| 词条 | Cristina García (journalist) |
| 释义 |
|image = IMG 0428.JPG |imagesize = 200px | | name = Cristina García | caption = | pseudonym = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1958|7|4}} | birth_place = Havana, Cuba | death_date = | death_place = | occupation = Novelist, journalist | nationality = US | period = | genre = | subject = | movement = | notableworks = Dreaming in Cuban | spouse = | partner = | children = | relatives = | awards = National Book Award nomination | signature = | website = }} Cristina García (born July 4, 1958) is a Cuban-born American journalist and novelist. After working for Time Magazine as a researcher, reporter, and Miami bureau chief, she turned to writing fiction. Her first novel, Dreaming in Cuban (1992), received critical acclaim and was a finalist for the National Book Award. She has since published her novels The Agüero Sisters (1997) and Monkey Hunting (2003), and has edited books of Cuban and other Latin American literature. Her fourth novel, A Handbook to Luck, was released in hardcover in 2007 and came out in paperback in April 2008. In 2009, Garcia was hired as the Visiting Affiliate Professor and Black Mountain Institute Teaching Fellow in Creative Writing at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas.[1] She has taught at other colleges including the University of Texas-Austin, Texas Tech University, and Texas State University-San Marcos, where she is the 2012–14 University Chair in Creative Writing. Early life{{BLP unsourced section|date=November 2017}}García was born in Havana to a Guatemalan father, Francisco M. Garcia and Cuban mother, Esperanza Lois.[2] In 1961, when she was two years old, her family was among the first wave of people to flee Cuba after Fidel Castro came to power. They settled in New York City, where she was raised in Queens, Brooklyn Heights, and Manhattan, in predominantly Irish, Italian, and Jewish neighborhoods. Her family, however, communicated at home in Spanish and shared many stories about Cuba during her youth.{{citation needed|date=May 2015}} In 1979, she completed a bachelor's degree in political science at Barnard College, where she says a course in English stirred her interest in literature. She earned a master's degree in international relations from the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies in 1981. During her graduate studies, she spent a year in Italy and later returned to Europe to accept a marketing position with Procter & Gamble in West Germany, but left that job after three months.{{citation needed|date=September 2013}} CareerJournalismAfter returning to the United States, García pursued a career in journalism, after having worked as a part-time "copy girl" with the New York Times. While at Johns Hopkins, she obtained an intern position with The Boston Globe that she held for a short time before becoming a reporter for the Knoxville Journal.{{citation needed|date=September 2013}} In 1983 she was hired by Time Magazine. Beginning there as a reporter/researcher, she became the publication's San Francisco correspondent in 1985, and its bureau chief in Miami for Florida and the Caribbean region in 1987. In 1988 she was transferred to Los Angeles. She terminated her employment with Time to write fiction full-time in 1990.{{citation needed|date=September 2013}} NovelsGarcía's first novel, Dreaming in Cuban, was published in 1992. She has said that it contained ideas that had been percolating inside her throughout the 1980s, especially after her visit to Cuba in 1984.{{citation needed|date=May 2015}} García later said, "I surprised myself by how Cuban the book turned out to be. I don`t remember growing up with a longing for Cuba, so I didn`t realize how Cuban I was, how deep a sense I had of exile and longing."[3] The book received favorable critical attention and was nominated for the National Book Award. García gave birth to her daughter Pilar six months after its release, and says that her preoccupation with her pregnancy and giving birth had kept her from realizing the impact the book had had until she was doing book tours in 1997.{{citation needed|date=September 2013}} She struggled to write a strong second novel for two years before abandoning that work to start on The Agüero Sisters, which was released in 1997 and awarded the Janet Heidiger Kafka Prize. She says the inspiration for it was a visit many years earlier by a Cuban aunt to her mother in Miami that ended abruptly and left long-standing negative feelings.