| 词条 | Cuban tody |
| 释义 |
| image = Cuban tody (Todus multicolor).JPG | image_caption = on Cayo Guillermo | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Chordata | subphylum = Vertebrata | classis = Aves | ordo = Coraciiformes | familia = Todidae | genus = Todus | species = T. multicolor | binomial = Todus multicolor | binomial_authority = Gould, 1837 }} The Cuban tody (Todus multicolor) is a bird species in the family Todidae that is restricted to Cuba and adjacent islands.[2] DescriptionThe species is characterized by small size ({{convert|11|cm|in|abbr=on}}, {{convert|59|g|oz|abbr=on}}), large head relative to body size, and a thin, flat bill. Similar to other todies, the coloration of the Cuban tody includes iridescent green dorsum, pale whitish-grey underparts, and red highlights. This species is distinguished by its pink flanks, red throat, yellow lores, and blue ear patch. The bill is bicolored: black on top and red on the bottom.[2] Distribution and habitatThe Cuban tody is a year-round resident of portions of Cuba and islands just off the Cuban coast. Analysis of song variation suggests that the Cuban tody is structured into two populations, corresponding to eastern and western Cuba.[4] The tody, like many resident Cuban bird species, is a habitat generalist.[5] It is known to live in dry lowlands, evergreen forests, coastal vegetation, and near streams and rivers. Cuban todies may be difficult to see; Vaurie reported, "Only one seen at the Cape, in dense underbrush, but several heard."[6] BehaviourThey are often seen in pairs. When perched, they sometimes repeat a peculiar short "tot-tot-tot-tot", but the most characteristic call is a soft "pprreeee-pprreeee" (which is the origin of its Cuban common name, 'Pedorrera'). Its wings also produce a whirring sound that is used during display flights.[2] BreedingNests consist of a tunnel about {{convert|30|cm|in|abbr=on}} long in a clay embankment, with a terminal chamber, though sometimes they use a rotten trunk or tree cavity.[2] The walls of the tunnel and the egg chamber are covered with a thick glue-like substance mixed with grass, lichen, algae, small feathers and other materials. Three to four eggs are laid are incubated by both parents.[2] FeedingThe Cuban tody diet is dominated by insects, but also may include small fruits, spiders, and small lizards. Although the birds' ecology has been little-studied, they are known to participate in mixed-species flocks.[11] They are also food items: predators include both people in poor areas and mongoose. See also
References1. ^{{IUCN|id=22683009 |title=Todus multicolor |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}} [2][3][4][5][6]2. ^1 {{cite journal |first1=Eneider E. |last1=Pérez Mena |first2=Emanuel C. |last2=Mora |year=2011 |title=Geographic Song Variation in the Non-Oscine Cuban Tody (Todus multicolor) |journal=The Wilson Journal of Ornithology |volume=123 |issue=1 |pages=76–84 |url=http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1676/10-003.1 |doi=10.1676/10-003.1}} 3. ^1 {{cite journal |first1=P.B. |last1=Hamel |first2=A. |last2=Kirkconnell |year=2005 |title=Composition of mixed-species flocks of migrant and resident birds in Cuba |journal=Cotinga |volume=24 |pages=28–34 |url=http://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/ja/uncaptured/ja_hamel010.pdf}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web |url=http://neotropical.birds.cornell.edu/portal/species/overview?p_p_spp=26366 |title=Cuban Tody (Todus multicolor) |last=Farnsworth |first=Andrew |editor-last=Schulenberg |editor-first=T.S. |date=2009 |website=Neotropical Birds Online |location=Ithaca |publisher=Cornell Lab of Ornithology |accessdate=18 October 2014}} 5. ^1 {{cite journal |first=C. |last=Vaurie |year=1957 |title=Field notes on some Cuban birds |journal=The Wilson Bulletin |volume=69 |issue=4 |pages=301–313 |jstor=4158615}} 6. ^1 {{cite journal |first1=G.E. |last1=Wallace |first2=Hiram |last2=González Alonso |first3=Martin K. |last3=McNicholl |first4=Daysi |last4=Rodríguez Batista |first5=Ramona |last5=Oviedo Prieto |first6=Alejandro |last6=Llanes Sosa |first7=Bárbara |last7=Sánchez Oria |first8=Elizabeth A.H. |last8=Wallace |year=1996 |title=Winter surveys of forest-dwelling Neotropical migrant and resident birds in three regions of Cuba |journal=The Condor |volume=98 |issue=4 |pages=745–768 |jstor=1369856 | doi = 10.2307/1369856 }} }} External links{{Commons category|Todus multicolor}}{{Wikispecies|Todus multicolor}}
3 : Todus|Endemic birds of Cuba|Birds described in 1837 |
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