词条 | DeCavalcante crime family |
释义 |
| name = DeCavalcante Family | image = | caption = | founded = 1900s | founding_location = Northern New Jersey | founder = Stefano Badami | named_after = Simone DeCavalcante | years_active = 1900s-present | territory = Northern New Jersey, Trenton, Atlantic City. The family also maintains territory in New York, Connecticut and Florida[1] | ethnicity = Men of Italian descent, other ethnicities as "associates". | membership = 40-60 made members,[1] approximately 100 associates | activities = Bootlegging, drug trafficking, extortion, fencing, fraud, hijacking, illegal gambling, loan-sharking, money laundering, murder, thefts, pornography, prostitution, racketeering. | allies = Five Families Patriarca crime family Philadelphia crime family Pagans Motorcycle Club | rivals = Various gangs over NJ, including their allies }} The DeCavalcante crime family is an Italian-American organized crime family that operates in Elizabeth, New Jersey,[2] and surrounding areas in the state and is part of the nationwide criminal phenomenon known as the American Mafia (or Cosa Nostra). It operates on the other side of the Hudson River from the Five Families of New York, but it maintains strong relations with many of them, as well as with the Philadelphia crime family and the Patriarca crime family of New England. Its illicit activities include bookmaking, building, cement, and construction violations, bootlegging, corruption, drug trafficking, extortion, fencing, fraud, hijacking, illegal gambling, loan-sharking, money laundering, murder, pier thefts, pornography, prostitution, racketeering, and waste management violations. The DeCavalcantes are, in part, the inspiration for the fictional DiMeo crime family of HBO's dramatic series The Sopranos.[3] The DeCavalcante family was the subject of the CNBC program Mob Money, which aired on June 23, 2010,[4] and The Real Sopranos TV documentary (first airdate April 26, 2006) directed by Thomas Viner for the UK production company Class Films.[5] HistoryBeginningsThe DeCavalcante family was not recognized as an autonomous crime family by The Commission until the regime of Simone DeCavalcante. There were several bosses in North Jersey during the Prohibition era controlling transportation of alcohol and whiskey into New York City. There were two Mafia families based in New Jersey: the Newark family headed by Gaspare D'Amico, and the Elizabeth family headed by Stefano Badami.[6] The New York City families had crews operating in New Jersey: the Masseria family's New Jersey faction, and the Reina family's Jersey crew. There was also Abner Zwillman, a Jewish gangster operating in Newark and the Philadelphia crime family operating in South Jersey. In 1935, Vincenzo Troia, a former associate of Salvatore Maranzano's, conspired to take over the Newark family and was murdered.[7][8] Two years later, in 1937, D'Amico fled the United States after a failed assassination attempt on his life, ordered by Joseph Profaci. The Commission decided to divide up his territory among the Five Families and Badami's Elizabeth family.[9] Stefano "Steve" Badami became the boss of the Elizabeth-Newark family; however, his reign proved to be very disruptive, as members of the Newark and the Elizabeth factions began fighting for total control of New Jersey. Badami kept controlling the crew up to the 1950s, but he was suddenly murdered in 1955 in what appears to have been another power struggle between the two factions. Badami's underboss and fellow mobster Filippo Amari stepped up to run the illegal operations. Filippo "Phil" Amari was a mobster recognized by US law enforcement as being heavily involved with extortion, labor racketeering, loansharking, and narcotics activities in Newark and New York City. He was considered the new head of the New Jersey organization, but his reign proved to be very short, as there were multiple factions operating underneath who all conspired to take over. While still in charge, he relocated to Sicily and was replaced by Nicholas "Nick" Delmore. Delmore attended the infamous 1957 