| 词条 | Crna Trava | |||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| native_name = Црна Трава | native_name_lang = sr | official_name = Crna Trava | other_name = | settlement_type = Village and municipality | image_shield = | image_flag = | image_skyline = Crna Trava, varošica.JPG | image_caption = View on Crna Trava | image_map = Municipalities of Serbia Crna Trava.png | map_caption = Location of the municipality of Crna Trava within Serbia | mapsize = | coordinates = {{Coord|42|48|36.53|N|22|17|56.43|E|type:landmark|display=title, inline}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Serbia}} | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = Southern and Eastern Serbia | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = Jablanica | parts_type = Settlements | parts_style = para | p1 = 25 | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Slavoljub Blagojević (PSS) | area_blank1_title = Village | area_blank1_km2 = 12.23 | area_blank2_title = Municipality | area_blank2_km2 = 312 | area_footnotes = [1] | elevation_m = 964 | population_footnotes = [2] | population_as_of = 2011 census | population_blank1_title = Town | population_blank1 = 452 | population_density_blank1_km2 = auto | population_blank2_title = Municipality | population_blank2 = 1661 | population_density_blank2_km2 = auto | timezone = CET | utc_offset = +1 | timezone_DST = CEST | utc_offset_DST = +2 | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 16215 | area_code_type = Area code | area_code = +381(0)16 | blank_name = Car plates | blank_info = LE | website = {{url|http://www.opstinacrnatrava.org.rs/}} }}Crna Trava (Serbian Cyrillic: Црна Трава, {{IPA-sh|t͡sr̩̂ːnaː trǎːʋa|sr}}) is a village and municipality located in the Jablanica District of southern Serbia. According to 2011 census, the population of the village is 434 inhabitants, while population of the municipality is 1,663. This is the smallest by population and poorest municipality in Serbia.[3] NameThe name of the village in Serbian translates to Black Grass. The origin of the name dates back to 1389, when Battle of Kosovo took place. A Serbian reserve army unit, composed of Serbian archers and cavaliers, decided to take a rest on a grass field Vilin Lug ("Fairy Grove") while travelling to the battlefield. [4] Since the flowers and other herbs covering the field were highly poisonous, the soldiers became intoxicated, thereby they did not wake up on time for the battle. Realizing that fact, they cursed the grass that poisoned them, branding it "black" grass. HistoryIllyrian tribes inhabited the area in the 5th century BC. Romans occupied the region in the 2nd century BC and exploited the ores in the vicinity, mining for gold, iron and clay. The region of Crna Trava especially developed during the reign of King Milutin in the 13th and 14th century. The original Church of Saint Nicholas was built in that period, so as the important Crna Trava Monastery. During the reign of Ottoman sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, the monastery was a metochion of Hagia Sophia and Crna Trava had certain benefits from that, as the region was considered a waqf so it wasn't directly ruled by the Turks as the others regions were. The monastery doesn't exist for a loing time and it is not known to whom it was dedicated. It is speculated that it was located near the Čuka hill, below the Crni Vrh peak.[4]SettlementsAside from the village of Crna Trava, the municipality contains the following villages: Demographics{{Historical populations| type = | percentages = pagr |1948|13614 |1953|12902 |1961|12319 |1971|9672 |1981|6366 |1991|3789 |2002|2563 |2011|1663 | source = [5] }} Crna Trava, along with the rest of Vlasina region, suffers from heavy depopulation, chiefly for economic reasons. The municipality had a population of 13,614 in 1948 and 1,339 in 2016.[6] The settlement had a population of 2,798 in 1921 and 434 in 2011. Though achieving a municipal status already in 1876 and being famous for its construction workers, Crna Trava gained a notoriety of being the most depopulated part of Serbia for decades. It is estimated that in 2017 there are 30,000 people originating from Crna Trava who today live in the capital of Serbia, Belgrade.[4] Ethnic groupsThe ethnic composition of the municipality:
TourismTourism is not developed, even though Crna Trava is only {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}} away from the Lake Vlasina. The average altitude of the surrounding area is {{convert|1,300|m|abbr=on}} and combined with the climate, produces a clean, fresh air and the growth of the still wild grown strawberries, raspberries and blueberries so as mushrooms and herbal plants.[4] Church of Saint NicholasThe Church of Saint Nicholas was originally built during the reign of King Milutin, c. 1300, but was destroyed later. The new church was built on its foundations in 1635. It had no service held from 1942 to 2012. On the day of Saint Procopius of Scythopolis, on 21 July, an annual regional festivity is held at the church.[4] Crnotravka monumentCrna Trava is famous for its construction workers. For decades they travelled through Serbia and Yugoslavia, worked on the construction sites and the male variant of the demonym, Crnotravac, became a synonym for a good builder. Many companies bare that name, even though they are not located in Crna Trava. In order to mark the devotion of their wives, who stayed at home and took care of children and households, a monument was erected. Work of Sava Halugin, officially named Zahvalnost ("gratitude"), it is colloquially often referred to as Crnotravka, the female demonym. The monument is located at the confluence of the Čemerčica river into the Vlasina, in front of the "Vilin Lug" hotel, and was dedicated on 4 July 1983.[7] GallerySee also
References1. ^{{Serbian municipalities 2006}} 2. ^{{Serbian census 2011}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.b92.net/eng/news/society-article.php?yyyy=2010&mm=10&dd=18&nav_id=70355 |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-10-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101022024941/http://www.b92.net/eng/news/society-article.php?yyyy=2010&mm=10&dd=18&nav_id=70355 |archivedate=2010-10-22 |df= }} 4. ^1 2 3 4 {{Citation | last = | first = | author = Slavica Stuparušić | title = Duga kao vesnik obnove Manastirišta | newspaper = Politika-Magazin No. 1037 | pages = 22-24 | language = Serbian | date = 13 August 2017 | url = }} 5. ^{{cite web|title=2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia|url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/Popis2011/Knjiga20.pdf|website=stat.gov.rs|publisher=Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia|accessdate=12 January 2017}} 6. ^Serbia - Administrative division: districts and municipalities 7. ^{{ cite news | author = Danilo Kocić | title = Spomenik Crnotravki | trans-title = Monument to the woman of Crna Trava | newspaper = Politika | page = 14 | language = Serbian | date = 7-8 April 2018 | url = http://www.politika.rs/sr/clanak/401476/Pogledi/Spomenik-Crnotravki }} External links{{commons category|Crna Trava}}
3 : Populated places in Jablanica District|Municipalities and cities of Southern and Eastern Serbia|Crna Trava |
|||||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。