| 词条 | Crotalus oreganus abyssus |
| 释义 |
| image = Grand Canyon pink rattlesnake.jpg | image_caption = Grand Canyon rattlesnake Havasu Canyon, Arizona | name = Crotalus oreganus abyssus | genus = Crotalus | species = oreganus | subspecies = abyssus | authority = Klauber, 1930 | synonyms = * Crotalus confluentus abyssus Klauber, 1930
}} Common names: Grand Canyon rattlesnake,[3] canyon bleached rattlesnake.[4] Crotalus oreganus abyssus is a venomous pit viper subspecies[3] found only in the U.S. states of Arizona and Utah. DescriptionThis is a medium to large rattlesnake. Adults measure 16-54 inches (41–137 cm) in total length. Dorsally, they have dark blotches on a variety of base colors ranging from reddish, pink, yellow/green, light tan, to gray. The blotches usually become crossbands near the tail. The young usually have more prominent blotches and facial markings than the adults. Some adults have no body markings. The rostral scale usually comes into contact with more than 2 internasal scales. Geographic rangeFound in northwestern and north-central Arizona along both rims and the floor of the Grand Canyon and adjacent areas, and North into Utah on the Kaiparowits Plateau between and along the Escalante River and Paria River Drainages of Kane and Garfield Counties, Utah.[5][6][7][8] HabitatThe snake is found in a variety of habitats, including grassland, Great Basin Desert scrubland, bottoms in the Grand Canyon, talus and cliff slopes, rolling hills and bajadas in pinion-juniper woodland, and pine forests. BehaviorIt is primarily diurnal but can be active around the clock when conditions are favorable. The cryptic coloration and calm demeanor of this subspecies often allows it to escape detection from passersby. FeedingIt feeds on squirrels, mice, lizards, and birds. See also
References1. ^McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. {{ISBN|1-893777-00-6}} (series). {{ISBN|1-893777-01-4}} (volume). 2. ^Ashton KG, de Queiroz A. 2001. Molecular systematics of the western rattlesnake, Crotalus viridis (Viperidae), with comments on the utility of the d-loop in phylogenetic studies of snakes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Vol. 21, No.2, pp. 176-189. PDF at CNAH. Accessed 3 September 2008. 3. ^1 {{ITIS |id=683061 |taxon=Crotalus oreganus abyssus |accessdate=28 November 2006}} 4. ^Wright AH, Wright AA. 1957. Handbook of Snakes. Comstock Publishing Associates. (7th printing, 1985). 1105 pp. {{ISBN|0-8014-0463-0}}. 5. ^ Gordon W. Schuett, Martin J. Feldner, Charles F. Smith, Randall S. Reiserer. 2016. Rattlesnakes of Arizona Vol. 1. 736 pp. {{ISBN|1938850181}} {{ISBN|978-1938850189}}. 6. ^ Gordon W. Schuett, Charles F. Smith, Bob Ashley. 2018. Rattlesnakes of the Grand Canyon. 131 pp. {{ISBN|1938850580}} {{ISBN|978-1938850585}}. 7. ^Jonathan A. Campbell, William W. Lamar. 2004. The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere, Vols.1 & 2. 976 pp. {{ISBN|0801441412}} {{ISBN|978-0801441417}}. 8. ^ Brian Hubbs, Brendan O'Connor. 2012. A Guide to the Rattlesnakes and other Venomous Serpents of the US. {{ISBN|0975464132}} 132 pp. {{ISBN|978-0975464137}}. Further reading
External links{{Commons|Crotalus oreganus}}
5 : Crotalus|Reptiles of the United States|Endemic fauna of the United States|Fauna of the Southwestern United States|Natural history of the Grand Canyon |
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