{{citation needed|date=September 2013}} While she has been regarded as an important Cuban-American voice in American literature, García has reported experiencing some unease in relating to other Cubans—both with those still in Cuba and those in exile in Florida. Some question why she writes in English. Others take issue with her lack of engagement in anti-Castro causes. She has said she attempts to emphasize in her novels the fact that "there is no one Cuban exile".[4] In 2007 she also said that she "wanted to break free of seeing the world largely through the eyes of Cubans or Cuban immigrants. After the first three novels—I think of them as a loose trilogy—I wanted to tackle a bigger canvas, more far-flung migrations, the fascinating work of constructing identity in an increasingly small and fractured world."[5] At this time García described this "bigger canvas" as including "the entrapments and trappings of gender in my novel", partly because "it would be easy, and overly simplistic, to frame everything in terms of equality, or cultural limitations, or other vivid measurables. What’s most interesting to me are the slow, internal, often largely unconscious processes that move people in unexpected directions, that reframe and refine their own notions of who they are, sexually and otherwise."[5] While García has expressed these desires to move away from a purely Cuban narrative voice and/or anti-Castro sentiments, the influence of her heritage is made clear when she discusses the symbolism and characters in her work. She has said, about the symbol of a tree, for example: In Afro-Cuban culture, the ceiba tree is also sacred, a kind of maternal, healing figure to which offerings are made, petitions placed. So absolutely, for me trees do represent a crossroads, an opportunity for redemption and change. In Dreaming in Cuban, Pilar Puente has a transformative experience under an elm tree that leads to her returning to Cuba. Chen Pan, in Monkey Hunting, escapes the sugarcane plantation under the watchful protection of a ceiba tree…In A Handbook to Luck, Evaristo takes to living in trees as a young boy, to escape the violence of his stepfather. He stays there for years, first in a coral tree and then in a banyan. From his perches, he witnesses the greater violence of the civil war in El Salvador and speaks a peculiar poetry, born, in part, of his co-existence with trees.[5] Her most recent novel, "King of Cuba", is a darkly comic fictionalized portrait of Fidel Castro, an octogenarian exile, and a rabble of other Cuban voices. She has also published poetry, books for young readers, and two anthologies. Personal lifeGarcía lived with her daughter Pilar in Los Angeles and taught at Mills College in Oakland, California.{{citation needed|date=September 2013}} Works
Awards and honors
See also{{Portal|Literature}}
References1. ^{{Cite web|title = Cristina García: Official Author Website|url = http://www.cristinagarcianovelist.com/cv|website = www.cristinagarcianovelist.com|access-date = 2016-01-21}} 2. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49569798|title=Notable Latino Americans : a biographical dictionary|last=S.|first=Meier, Matt|date=1997|publisher=Greenwood Press|others=Franco Serri, Conchita., Garcia, Richard A.|isbn=058538908X|location=Westport, CN|oclc=49569798}} 3. ^{{cite web|last1=Burkett|first1=Elinor|title=Author focuses on Cuban nostalgia|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1992-04-09/features/9202010715_1_cristina-garcia-cuban-america-authors|publisher=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=May 29, 2015|date=April 9, 1992}} 4. ^Johnson, Kelli Lyon (May 9, 2005). "Cristina Garcia – b. 1958". VG: Voices from the Gaps. Retrieved March 13, 2007. 5. ^1 2 Abani, Chris http://bombsite.com/issues/99/articles/2899 “Cristina García” BOMB Magazine Spring 2007. Retrieved August 3, 2011 Bibliography
Further reading
External links
22 : 1958 births|20th-century American novelists|21st-century American novelists|American people of Guatemalan descent|American writers of Cuban descent|American women novelists|Barnard College alumni|Living people|Cuban emigrants to the United States|Cuban people of Guatemalan descent|People from Napa, California|Hispanic and Latino American novelists|Hispanic and Latino American women journalists|Guggenheim Fellows|American women journalists|20th-century American women writers|21st-century American women writers|Journalists from California|Novelists from California|20th-century American non-fiction writers|21st-century American non-fiction writers|People from Brooklyn Heights |
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