词条 | Common Council of the Church |
释义 |
In the Latter Day Saint movement, the Common Council of the Church is a body of the church that has the power to discipline or remove the President of the Church or one of his counselors in the First Presidency due to misbehavior. Its existence and status are uncertain and controversial, and the body has only been formally convened twice, once to try Joseph Smith in 1834 and in 1844 when Sidney Rigdon was excommunicated in absentia. The Common Council of the Church is sometimes confused with the Council of the Church.[1] Origin and dutiesThe council was first spoken of in a revelation by Joseph Smith on March 28, 1835:
Church commentators have interpreted this to mean that the council that would have the power to discipline or remove the President of the Church or a member of the First Presidency would be composed of the Presiding Bishopric of the church and twelve other high priests asked by the Presiding Bishop to assist in the disciplinary procedures. For example, Apostle John A. Widtsoe stated:
The twelve counselors could be composed of the members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles; however, there is no formal requirement that these individuals be chosen. A later revelation given to the Prophet Joseph on January 12, 1838 revealed more instructions, because of "wicked and aspiring men", "concerning the trying of the First Presidency of the Church of Latter-day Saints for transgression". This revelation was not put into the Doctrine and Covenants.[4] Trial of Joseph SmithOn 11 August 1834, the Council formally convened for the first time to consider charges made by Sylvester Smith against Joseph Smith after the return of Zion's Camp. Bishop Newel K. Whitney presided at the Council, with John P. Greene, John Smith, Reynolds Cahoon, Isaac Hill, Samuel H. Smith, Isaac Story, Amasa Lyman Peter Shirts, Truman Wait, Roswell Evans, Alpheus Cutler, and Thomas Burdick acting as the twelve high priests;[5] Oliver Cowdery and Orson Hyde also participated as clerks to the Council,[5] and Sidney Rigdon participated as a member of the First Presidency. The Council determined that Joseph Smith had "acted in every respect in an honorable and proper manner with all monies and properties entrusted to his charge."[6] Joseph Smith is the only president of the church to have been tried before the Common Council.[7]Trial of Sidney Rigdon{{See also|Succession crisis (Latter Day Saints)}}The Common Council of the Church has only been formally convened once since Joseph Smith's trial. On September 8, 1844, Presiding Bishop Newel K. Whitney convened a public meeting of the council[8] with Brigham Young, Heber C. Kimball, Parley P. Pratt, Orson Pratt, Orson Hyde, George A. Smith, John Taylor, Amasa M. Lyman, William W. Phelps, William Marks, Charles C. Rich, and Ezra T. Benson acting as the twelve counselors.[9] The purpose of the council was to discuss possible discipline for Sidney Rigdon, who was a counselor to Joseph Smith in the First Presidency prior to Smith's death in June 1844. Since Smith's death, Rigdon had claimed the right to lead the church and be its "guardian" until a new First Presidency could be organized. The Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, led by Brigham Young, had also been claiming the right to lead the Latter Day Saints. At the trial,
Rigdon had been asked to appear before the council but had refused to appear.[11] After a discussion of Rigdon's behavior by the members of the council, Whitney presented a motion to excommunicate Rigdon from the church "and deliver [him] over to the buffetings of satan until he repents". The motion was unanimously carried.[8] The Latter Day Saints in attendance at the public meeting were then invited by Young to ratify the decision of the council. The vote was "nearly unanimous", with ten individuals voting in favor of Rigdon's cause.[12] See also{{Wikipedia books|1=Priesthood (LDS Church) }}{{Portal|LDS Church|Book of Mormon}}
Notes1. ^See, e.g., Bruce R. McConkie, 1966. Mormon Doctrine, 2d ed. Salt Lake City:Bookcraft, p. 150 where the description of the Council of the Church is given the title Common Council of the Church. 2. ^Doctrine and Covenants 107:82-84. 3. ^John A. Widtsoe, 1939. Priesthood and Church Government in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 214. Cf. 253. 4. ^"Revelation, 12 January 1838–A" 5. ^1 History of the Church 2:142–144. 6. ^History of the Church 2:143. 7. ^Joseph Fielding Smith (1953). Church History and Modern Revelation (Salt Lake City: Council of the Twelve Apostles) 2:21. 8. ^1 History of the Church 7:268. 9. ^Note that only the first eight of these individuals were members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles at the time. 10. ^History of the Church 7:269, footnote. 11. ^Jedediah M. Grant, 1844. Collection of Facts Relative to the Course Taken by Elder Sidney Rigdon, Philadelphia: Brown, Bicking, & Guilbert, p. 19. 12. ^History of the Church 7:269. References
External links
5 : Leadership positions in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|Organizational subdivisions of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|Members of the Presiding Bishopric (LDS Church)|Religious organizations established in 1835|First Presidency (LDS Church) |
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