| 词条 | David Calvert-Smith |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = The Honourable Sir | name = David Calvert-Smith | honorific-suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|QC|size=100%}} | image = Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (HM Government).svg | office = Director of Public Prosecutions of England and Wales | term_start = January 1998 | term_end = September 2003 |monarch = Elizabeth II |predecessor = Dame Barbara Mills |successor = Ken Macdonald | image_size = 100px | alt = | caption = Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom | pronunciation = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1945|4|6|df=y}} | birth_name = David Calvert-Smith | birth_place = London, England | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = British | parents = |author= | ethnicity = | citizenship = | alma_mater = King's College, Cambridge | occupation = High Court Judge | website = }}Sir David Calvert-Smith, QC (born 6 April 1945), styled The Hon. Mr Justice Calvert-Smith, is a retired British judge. He was Director of Public Prosecutions of England and Wales from 1998 to 2003 and then a High Court judge. Educated at Eton College and King's College Cambridge, he was called to the bar at the Middle Temple in 1969 and became a queen's counsel in 1997. He was knighted in 2002 and sat as a High Court judge from 2005–2012. Mr Justice Calvert-Smith is an honorary member of QEB Hollis Whiteman.[1] CareerEarly careerAfter beginning his career both prosecuting and defending, he specialised in prosecution work from 1986, including several cases of murder, terrorism and organised crime. Directorship of Public ProsecutionsIn October 1998, he became Director of Public Prosecutions and head of the Crown Prosecution Service, a post he held for five years. During his tenure, the failure of the prosecutions of Paul Burrell and the killers of Damilola Taylor damaged the Service's reputation, and the CPS was described as "institutionally racist" by him and two reports.[2][3] Notable successes were the prosecutions of serial killer Harold Shipman and former spy David Shayler. When the Human Rights Act 1998 was passed (most of which came into force in 2000), Calvert-Smith was the first DPP to have to deal with the impact it was expected to have on criminal trials.[4] In 2002, he opposed proposals to change the law to deem a person found in possession of drugs to be guilty of possession with intent to supply if the quantity exceeded a certain amount. In a letter to Parliament, he wrote: "the best approach is for the jury to focus on weighing the evidence tending to demonstrate intent to supply ... as opposed to this issue being determined with reference to an arbitrary amount".[5] However, the law was changed after he left office, by the Drugs Act 2005. Towards the end of his term, he piloted a new system in which CPS lawyers, instead of police officers, would make decisions about charging suspects, resulting in a 15 percent increase in convictions. This policy was fully implemented by his successor. Later careerIn 2004, he was acting director of the Customs and Excise Prosecutions Office. In 2005, he led an inquiry for the Commission for Racial Equality into how the police forces of England and Wales deal with racism within their ranks. The inquiry reported in March 2005. At a press conference Calvert-Smith said that "willingness to change at the top is not translating into action lower down, particularly in middle-management where you find the ice in the heart of the Police Service."[6] RetirementMr Justice David Calvert-Smith retired from the High Court (Queens Bench Division) on 30 September 2012.[7] References1. ^{{cite news|title=David Calvert-Smith leads a parole board confronted by an unprecedented backlog of hearings and little option but to keep inmates waiting in overcrowded prisons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2014/sep/24/david-calvert-smith-parole-board-head-under-prisoner-release-pressure |accessdate=1 August 2017|date=1 August 2017}} {{s-start}}{{succession box2. ^bbc.co.uk: "In an interview for BBC Radio 4's On The Ropes (Tuesday 25 June, 9.00am), the Director of Public Prosecutions says he believes that British society is racist." 3. ^[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2003/10/22/ncps22.xml telegraph.co.uk:] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060212011147/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2003%2F10%2F22%2Fncps22.xml |date=2006-02-12 }} 4. ^innocent.org.uk: {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060625225651/http://www.innocent.org.uk/misc/disclosure.html |date=2006-06-25 }} 5. ^[https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmhaff/318/318ap30.htm Quote by Sir David Calvert-Smith, QC], publications.parliament.uk; accessed 10 April 2016. 6. ^cre.gov.uk: {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060821210711/http://www.cre.gov.uk/Default.aspx.LocID-0hgnew058.RefLocID-0hg00900c001001.Lang-EN.htm |date=2006-08-21 }} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Retirement of The Honourable Mr Justice Calvert-Smith|url=http://www.justice.gov.uk/news/judicial-appointments/judicial-041012-142|publisher=Ministry of Justice}} | title=Director of Public Prosecutions | before=Dame Barbara Mills | after=Ken Macdonald | years=1998–2003 }}{{Succession box | title = Chairman of the Parole Board (England & Wales) | years = 2012 – Present | before = Sir David Latham | after = Incumbent }}{{s-end}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Calvert-Smith, David}} 12 : 1945 births|Living people|Alumni of King's College, Cambridge|English barristers|English Queen's Counsel|Directors of Public Prosecutions (England and Wales)|English judges|Knights Bachelor|Members of the Middle Temple|People educated at Eton College|Queen's Bench Division judges|Queen's Counsel 1901–2000 |
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