Apalachin Convention to represent the small New Jersey crime family, with underbosses of Elizabeth and Newark Frank Majuri and Louis "Fat Lou" LaRasso. Delmore kept running the organization until he became ill in the early 1960s, and the rebellious times of New Jersey had ended. He died in 1964, and his nephew Simone DeCavalcante was installed as new boss of the officially recognized "DeCavalcante crime family" of North Jersey. Simone DeCavalcanteThe official criminal organization began with Simone DeCavalcante, a diplomatic "old school" don known as "Sam the Plumber" and "The Count". He was born in 1913 and was a mobster involved in illegal gambling, murder, and racketeering for most of his life. He died of a heart attack at the age of 84. Between 1964, when he rose to power, and 1969, when he was incarcerated, he doubled the number of made men within his family. He owned Kenilworth Heating and Air Conditioning in Kenilworth, New Jersey as a legal front and source of taxable income, for which he gained the nickname "Sam the Plumber." Sam DeCavalcante also claimed to be of Italian royal lineage, so another nickname he bore was "The Count." He gained much respect because he won a coveted place on the infamous Commission, a governing body for the U.S. Mafia which included the Five Families of New York and the Chicago Outfit of the Midwest. Mob representatives of Miami were also included. DeCavalcante and 54 associates were charged and tried; he pleaded guilty to operating a gambling racket turning over $20 million a year. At the same time, a New York State report indicated that he and another Mafia family controlled 90% of pornography stores in New York City. DeCavalcante was sentenced to five years in prison and, upon his released, he retired to a high-rise condo in Florida and largely stayed out of Mafia business, although the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) believed that he was still advising the family into the early 1990s. John RiggiAfter DeCavalcante left prison in the mid-1970s, he appointed Giovanni "John the Eagle" Riggi as acting boss of the family while he stayed semi-retired in Florida. DeCavalcante stepped down as boss officially in 1980, passing leadership to Riggi,[10] who had been a business agent of the International Association of Laborers and Hod Carriers in New Jersey for years. Riggi was promoted to the position of official boss, and he reaped the enormous benefits of large labor and construction racketeering,[10] loansharking, illegal gambling, and extortion activities. Riggi also had the family maintain their old traditions, which Sam DeCavalcante saw as unnecessary. Riggi used his power and influence to place subcontractors and workers at various construction projects around the state, and the DeCavalcantes were able to steal from union welfare and pension funds. Riggi continued to run the family throughout the 1980s, with underboss Girolamo "Jimmy" Palermo and Stefano Vitabile as consigliere,[11] after Frank Majuri died of health problems. It was around the mid-1980s that Riggi fell increasingly under the influence of Gambino crime family boss John Gotti.[12] After Riggi's conviction for racketeering, he appointed John D'Amato as acting boss of the family in 1990. D'Amato was later revealed to have participated in homosexual acts and was murdered in 1992.[13] Riggi continued to run the family from his jail cell, but he appointed Giacomo "Jake" Amari as his new acting boss. All was seemingly settled until Amari became ill and died slowly of stomach cancer in 1997. This caused a massive power vacuum within the family, with high-ranking members pushing to become the next boss of the DeCavalcante crime family. The Ruling PanelAfter acting boss Amari's death, Riggi organized a three-man ruling panel in 1998 to run the day-to-day business of the crime family,[14] consisting of Girolamo Palermo, Vincent Palermo (no relation), and Charles Majuri,[15] with Stefano Vitabile as the reputed consigliere and adviser to the three. The Panel, however, infuriated longtime captain Charles Majuri, who had been a hardworking member of the family since his teens and felt that he was wronged when he was not selected as the only acting boss.