| 词条 | Cécile Brunschvicg |
| 释义 |
| name = Cécile Brunschvicg | image = | caption = Cécile Brunschvicg in 1920. | office = Undersecretary of State for national education of France | term_start = {{date|1936-06-05}} | term_end = {{date|1937-06-21}} | president = Albert Lebrun | primeminister = Léon Blum | predecessor = Henri Guernut indirectly | successor = Léo Lagrange | birthname = Cécile Kahn | birth_date = {{birth date|1877|07|19}} | birth_place = Enghien-les-Bains, France | death_date = {{death date and age|1946|10|05|1877|07|19}} | death_place = Neuilly-sur-Seine, France | nationality = French | spouse = Léon Brunschvicg | party = PRS | alma_mater = | profession = | religion = }} Cécile Brunschvicg ({{IPA-fr|sesil bʁœ̃svik|lang}}), born Cécile Kahn (19 July 1877 in Enghien-les-Bains – 5 October 1946 in Neuilly-sur-Seine), was a French feminist politician. From the 1920s until her death she was regarded as "the grande dame of the feminist movement" in France.{{sfn|Newhall|1999|pp=145–147}} She was born into a Jewish middle-class, republican family. Her familial environment was not inclined to let women study, especially not when they were over 17. Already a "liberated" woman (for the time), it was her meeting, and subsequent marriage to, Léon Brunschvicg, a feminist philosopher and member of the Ligue des droits de l'homme, that spurred her to feminist activism; she became vice-president of the League of Electors for women's suffrage. The French Union for Women's Suffrage (UFSF: Union française pour le suffrage des femmes) was founded by a group of feminists who had attended a national congress of French feminists in Paris in 1908, led by Jeanne Schmahl and Jane Misme.{{sfn|Hause|2002}} The UFSF provided a less militant and more widely acceptable alternative to the Suffrage des femmes of Hubertine Auclert (1848–1914). The sole objective was to obtain women's suffrage through legal approaches.{{sfn|Hause|2002}} The founding meeting of 300 women was held in February 1909. Cécile Brunschvicg was made secretary-general.{{sfn|Hause|2002}} Schmahl was the first president.{{sfn|The Woman Movement In France and Its Leader 1911|p=4}} Eliska Vincent accepted the position of honorary vice-president.{{sfn|Rappaport|2001|p=726}} The UFSF was formally recognized by the International Woman Suffrage Alliance (IWFA) congress in London in April 1909 as representing the French suffrage movement.{{sfn|Hause|2002}} Cécile Brunschvicg was named Undersecretary of State for national education in the first Léon Blum government. NotesSources{{refbegin}}
|last=Hause|first=Steven C.|chapter=Union Française Pour Le Suffrage Des Femmes (UFSF) |title=Women's Studies Encyclopedia|editor=Helen Tierney|publisher=Greenwood Press|year=2002|accessdate=2015-03-13}}
|last=Newhall|first=David S.|year=1999|publisher=Yorkin Publications|location=Waterford, CT|isbn=0-7876-4062-X|chapter=Brunschvicg, Cécile}}
|last=Rappaport|first=Helen|title=Encyclopedia of Women Social Reformers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rpuSzowmIkgC&pg=PA725|accessdate=2013-09-14 |year=2001|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-57607-101-4}}
|title=The Woman Movement In France and Its Leader|journal=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle|location=New York |date=1911-09-04 |via=newspapers.com|accessdate=2015-03-23}}{{Open access}}
13 : 1877 births|1946 deaths|People from Enghien-les-Bains|French Jews|Radical Party (France) politicians|French feminists|Secretaries of State of France|French women in politics|French women in World War I|French suffragists|Women government ministers of France|20th-century French politicians|20th-century women politicians |
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