“COinS”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

In the late 1990s OpenURL was created at Ghent University as framework to provide context-sensitive links. The OpenURL link server implementation called SFX was sold to Ex Libris Group which marketed it to libraries, shaping the idea of a "link resolver". The OpenURL framework was later standardized as ANSI/NISO Z39.88 in 2004 (revised 2010).^[2] A core part of OpenURL was the concept of "ContextObjects" as metadata to describe referenced resources.

In late 2004, Richard Cameron, the creator of CiteULike, drew attention to the need for a standard way of embedding metadata in HTML pages.^[3] In January, 2005 Daniel Chudnov suggested the use of OpenURL.^[4] Embedding OpenURL ContextObjects in HTML had been proposed before by Herbert Van de Sompel and Oren Beit-Arie^[5] and a working paper by Chudnov and Jeremy Frumkin.^[6] Discussion of the latter on the GPS-PCS mailing list^[7] resulted in a draft specification for embedding OpenURLs in HTML,^[8] which later became COinS. A ContextObject is embedded in an HTML span element.

The adoption of COinS was pushed by various publications and implementations. The specification can now be found at OCOinS.info, which includes specific guides to implement COinS for journal articles and books.^[9]

Summary of the data model

From OpenURL 1.0 COinS borrows one of its serialization formats ("KEV") and some ContextObject metadata formats included in OpenURL implementation guidelines.^[10] The ContextObject implementation guidelines of COinS include four publication types (article with several subtypes, book, patent, and generic) and a couple of simple fields. However the guidelines are not required part of COinS, so the standard does not provide a strict metadata model like Dublin Core or the Bibliographic Ontology.

Use in web sites

Server-side applications

Client tools

See also

References

1. ^{{Cite journal | pages = 8–10 | last = Chudnov | first = Daniel | title = COinS for the Link Trail | journal = Library Journal | date = 2006-07-14 | url = http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6344742.html | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061022065455/http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6344742.html |archivedate=2006-10-22}}
2. ^{{cite book|url=http://www.niso.org/apps/group_public/project/details.php?project_id=82 |title=ANSI/NISO Z39.88-2004(R2010) - The OpenURL Framework for Context-Sensitive Services|year=2004|publisher=NISO.org |isbn=978-1-880124-61-1}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://old.onebiglibrary.net/yale/cipolo/gcs-pcs-list/2004-December/000004.html|title=Autodiscovery and embedding metadata|date=2004-12-20|website=gcs-pcs-list|accessdate=2011-03-20}}
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://old.onebiglibrary.net/yale/cipolo/gcs-pcs-list/2005-January/000010.html |title=sample inline openurl|date=2005-01-06|website=gcs-pcs-list|accessdate=2011-03-20}}
5. ^{{cite journal|last=Van de Sompel |first=Herbert |author2=Beit-Arie, Oren|date=July–August 2001|title=Generalizing the OpenURL Framework beyond References to Scholarly Works - The Bison-Futé Model|journal=D-Lib|volume=7|issue=7/8|issn=1082-9873|url=http://www.dlib.org/dlib/july01/vandesompel/07vandesompel.html|doi=10.1045/july2001-vandesompel}}
6. ^{{cite web|author1=Daniel Chudnov and Jeremy Frumkin|title=Service Autodiscovery for Rapid Information Movement|url=http://curtis.med.yale.edu/dchud/writings/sa4rim.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041215034305/http://curtis.med.yale.edu/dchud/writings/sa4rim.html|archivedate=2004-12-15|date=2004-12-10}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://groups.google.com/group/gcs-pcs-list |title=GCS-PCS mailing list |publisher=Groups.google.com |accessdate=2010-06-07}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://ocoins.info/latent-class.html|title=Latent OpenURLs in HTML for Resource Autodiscovery, Localization and Personalization |editor=Hellman, Eric |type=draft |publisher=OCOinS.info |accessdate=2011-03-20}}
9. ^{{cite web|title=OpenURL COinS: A Convention to Embed Bibliographic Metadata in HTML|url=http://ocoins.info/|website=ocoins.info|accessdate=2014-09-24}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://epub.mimas.ac.uk/openurl/KEV_Guidelines-200706.html#sect5_4 |title=Z39.88-2004 KEV Implementation Guidelines|last=Apps|first=Ann|date=2003-04-16|publisher=MIMAS, The University of Manchester, UK |accessdate=2011-03-20}}
11. ^¹{{cite web | title=Mendeley Web now supports COinS | url=http://www.mendeley.com/blog/academic-features/mendeley-web-now-supports-coins/ | date=2009-08-05 |first=Jan |last=Reichelt| accessdate=2013-12-14}}