[15] To gain complete control of the DeCavalcante family, Majuri decided that he should murder Vincent Palermo, leaving himself in charge of the family.[15] Majuri contracted soldier James Gallo to murder Vincent Palermo; however, Gallo was a strong ally and friend of Vincent Palermo's, and told him about Majuri's plans.[15] In retaliation, Vincent Palermo decided to have Majuri murdered. However, after one plot fell through, the murder was eventually called off.[15] Informants and convictionsToward the late 1990s, the Ruling Panel kept running the DeCavalcante crime family with Giovanni Riggi still behind bars as the boss. The downfall of the DeCavalcante family was precipitated in 1998, when an associate named Ralph Guarino became an FBI informant, in an effort to avoid a long prison sentence in connection with taking part with two others in a heist of $1.6 million from the World Trade Center.[15] Guarino spent ten years undercover working for the FBI. He wore a listening device and recorded conversations that mobsters would have about criminal business. During Guarino's time as an informant, fellow mobster Joseph Masella was gunned down on the orders of Vincent Palermo.[15] Using information provided by Guarino, US law enforcement launched a large scale arrest on December 2, 1999 of over 30 members and associates of the DeCavalcante crime family.[16] Palermo realized they would likely spend the rest of their lives behind bars and decided to cooperate with the FBI in exchange for a lenient sentence.[16] This resulted in the arrest of 12 more men less than a year later.[16] This decimated the crime family's hierarchy and put it on the brink of extinction.[16] Other top members, like Anthony Rotondo and Anthony Capo, also agreed to become government witnesses.[17] In 2001, 20 mobsters were charged with racketeering, seven murders, 14 murder conspiracies, attempted murder, extortion in the construction industry, and stock fraud.[16] This was the fourth indictment of the family since 1999. Since then, several other top mobsters agreed to become government witnesses in exchange for being given lenient or no sentences at all. US law enforcement even put Giovanni Riggi on trial, who was hoping to be released in 2003, and he was sentenced to 10 additional years in prison.[10] Current position and leadershipBetween 1999-2005, about 45 men were imprisoned, including the family's consigliere and seven capos.[18] With the decline of the DeCavalcante family, New York's Five Families have taken over many of the rackets in North New Jersey.[15] It is unknown how much influence, if any, John Riggi had maintained in the family. He was in jail since the early 1990s until his release from prison on November 27, 2012. Riggi, the boss of the DeCavalcante crime family for 33 years, died in 2015.[19] In March 2015, the FBI arrested 10 members and associates of the crime family on charges of conspiracy to commit murder and distribution of drugs. Members arrested include 71-year-old captain Charles "Beeps" Stango and 72-year-old consigliere Frank Nigro.[20] Associates Rosario Pali and Nicholas DeGidio were convicted on April 4, 2017, after pleading guilty to distributing more than 500 grams of cocaine. DeGidio was sentenced to a year and a half in prison, and Pali was sentenced to over 6 years.[21][22][23] Luigi Oliveri was charged with the possession of contraband cigarettes.[24] In March 2017, Stango was sentenced to 10 years in federal prison for conspiracy to commit murder.[25][26] Stango reportedly wanted Nigro and associate Paul Colella to get permission from the New Jersey hierarchy to kill Luigi Oliveri, however the murder was not carried out due to Stango not receiving a "yes-or-no" answer. Prosecutors claimed Stango and his son had plans to open a high-end escort service in the Toms River area. In 2016, his son Anthony Stango Jr. was sentenced to 6 years in prison after pleading guilty to using a telephone in interstate commerce to conduct a prostitution operation, conspiring to distribute five grams or more of cocaine, distributing more than $70,000 worth of cocaine and possessing a shotgun as a convicted felon; during an appearance before judge William H. Walls.[27] Historical leadershipBoss (official and acting)(excluding Gaspare D’Amico[28])
