| 词条 | Cotyledon orbiculata | ||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Pig's ear | image = Cotyledon orbiculata - pigs ear - Cape Point - South Africa 2.JPG | regnum = Plantae | unranked_divisio = Angiosperms | unranked_classis = Eudicots | unranked_ordo = Core eudicots | ordo = Saxifragales | familia = Crassulaceae | genus = Cotyledon | species = C. orbiculata | binomial = Cotyledon orbiculata | binomial_authority = L. | synonyms = Cotyledon elata Cotyledon oblonga Cotyledon ovata Cotyledon ramosa }} Cotyledon orbiculata, commonly known as pig's ear or round-leafed navel-wort, is a South African succulent plant belonging to the genus Cotyledon. DescriptionC. orbiculata is an extremely variable species that grows to approximately {{convert|1.3|m|ft|abbr=on}} in height.[1] It has gray-green leaves that can be up to {{convert|13|by|7|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} with a white powdery substance on them that helps reflect sunlight and conserve water.[1] The shape of the leaves was thought to have a resemblance to a pig's ear, thus the common name.[2] The bell-shaped flowers are small, usually less than {{convert|3|cm|in|abbr=on}} in length, and droop from the top of a {{convert|60|cm|in|abbr=on|adj=on}} tall stalk.[1] The flowers are usually orange-red but yellow varieties also exist. Varieties and cultivars[3]This diverse species includes a large number of varieties and cultivated forms.[4] Recognised varieties include:
Other forms include:
DistributionNative to South Africa,[5] it is popular in gardens in many countries. In the wild, it grows naturally in rocky outcrops in grassy shrubland and the Karoo region. In New Zealand, it is considered an invasive plant and is listed on the National Pest Plant Accord.[6] UsesC. orbiculata has a number of medicinal uses. In South Africa, the fleshy part of the leaf is applied to warts and corns. Heated leaves are used as poultices for boils and other inflammations. Single leaves may be eaten as a vermifuge and the juice has been used to treat epilepsy.[1]However, the leaves contain a bufanolide called cotyledontoxin, which is toxic to sheep, goats, horses, cattle, poultry, and dogs, causing a condition known as cotyledonosis.[7] References{{Commons category}}1. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantcd/cotyledorbic.htm | title=Cotyledon orbiculata | publisher=South Africa National Biodiversity Institute | first=Shireen | last=Harris | accessdate=2010-04-19}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q2716378}}2. ^{{cite book | title=In Celebration of Fynbos | first=Petra | last=Vandecasteele |author2=Godard, Paul | publisher=Struik | year=2008 | isbn=1-77007-490-2 | pages=54–55}} 3. ^HR. Tölken (1985). Crassulaceae. In O.A. Leistner, Flora of southern Africa 14. Botanical Research Institute, Pretoria. 4. ^Cotyledon orbiculata Plantzafrica 5. ^1 2 {{cite web | url=http://www.plantoftheweek.org/week217.shtml | title=Cotyledon orbiculata | publisher=University of Oklahoma Department of Botany & Microbiology | date=June 13, 2009 | accessdate=2010-04-19}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/files/pests/plants/nppa/nppa-accord-manual.pdf |format=PDF |title=National Pest Plant Accord |publisher=Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry |date=2008 |accessdate=2010-04-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015025338/http://biosecurity.govt.nz/files/pests/plants/nppa/nppa-accord-manual.pdf |archivedate=2008-10-15 |df= }} 7. ^{{cite book | title=Ecophysiology of economic plants in arid and semi-arid lands | first=G. E. | last=Wickens | page=204 | publisher=Springer | year=1998 | isbn=3-540-52171-2 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s8oSKa6_EB8C&pg=PA204&dq=Cotyledontoxin&hl=en&ei=ldzNS6WPDYeiswPeucSvDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDkQ6AEwATgK#v=onepage&q&f=false}} 3 : Crassulaceae|Poisonous plants|Plants described in 1753 |
||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。