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词条 Claude Piel
释义

  1. Biography

  2. Complete list of designs

  3. Notes

  4. References

  5. External links

{{no footnotes|date=June 2015}}

Claude Piel (15 January 1921 – 19 August 1982) was a notable French aircraft designer.

Biography

Piel was born in Paris, the son of an aeronautical carpenter. One of the best known French designers of light aircraft, over the years, Piel designed several single and two seat aeroplanes, the Emeraude and Diamant being the best known. His first amateur design was adapted from the Mignet Pou du Ciel ("Flying Flea"). Designated CP10, this aircraft, begun in 1943, was only ever a prototype. It crashed in 1949 after only 5h30m flight time. Piel himself was piloting and was lucky to escape from the accident.

Piel worked for a variety of French aeronautical companies as a designer. In 1948, he went to work with the Boisavia company where his professional career in aircraft design began. In 1952, he left Boisavia and joined Robert Denize where he designed the CP20, which looked like a miniature Spitfire - its wing shape especially. The CP20 was to be the basis of his subsequent designs, the highly successful CP30 Emeraude. Copavia began to manufacture the Emeraude commercially.

Piel then went to work for SCANOR (Société des Constructions Aéronautiques du Nord), who also produced Emeraudes. He also sold copies of his plans to amateurs who built their own aeroplanes.

The Scintex company was established in 1956 by Jean-Michel Vernhes and set up a production line to make Emeraudes, by now in great demand from French flying clubs and private owners. Initially, Scintex made the standard CP.301A model. In 1959, Piel moved to Scintex and the following year they developed the CP301C variant, which had a sliding canopy instead of the upward-opening doors of the earlier model. Scintex also built the Super Emeraude, with an airframe strengthened for aerobatics and a cleaner external design. Most Scintex Emeraudes and Super Emeraudes were built in the Menavia factory at Clermont-Ferrand.

Piel later moved to CAARP (Cooperatives des Ateliers Aéronautiques de la Region Parisienne). In 1965, CAARP was set up by Auguste Mudry, principally as a design bureau using the skills of Piel, Nenad Hrissatovic and Louis de Goncourt. The company originally built CP1310-C3 Super Emeraudes, and went on to make the CP100 and CAP10 derivatives.

Other designs from Piel included the CP.60 Diamant, CP.80 racer and CP.150 Onyx microlight.