Underboss (official and acting)
Consigliere (official and acting)
CaposNorthern New Jersey Faction
Current soldiers
Government informants
Notes1. ^{{cite web|url=http://nymag.com/nymetro/news/crimelaw/features/10870/|title=What’s Left of the Mob|first=By Jerry|last=Capeci|website=NYMag.com}} 2. ^1 {{cite book|title=The Changing Face of Organized Crime in New Jersey: A Status Report|date= May 2004|pages=121–125|url=http://www.state.nj.us/sci/pdf/ocreport.pdf}} 3. ^{{cite news|last=Stasi|first=Linda|title=Story behind the real 'Sopranos'|url=http://www.nypost.com/p/entertainment/tv/story_behind_the_real_sopranos_6WwWzB3HbtEfL63vKrxrFN|accessdate=2012-03-18|newspaper=New York Post|date=2010-06-23}} 4. ^{{cite book|title=Mob Money|url=http://www.mobmoney.cnbc.com/ |date=June 23, 2010|publisher=CNBC}} 5. ^{{cite book|title=The Real Sopranos|author=Thomas Viner (Director)|date=April 26, 2006|publisher=Class Films|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0899094/}} 6. ^{{cite book|author=Newton, Michael |title=The Mafia at Apalachin|date= 1957 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JSht36wh7BkC&pg=PA95&dq=Stefano+Badami&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Fr1PVcokwcG1BYOOgIAM&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Stefano%20Badami&f=false |page=95}} 7. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.nevadaobserver.com/Chronological%20History%20of%20La%20Cosa%20Nostra%20(1988).htm |title=Chronological History of La Cosa Nostra in the United States, January 1920 - August 1987 |work=The Nevada Observer |date=January 8, 2006 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060703010757/http://www.nevadaobserver.com/Chronological%20History%20of%20La%20Cosa%20Nostra%20%281988%29.htm |archivedate=July 3, 2006 |df= }} 8. ^{{cite book|author=Nelli, Humbert S. |title= The business of crime: Italians and syndicate crime in the United States|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OSqBs8QgxZIC&pg=PA203&dq=Vincenzo+Troia&hl=en&ei=IkYBTZ-OCsK78gbHvOTmAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Vincenzo%20Troia%20&f=false |page= 203}} 9. ^{{cite book|author=DeVico, Peter J. |title=The Mafia Made Easy: The Anatomy and Culture of La Cosa Nostra|publisher= Tate Publishing|date= 2007|isbn= 1-60247-254-8}} 10. ^1 2 {{cite news| url=http://articles.nydailynews.com/2003-09-27/news/18240102_1_boss-john-gotti-then-gambino| location=New York | work=Daily News | title=SICK DON GETS 10 Real Soprano too ill for court | date=September 27, 2003|accessdate=2012-03-12}} 11. ^{{cite news| url=http://articles.nydailynews.com/2003-05-21/news/18229993_1_palermo-million-gift-fbi | location=New York | work=Daily News | title=Fbi's Star Snitch Admits Fibs | date=May 21, 2003|accessdate=2012-03-12}} 12. ^{{cite news|last=Zambito|first=Thomas|title=Don's Long Shadow Creeping Into Trial Of Brother|url=http://articles.nydailynews.com/2004-11-17/news/18273711_1_peter-gotti-crime-family-john-gotti|accessdate=2012-03-12| location=New York|newspaper=Daily News|date=2004-11-17}} 13. ^{{cite news| url=http://articles.nydailynews.com/2003-05-13/news/18230759_1_crime-family-vincent-palermo-fbi | location=New York | work=Daily News | title=RELIVING A GORY RUBOUT Big-time turncoat tells how a wiseguy got his | date=May 13, 2003|accessdate=2012-03-12}} 14. ^{{cite news| url=http://articles.nydailynews.com/2000-10-24/news/18146484_1_palermo-murder-conspiracies-decavalcante | location=New York | work=Daily News | title=REAL 'SOPRANO' SINGS N.J. mob boss cut secret deal | date=October 24, 2000|accessdate=2012-03-12}} 15. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite book|title=Mob Money|publisher= CNBC|url=http://www.mobmoney.cnbc.com/ |date= June 23, 2010}} 16. