| 词条 | Bygland | ||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = Bygland |native_name = |native_name_lang = |other_name = |official_name = |image_skyline = Bygland and Jordalsboe.JPG |image_caption = View of Bygland |idnumber = 0938 |county = Aust-Agder |district = Setesdal |capital = Bygland |demonym = Byglending |language = Nynorsk |coatofarms = Bygland komm.svg |munwebpage = www.bygland.kommune.no |mayor = Leiv Rygg |mayor_party = Sp |mayor_as_of = 2011 |area_rank = 70 |area_total_km2 = 1311.66 |area_land_km2 = 1150.25 |area_water_km2 = 161.41 |population_as_of = 2017 |population_rank = 380 |population_total = 1,200 |population_density_km2 = 1.0 |population_increase = -5.7 |coordinates = {{coord|58|55|27|N|07|45|53|E|region:NO|display=inline,title}} |utm_zone = 32V |utm_northing = 6532278 |utm_easting = 0428881 | geo_cat = adm2nd }} Bygland is a municipality in Aust-Agder county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Setesdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Bygland. Other villages in the municipality include Åraksbø, Austad, Byglandsfjord, Grendi, Langeid, Lauvdal, Litveit, Longerak, Moi, Ose, Sandnes, Skåmedal, and Tveit. The Norwegian National Road 9 runs through the municipality, following the river Otra where most of the population of Bygland lives. The {{convert|1312|km2|adj=on}} municipality is the 70th largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Bygland is the 380th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,200. The municipality's population density is {{convert|1|PD/km2}} and its population has decreased by 5.7% over the last decade.[1] General informationThe parish of Bygland was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). Since that time, the municipal boundaries have not changed.[2] NameThe municipality (originally the parish) is named after the old Bygland farm (Old Norse: Byggland), since the first Bygland Church was built there. The first element is bygg which means "barley" and the last element is land which means "land" or "farm".[3] Coat-of-armsThe coat-of-arms is from modern times; they were granted on 15 November 1991. The green arms show a yellow European lynx (Lynx lynx), which symbolises the wild and rich nature in the rural highlands of the municipality. The green background symbolises the agriculture and forests in the municipality.[4][5] {{see also2|the Coats-of-Arms of Hamarøy and Hemsedal}}ChurchesThe Church of Norway has two parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Bygland. It is part of the Otredal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark.
GeographyBygland lies in the middle of the Setesdal valley which is also a traditional district in Aust-Agder county. The valley includes the municipalities of Bykle, Valle, Bygland, Iveland, and Evje og Hornnes. The Otra river flows from the glacially scoured Hardangervidda plateau in the north, through the Setesdal valley (and through Bygland), and into the sea near the city of Kristiansand. The municipality is bordered on the north by Valle, in the east by Fyresdal (Telemark county) and Åmli (Aust-Agder county), in the south by Froland and Evje og Hornnes, and in the west by Åseral, Kvinesdal, and Sirdal (all in Vest-Agder county). Bygland is Aust-Agder's second largest municipality in area. The majority of the area of the municipality lies in the Setesdalsheiene mountains, at an elevation of over {{convert|700|m}} above sea level. The municipality stretches from the small town Byglandsfjord in the south to the farms at Langeid in the north. Lake Byglandsfjorden is {{convert|40|km}} long and lies on the river Otra. Other lakes include the Åraksfjorden, Gyvatn, Hovatn, Kvifjorden, Longerakvatnet, Straumsfjorden, and Topsæ. The rivers Otra and Topdalsfjorden both run through Bygland on their way south. The Reiårsfossen waterfall is one of many waterfalls in the municipality. HistoryThe Setesdal Line was a narrow gauge steam railway which went between Vennesla and Byglandsfjord in Bygland. It was built in 1896. The Setesdal Line's operation was terminated in 1962 and the track was removed between Byglandsfjord and Beihølen. Other transport up the Setesdal valley was provided by the steamships {{SS|Bjoren||6}} and Dølen. First placed in operation in 1866, the {{SS|Bjoren||6}} is still in operation as a tourist attraction on lake Byglandsfjorden during the summers. GovernmentAll municipalities in Norway, including Bygland, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor. Municipal councilThe municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Bygland is made up of 15 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Currently, the party breakdown is as follows:[6] {{Kommunestyre table|name = Bygland |start = 2015 |end = 2019 |Total = 15 |nynorsk = yes |Arbeiderpartiet = 3 |Fremskrittspartiet = |Høyre = |Kristelig_Folkeparti = |Senterpartiet = 5 |Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = |Venstre = |Pensjonistpartiet = |Rødt = |Grønne = |Kyst = |Kristne = |Local_Lists = 7 |}} Attractions
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)|url=https://www.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/selectvarval/Define.asp?subjectcode=&ProductId=&MainTable=Folkemengd1951&nvl=&PLanguage=1&nyTmpVar=true&CMSSubjectArea=befolkning&KortNavnWeb=folkendrhist&StatVariant=&checked=true|year=2017|language=Norwegian|author=Statistisk sentralbyrå|authorlink=Statistics Norway|accessdate=2017-11-05}} 2. ^{{cite web|first=Dag|last=Jukvam|publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå|title=Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen|year=1999|url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/00/90/rapp_9913/rapp_9913.pdf|language=Norwegian}} 3. ^{{cite book|title=Norske gaardnavne: Nedenes amt|edition=8|authorlink=Oluf Rygh|last=Rygh|first=Oluf|publisher=W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri|year=1905|location=Kristiania, Norge|pages=204|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u4pBAAAAIAAJ|language=Norwegian}} 4. ^{{cite web|publisher=Heraldry of the World|title=Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen|url=http://www.ngw.nl/heraldrywiki/index.php?title=Bygland|accessdate=2017-04-23}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bygland.kommune.no/kommunevaapen.295217.nn.html|title=Kommunevåpenet|language=Norwegian|publisher=Bygland kommune|accessdate=2017-04-23}} 6. ^{{cite web|publisher=Statistics Norway|url=https://www.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/SelectTable/hovedtabellHjem.asp?KortNavnWeb=kommvalgform&CMSSubjectArea=valg&StatVariant=&PLanguage=1&checked=true|title=Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)|language=Norwegian|year=2015}} External links{{commons category|Bygland}}{{wiktionary|Bygland}}
3 : Setesdal|Municipalities of Aust-Agder|Bygland |
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