Complete list of designs

Designs[1]
ModelBuilderNotesPrototypeFirst flight
CP.10 PielSingle seat Mignet-formula tandem wing aircraft powered by one {{convert>25|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Poinsard engine F-WFDA (c/n 01)
CP.20 Pinocchio PielLow wing single seater with fixed tailwheel undercarriage powered by one {{convert>25|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Volkswagen engine F-WGGL 1951
CP.30 Emeraude PielSide by side two seater developed from CP.20 powered by on {{convert>65|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental A65 and fitted with fixed cockpit canopy and forward-hinged doors F-WFVY (c/n 01) 19 June 1954
CP.301 Emeraude Scintex, SOCA, SACNOR, RouchaudInitial commercial production model of Emeraude. Later aircraft had sliding cockpit canopy. Powered by one {{convert>90|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental C90-14F engine.
CP.301A EmeraudeStandard Emeraude powered by a {{convert>90|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental C90
CP.301B Emeraude Rousseau CP.301A with smaller control surfaces, sliding canopy and spats.
CP.301C Emeraude Scintex CP.301A with bubble canopy, revised cowling etc. Minor equipment changes on CP.301C-1, C-2 and C-3.
CP.301D Emeraude Bastet CP.301A with retractable undercarriage and variable pitch prop. One aircraft. F-PLUN (c/n 361)
CP.301S Smaragd Binder Aviatik CP.301A with sliding canopy and enlarged dorsal fin
CP.302 Emeraude AmateurCP.301 powered by one {{convert>90|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Salmson air-cooled radial engine.
CP.303 Emeraude AmateurCP.301 powered by one {{convert>85|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Salmson air-cooled radial engine.
CP.304 Emeraude Amateur
CP.305 Emeraude AmateurCP.301 powered by one {{convert>115|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Lycoming O-235-C engine. F-PJCE (c/n 354)
CP.308 Emeraude AmateurCP.301 powered by one {{convert>75|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental C75-12 F-PINR (c/n 27)
CP.310 Emeraude AmateurCP.301 powered by one {{convert>100|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental O-200A.
CP.315 Emeraude Amateur
CP.316 Emeraude AmateurCP.301 powered by one {{convert>105|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Potez 4E-20 F-PKMX (c/n 352)
CP.319 Emeraude AmateurCP.301 powered by one {{convert>90|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental C90-14F F-PNUT (c/n 367)
CP.320 Super Emeraude Amateur CP.1310 airframe fitted with 100 hp Continental O-200A.
CP.321 Super Emeraude AmateurCP.320 airframe fitted with {{convert>105|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Potez 4E-20 engine.
CP.323 Super Emeraude AmateurCP.320 with swept fin and {{convert>105|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Lycoming engine.
CP.324 Emeraude Club Amateur
CP.325 Super Emeraude AmateurCP.320 with modified wing and {{convert>90|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental C90-14F engine. F-PHVZ (c/n 359)
CP.40 Donald PielHigh wing single seater with fixed tailwheel undercarriage and {{convert>25|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Volkswagen engine. F-WGYE (c/n 1) 16 June 1953
CP.41 Piel F-WGYE converted with Persy II engine
CP.402 AmateurCP.40 with {{convert>65|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental A65-8S engine. F-POIU (c/n 2)
Piel CP.500 Not built 4 seat push-pull twin of Mignet design with two Lycoming O-320 engines.
CP.60 Diamant AmateurCP.301 with wider fuselage and longer cabin seating three. Powered by one {{convert>90|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental C90-14F engine. F-PJXP 2 Dec 1961
CP.601 Diamant AmateurCP.60 with wing inboard leading edge fillet. Powered by a {{convert>100|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental O-200A. F-PKVG
CP.602 Diamant AmateurCP.601 with {{convert>105|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Potez 4E-20 engine.
CP.603 Super Diamant AmateurCP.60 with retractable tricycle undercarriage, swept tail and {{convert>115|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Lycoming O-235-C1. F-PNUN
CP.604 Diamant AmateurCP.60 powered by {{convert>145|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental O-300-B engine.
CP.605 SuperDiamant AmateurCP.60 with swept tail and {{convert>150|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Lycoming O-320 engine.
CP.605B SuperDiamant AmateurCP.603 (F-PNUN) fitted with {{convert>150|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Lycoming O-320 engine.
CP.606 SuperDiamant Amateur
CP.607 SuperDiamant AmateurCP.601 fitted with {{convert>130|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental O-240. F-PYIX (c/n 11)
CP.608 SuperDiamant Amateur
CP.615 SuperDiamant Amateur
CP.70 Beryl PielCP.301 with tandem dual seats, fixed tricycle undercarriage and {{convert>65|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental A65-85 engine. F-PMEQ (c/n 01) 1965
CP.750 Beryl AmateurCP.70 with {{convert>150|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Lycoming O-320, CP.601 wings and tailwheel undercarriage.
CP.751 Beryl AmateurCP.750 with {{convert>200|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Lycoming O-360-A2A engine.
CP.80 Zephir AmateurSingle-seat formula 1 racer with fixed tailwheel undercarriage and {{convert>100|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental O-200-A engine F-PVQF (c/n 1)
CP.801 Zephir AmateurCP.80 with {{convert>115|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Lycoming O-235-C2A engine.
CP.802 Zephir AmateurCP.80 with {{convert>65|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental A65-8F engine.
CP.90 Pinocchio II Piel, prototype onlySingle-seat version of CP.301 with {{convert>160|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Lycoming engine. F-PLCL 27 August 1986
CP.100 CAARPAerobatic 2-seater based on the CP.301 with modified tail and wing and {{convert>160|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Lycoming engine. F-BNTD August 1966
CP.1310 Super EmeraudeStrengthened Emeraude with revised canopy, tail and engine cowling. Powered by one {{convert>100|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental O-200A. F-BJVJ (c/n 900) 20 April 1962
CP.1315 Super EmeraudeCP.1310 fitted with {{convert>105|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Potez 4E-20 engine.
CP.1320 Super Emeraude AmateurCP.1310 airframe fitted with {{convert>100|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental O-200A.
CP.1320 Saphir Amateur3-seater with new tapered wing and strengthened Emeraude fuselage. F-WYIE had fixed tricycle undercarriage. F-PYJS had retractable tailwheel undercarriage. Powered by {{convert>150|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Lycoming O-320-C2A.
CP.1330 Super Emeraude CP.1310 fitted with a Lycoming O-235-C2A engine.
CP.150 Onyx Amateur12|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Solo engine.
Garland-Bianchi Linnet Garland-Bianchi CP.301A built by Garland-Bianchi (UK).
Fairtravel Linnet FairtravelLinnet with sliding canopy and {{convert>100|hp|kW|abbr=on|order=flip}} Continental O-200A.

Notes

1. ^Air-Britain Digest May–June 1985

References

  • R W Simpson, Airlife's General Aviation Airlife Publishing, Shrewsbury 1991
  • Patrick Ehrhardt & Jean Molveau, Claude Piel Histoire de Pierres Précieuses Edition Le Trait d'Union.
  • Patrick Ehrhardt & Jean Molveau, "A History of Precious Stones: Claude Piel - A craftsman and a constructor" in Air-Britain Digest, May–June 1985 (edited version in English of above)
  • Xavier Massé, Avions Piel : Du CP 10 de 1944 au CP 150 de 1983 Nouvelles Éditions Latines, Paris, 2004
  • Nick Bloom, "Piel Emeraude" in Pilot, February 2005, pp 60–64

External links

{{commons category|Piel aircraft}}
  • www.avions-piel.com discussion forum and gallery {{fr icon}}
  • Photo of Piel and CP30, believed on day of first flight
  •  
{{Piel aircraft}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Piel}}

3 : 1921 births|1982 deaths|French aerospace engineers
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