词条 | Cutaneous horn |
释义 |
| name = Cutaneous horn | synonyms = | image = SkinTumors-P5280062.JPG | alt = | caption = Actinic keratosis with cutaneous horn | pronounce = | field = | symptoms = | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }}Cutaneous horns, also known by the Latin name cornu cutaneum, are unusual keratinous skin tumors with the appearance of horns, or sometimes of wood or coral. Formally, this is a clinical diagnosis for a "conical projection above the surface of the skin."[1] They are usually small and localized, but can, in very rare cases be much larger. Although often benign, they can also be malignant or premalignant.[2] Signs and symptomsThe lesion at the base of the keratin mound is benign in the majority of cases. Malignancy is present in up to 20% of cases, with squamous cell carcinoma being the most common type. The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma increases to 37% when the cutaneous horn is present on the penis.[3] Tenderness at the base of the lesion is often a clue to the presence of a possible underlying squamous cell carcinoma.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}} CauseThe cause of cutaneous horns is still unknown, but it is believed that exposure to radiation can trigger the condition. This is evidenced by a higher rate of cases occurring on the face and hands, areas that are often exposed to sunlight. Other cases have reported cutaneous horns arising from burn scars.[4] As with many other wart-like skin conditions, a link to the HPV virus family, especially the HPV-2 subtype has been suggested.[5] DiagnosisCutaneous horn usually arises due to an underlying epidermal lesion, the most common being verruca vulgaris (wart), actinic keratosis (a potentially pre-malignant lesion of dysplastic keratinocytes), or squamous cell carcinoma (a form of skin cancer). These can look essentially identical clinically. The only reliable way to diagnose which type of lesion is present under the horn is to biopsy the lesion and have it microscopically examined by a pathologist (or dermatologist). TreatmentsAs the horn is composed of keratin, the same material found in fingernails, the horn can usually be removed with a sterile razor.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}}However, the underlying condition will still need to be treated. Treatments vary, but they can include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Notable cases
See also
References1. ^{{cite journal |last1=Copcu |first1=Eray |last2=Sivrioglu |first2=Nazan |last3=Culhaci |first3=Nil |title=Cutaneous horns: are these lesions as innocent as they seem to be? |journal=World Journal of Surgical Oncology |volume=2 |page=18 |year=2004 |pmid=15176977 |pmc=421749 |doi=10.1186/1477-7819-2-18}} 2. ^{{cite journal |last1=Yu |first1=R.C.H. |last2=Pryce |first2=D.W. |last3=MacFarlane |first3=A.W. |last4=Stewart |first4=T.W. |title=A histopathological study of 643 cutaneous horns |journal=British Journal of Dermatology |volume=124 |issue=5 |pages=449–52 |year=1991 |pmid=2039721 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb00624.x}} 3. ^{{cite journal|pmid=2172337|year=1990|last1=Solivan|first1=GA|last2=Smith|first2=KJ|last3=James|first3=WD|title=Cutaneous horn of the penis: Its association with squamous cell carcinoma and HPV-16 infection|volume=23|issue=5 Pt 2|pages=969–72|journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology|doi=10.1016/0190-9622(90)70315-9}} 4. ^{{cite journal |last1=Nthumba |first1=Peter M |title=Giant cutaneous horn in an African woman: a case report |journal=Journal of Medical Case Reports |volume=1 |page=170 |year=2007 |pmid=18053226 |pmc=2225419 |doi=10.1186/1752-1947-1-170}} 5. ^{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=W |last2=Wang |first2=C |last3=Xu |first3=S |last4=Chen |first4=C |last5=Tong |first5=X |last6=Liang |first6=Y |last7=Dong |first7=X |last8=Lei |first8=Y |last9=Zheng |first9=X |title=Detection of HPV-2 and identification of novel mutations by whole genome sequencing from biopsies of two patients with multiple cutaneous horns |journal=Journal of Clinical Virology |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=34–42 |year=2007 |pmid=17368088 |doi=10.1016/j.jcv.2007.01.002 }} 6. ^Writers, Staff. (2010-03-09) Chinese woman Zhang Ruifang, aged 101, grows 'devil' horn. Herald Sun. Retrieved on 2010-10-27. 7. ^[https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/weird-news/unicorn-woman-set-horn-removed-6329793]. Mirror.co.uk (2015-08-27). Retrieved on 2015-08-27. 8. ^ . China's Huang Yuanfan Sprouts 3-Inch Horn From Head . 9. ^The Mütter Museum. Corkscrew-balloon.com (2003-05-26). Retrieved on 2010-10-27. Further reading
External links{{Medical resources| DiseasesDB = 31351 | ICD10 = | ICD9 = | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = article | eMedicineTopic = 1056568 | MeshID = }}{{Skin tumors, epidermis}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Cutaneous Horn}} 1 : Epidermal nevi, neoplasms, cysts |
随便看 |
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。