born on the day of the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh and was knighted by James VI of Scotland.[4] 17th century and Civil WarThomas Urquhart's son, Sir Thomas Urquhart of Cromarty was a student at King's College, Aberdeen at the age of just eleven.[4] He was knighted by Charles I of England in 1641.[4] After the Civil War he traveled to the Continent and studied work by the French poet François Rabelais.[4] Thomas Urquhart's translation of Rabelais's work is considered a masterpiece.[4] Thomas rejoined the royalist army and fought at the Battle of Worcester in 1651, where he was taken prisoner and imprisoned in the Tower of London.[4] While in prison he published his family tree which shows the origins of the Urquhart family back to Adam and Eve.[4] When he was released he returned to the Continent where he is said to have died from laughter while celebrating the Restoration (1660).[4] 18th century and Jacobite risingsCaptain John Urquhart of Craigston (b.1696) was a man of great wealth but the origins of his fortune are shrouded in mystery.[4] He was called the pirate by his family.[4] He was recruited by the Spanish Navy and this is probably where he amassed his fortune, from the prize money that was paid for captured enemy vessels.[4] He was nearly killed during the Jacobite rising of 1715 at the Battle of Sheriffmuir, fighting on the side of the Jacobites.[4] The Urquhart of Craigston family became of such social eminence that they were able to get the great Henry Raeburn to paint their family portraits.[4] Craigston Castle is still in the family's hands.[4] Colonel James Urquhart also supported the Jacobite cause and was severely wounded at the Battle of Sheriffmuir.[4] He was the principal Jacobite agent in Scotland until he died in 1741.[4] The chiefship of the clan then passed to his cousin, William Urquhart of Meldrum, who was a cautious Jacobite and avoided the disaster at the Battle of Culloden.[4] His cousin, Adam Urquhart was a member of Charles Edward Stuart's court-in-exile in Rome.[4] Modern historyThe last of the chiefly line was Major Beauchamp Urquhart who was killed in 1898 at the Battle of Atbara in Sudan.[4] In 1959 Wilkins Fisk Urquhart, a descendant of a branch of the clan known as the Urquharts of Braelangswell, who had emigrated to America in the 18th century, established his right to be chief of the Clan Urquhart.[4] He was succeeded by his son, the historian Kenneth Trist Urquhart.[5] The chief's title is Urquhart of Urquhart.[4] Castles
Clan chief
See also
Notes
1. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.scotclans.com/scottish_clans/clans/urquhart/history.html|title=Clan History|accessdate=2007-12-12}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.burkes-peerage.net/familyhomepage.aspx?FID=0&FN=URQUHARTOFURQUHART|title=URQUHART OF URQUHART, CHIEF OF URQUHART|accessdate=2007-12-12}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.urquhart.org/Sept.htm|title=Septs|accessdate=2007-12-12}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Way, George and Squire, Romily. Collins Scottish Clan & Family Encyclopedia. (Foreword by The Rt Hon. The Earl of Elgin KT, Convenor, The Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs). Published in 1994. Pages 336 - 337. 5. ^{{Cite news| last = Casely| first = Gordon| title = Obituary: Kenneth Urquhart of Urquhart, clan chief and academic who brought 21st-century expertise to an ancient tradition| work = The Scotsman| date = 2012-11-03| url = https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-urquhart-of-urquhart-clan-chief-and-academic-who-brought-21st-century-expertise-to-an-ancient-tradition-1-2612345}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.clanurquhart.com/tartans|title=Urquhart Tartans|accessdate=2008-10-10}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}} 7. ^{{citation |url=https://www.historicenvironment.scot/visit-a-place/places/urquhart-castle/history/|title=Urquhart Castle|website=www.historicenvironment.scot|accessdate=13 October 2016}} External links
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