词条 | Color-glass condensate |
释义 |
"Color" in the name "color-glass condensate" refers to a type of charge that quarks and gluons carry as a result of the strong nuclear force. The word "glass" is borrowed from the term for silica and other materials that are disordered and act like solids on short time scales but liquids on long time scales. In the "gluon walls," the gluons themselves are disordered and do not change their positions rapidly because of time dilation. "Condensate" means that the gluons have a very high density. The color-glass condensate is important because it is proposed as a universal form of matter that describes the properties of all high-energy, strongly interacting particles. It has simple properties that follow from first principles in the theory of strong interactions, quantum chromodynamics. It has the potential to explain many unsolved problems such as how particles are produced in high-energy collisions, and the distribution of matter itself inside of these particles. Researchers at CERN believe they have created color-glass condensates during collisions of protons with lead ions. In these sorts of collisions, the standard outcome is that new particles are created and fly off in different directions. However, the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) team at the LHC found that in a sample of 2 million lead-proton collisions, some pairs of particles flew away from each other with their respective directions correlated.[1] This correlation of directions is the anomaly that might be caused by the existence of a color-glass condensate while the particles are colliding. See also
References1. ^1 {{Cite journal|author=CMS-collaboration siehe Compact Muon Solenoid |title=Observation of long-range near-side angular correlations in proton-lead collisions at the LHC|journal=Physics Letters B | volume =718 | issue = 3 | pages = 795–814 | doi =10.1016/j.physletb.2012.11.025 |arxiv=1210.5482 | bibcode=2013PhLB..718..795C|year=2013}}
2 : Quantum chromodynamics|Nuclear physics |
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