| 词条 | Colma Creek |
| 释义 |
| name = Colma Creek | name_native = | name_native_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = | image = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = United States | subdivision_type2 = State | subdivision_name2 = California | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = City | subdivision_name5 = South San Francisco | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= South San Francisco-San Francisco International Airport[1] | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = | source1 = Northern San Bruno Mountain | source1_location = San Mateo County[1] | source1_coordinates= {{coord|37|40|27|N|122|27|29|W|display=inline}} | source1_elevation = | mouth = San Francisco Bay (Pacific Ocean) | mouth_location = San Mateo County[1] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|37|38|40|N|122|23|33|W|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|0|ft|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }}Colma Creek is a small creek that flows toward the San Francisco Bay from near San Bruno Mountain. The source starts north of the Guadalupe Parkway.[2] It flows down southwest and makes a 90 degree bend to flow southeastward. The creek loses elevation as it flows through the cities of Daly City and Colma, and continues to lose elevation until reaching the bay. Its small delta is just in between South San Francisco and the San Francisco International Airport.[3] The creek has one named tributary stream named Twelvemile Creek.[4] HistoryThe large delta the creek once supported was an important stop for migratory waterfowl and other wildlife. However, like many urban creeks, Colma Creek has been surrounded by flood control walls, buried in some parts, and had much of its large delta filled in by developers. Most of the lower parts of the creek are devoid of native vegetation due to the flood control project, reducing the habitat of the endangered California clapper rail and other species that use the creek. The headwaters of the creek are lined with non-native trees like eucalyptus, cypress, and Himalayan blackberry, displacing the native riparian plants like dogwood and willow.[2] The creek sometimes runs dry due to the non-native vegetation lowering the water table at the source. In 2005, Shelterbelt Builders developed a habitat restoration plan to return the creek to its former state by removing invasive and non-native plants and replanting native, riparian plants at the source.[5] In addition, in South San Francisco, new wetland was created to mitigate wetland lost to floodwall construction and improvements. The California clapper rail is expected to reinhabit the new salt and freshwater wetland, along with other species displaced by the flood control works.[6] See also
References1. ^1 {{Cite GNIS|id=221398|name=Feature Detail Report for: Colma Creek (San Mateo County, California)|entrydate=January 19, 1981|accessdate=December 18, 2007}} 2. ^1 Google Earth images. 3. ^1 {{Cite web|title=Colma Creek, USGS San Francisco South (CA) Topo Map|accessdate=2008-06-29|publisher=TopoQuest.com|work=USGS Quad maps|url=http://www.topoquest.com/map.asp?datum=NAD83&lat=37.64438&lon=-122.39247}} 4. ^{{Cite web|title=Museumca.org|url=http://www.museumca.org/creeks/1590-RescColma.html|accessdate=2007-08-16}} 5. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.shelterbeltbuilders.com/cs/colma.htm | title = Colma Creek Restoration Plan, Shelterbelt Builders, Inc.}} 6. ^{{Cite web |title=San Mateo County Department of Public Works |url=http://www.co.sanmateo.ca.us/smc/department/dpw/home/0,,5562541_73389509_73019635,00.html |accessdate=2007-08-16 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070815223734/http://www.co.sanmateo.ca.us/smc/department/dpw/home/0%2C%2C5562541_73389509_73019635%2C00.html |archivedate=2007-08-15 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 2 : Rivers of San Mateo County, California|Rivers of Northern California |
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