| 词条 | Calcutta High Court | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|court_name = Calcutta High Court |image = Calcutta High Court.jpg |imagesize = 250px |caption = Calcutta High Court Building |established = {{start date and age|df=yes|1862|07|01}} |country = {{flag|India}} |location = Principal Seat: Kolkata, West Bengal Circuit Benches: Jalpaiguri & Port Blair (A & N Islands) |coordinates={{coord|22|34|6|N|88|20|36|E|type:landmark_region:IN|display=title,inline}} |type = Presidential with confirmation of Chief Justice of India and Governor of respective state. |authority = Constitution of India |appeals = Supreme Court of India |terms = Till 62 years of age |positions = 72 {54 Permanent ; 18 Addl.} |website = calcuttahighcourt.gov.in |chiefjudgetitle = Chief Justice |chiefjudgename = Biswanath Somadder (acting)[1] |termstart =1 January 2019 |termend = }} The Calcutta High Court is the oldest High Court in India. It has jurisdiction over the state of West Bengal and the Union Territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The High Court building's design is based on the Cloth Hall, Ypres, in Belgium.[2] The court has a sanctioned judge strength of 72. HistoryThe Calcutta High Court is one of the three High Courts in India established at the Presidency Towns by Letters patent granted by Her Majesty Queen Victoria, bearing date 26 June 1862, and is the oldest High Court in India. It was established as the High Court of Judicature at Fort William on 1 July 1862 under the High Courts Act, 1861, which was preceded by the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William. Despite the name of the city having officially changed from Calcutta to Kolkata in 2001, the Court, as an institution retained the old name. The bill to rename it as Kolkata High Court was approved by the Cabinet on 5 July 2016 along with the renaming of its two other counterparts in Chennai and Mumbai.[3] However, the High Court still retains the old name. Principal seat and benchesThe seat of the Calcutta High Court is at Kolkata, capital of West Bengal. As per the Calcutta High Court (Extension of Jurisdiction) Act, 1953, the Calcutta High Court's jurisdiction was extended to cover Chandernagore (now called Chandannagar) and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands as of 2 May 1950. The Calcutta High Court extended its Circuit Bench in Port Blair, the capital of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and in Jalpaiguri, the divisional headquarters of the North Bengal region. On 7 February 2019, President Ram Nath Kovind finalised the opening of the other circuit bench in Jalpaiguri, West Bengal with the jurisdiction area[4] within 5 districts- Darjeeling, Kalimpong, Jalpaiguri, Alipurduar and Cooch Behar. Chief JusticeThe current Chief Justice (Acting) is Biswanath Somadder.[5] Sir Barnes Peacock was the first Chief Justice of the High Court. He assumed the charge when the court was founded on 1 July 1862. Justice Romesh Chandra Mitra was the first Indian officiating Chief Justice and Justice Phani Bhushan Chakravartti was the first Indian permanent Chief Justice of the court. The longest serving Chief Justice was Justice Sankar Prasad Mitra. On 20 September 1871, the acting Chief Justice, Sir John Paxton Norman, was murdered on the steps of the courthouse by Wahabi Muslims named Abdullah.[6][7] List of Chief JusticesFor Chief Justices of the previous Supreme Court of Bengal see Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William.
BuildingThe neo-Gothic High Court building was constructed in 1872, ten years after the establishment of the court itself. The design, by then government architect Walter Granville, was loosely modelled on the 13th-century Cloth Hall at Ypres, Belgium.[8] In 1977 another building named High Court Centenary Building or annexed building was inaugurated to reduce the pressure.[9] GalleryReferences1. ^http://www.calcuttahighcourt.gov.in/Judges/CJ-and-Judges {{commons category}}2. ^{{Cite web |url=http://calcuttahighcourt.nic.in/# |title=Court's official website |access-date=7 April 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070306142046/http://calcuttahighcourt.nic.in/# |archive-date=6 March 2007 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }} 3. ^Change of name of Madras, Bombay and Calcutta HC 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://doj.gov.in/sites/default/files/Orders%20Notification%20of%20establishment%20of%20a%20bench%20of%20Calcutta%20High%20Court%20at%20Jalpaiguri.pdf|title=Orders/notification of establishment of a bench of Calcutta High Court at Jalpaiguri (English/ Hindi) (07.02.2019)|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=12 February 2019|dead-url=|access-date=12 February 2019}} 5. ^{{Cite news|url=https://barandbench.com/chief-justices-five-high-courts-2/|title=Chief Justices appointed to Five High Courts [Read Notifications] - Bar & Bench|date=2018-10-24|work=Bar & Bench|access-date=2018-10-25|language=en-US}} 6. ^{{cite book|title= Secularism, Islam and Education in India, 1830–1910|first = Robert|last = Ivermee}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://ijaps.usm.my/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/HelenJames_LordMayoAssassination.pdf|title=The Assassination of Lord Mayo : The "First" Jihad?|last=James|first=Halen|publisher=IJAPS,Vol 5, No.2 (July 2009)|accessdate=18 November 2012}} 8. ^{{Cite web |url=http://calcuttahighcourt.nic.in/# |title=Court's official website |access-date=7 April 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070306142046/http://calcuttahighcourt.nic.in/# |archive-date=6 March 2007 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }} 9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://calcuttahighcourt.nic.in/district_courts/citysessions.htm|title=CITY SESSIONS COURT, CALCUTTA|last=HISTORICAL BACKGROUND|first=|date=|website=calcuttahighcourt.nic.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209100032/http://calcuttahighcourt.nic.in/district_courts/citysessions.htm#|archive-date=9 February 2012|dead-url=yes|access-date=3 March 2017|df=dmy-all}}
External links
8 : Organisations based in Kolkata|Tourist attractions in Kolkata|Buildings and structures in Kolkata|Gothic Revival architecture in India|1862 establishments in India|Legal history of India|Kolkata High Court|Judiciary of India |
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