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|url=http://www.laborers.org/nyt_DeCavalcante_4-20-01.htm |title=New Charges for Mob Family as U.S. Indictment Names 20|author= Feuer, Alan|work=The New York Times|date= April 20, 2001}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nj.com/sopranos/ledger/index.ssf?/sopranos/ledger/index.ssf?/sopranos/stories/mafiosi_20030509sl_decavalcante00.html |title=Mob Story |publisher=Nj.com |date=2003-05-09 |accessdate=2012-03-12}} 18. ^{{cite news|last=Capeci|first=Jerry|title=What’s Left of the Mob|url=http://nymag.com/nymetro/news/crimelaw/features/10870/|accessdate=2012-03-12|newspaper=New York Maganize|date=2005-05-21}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bop.gov/iloc2/InmateFinderServlet?Transaction=NameSearch&needingMoreList=false&FirstName=John&Middle=&LastName=Riggi&Race=U&Sex=U&Age=&x=0&y=0 |website=Federal Bureau of Prisons |title=John Riggi}} 20. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.courierpostonline.com/story/news/crime/2015/03/12/fbi-announces-new-jersey-mafia-arrests/70211880/|title=FBI announces 10 New Jersey mafia arrests|agency=Associated Press|date=12 March 2015|accessdate=14 March 2015}} 21. ^{{cite web|title=2 Union County DeCavalcante Crime Family Members Admit Selling Cocaine|url=https://patch.com/new-jersey/westfield/2-union-county-decavalcante-crime-family-members-admit-selling-cocaine|website=Westfield Patch|publisher=Alexis Tarrazi|accessdate=9 April 2018}} 22. ^{{cite web|title=Members Of DeCavalcante Crime Family Sentenced To Prison Terms For Distributing Cocaine|url=https://www.justice.gov/usao-nj/pr/members-decavalcante-crime-family-sentenced-prison-terms-distributing-cocaine|website=US Justice Department|accessdate=9 April 2018}} 23. ^{{cite web|title=Ten Members and Associates of Decavalcante Organized Crime Family Arrested|url=https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/newark/news/press-releases/ten-members-and-associates-of-decavalcante-organized-crime-family-arrested|website=FBI|accessdate=29 November 2017}} 24. ^{{cite web|title=Linden crime family associate gets 6 years|url=http://www.mycentraljersey.com/story/news/crime/jersey-mayhem/2017/04/04/linden-crime-family-associate-gets-6-years/100029784/|website=My Central Jersey|accessdate=28 November 2017}} 25. ^{{cite web|title=DeCavalcante Captain Admits Planning Rival's Murder: U.S. Attorney|url=https://patch.com/new-jersey/tomsriver/decavalcante-captain-admits-planning-rivals-murder-u-s-attorney|website=Patch.com|accessdate=29 November 2017}} 26. ^{{cite web|title=Toms River brothel capo gets 10 years in murder plot|url=http://www.app.com/story/news/local/courts/2017/03/28/toms-river-brothel-capo-gets-10-years-murder-plot/99729842/|website=APP|accessdate=25 September 2017}} 27. ^{{cite web|title=Son of accused 'Sopranos' mobster admits plot to run prostitution biz|url=http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2015/08/son_of_accused_sopranos_mobster_admits_plot_to_run.html|website=NJ.com|accessdate=25 September 2017}} 28. ^{{cite book|author=Critchley, David |title=The origin of organized crime in America: the New York City mafia, 1891-1931 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0_wq1QreSSoC&pg=PA290&dq=Gaspare+D%E2%80%99Amico&hl=en&ei=ucxCTvyNEeHb0QHO_vSMAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gaspare%20D%E2%80%99Amico&f=false |page=290}} 29. ^{{cite news|work=Organized crime and illicit traffic narcotics|volume= 1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=9NBCTpr1LsregQevx7XDCQ&ct=result&id=lgkvAAAAMAAJ&dq=Badami+was+murdered+by+being+stabbed+forty+times+with+a+stiletto&q=stiletto |page=333|title=Stefano Badami}} 30. ^Deitche, [https://books.google.com/books?id=K8o0DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA179&lpg=PA179&dq=Francesco+%22Frank%22+Guarraci&source=bl&ots=nq9Xj0TOw3&sig=___8sBIARErDLUn8S3Aaa8BwCrQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiDgsS2kM_ZAhWict8KHUFwCqgQ6AEIeTAP#v=onepage&q=Francesco%20%22Frank%22%20Guarraci&f=false pp180] 31. ^{{cite book|author=Capeci, Jerry |title=The complete idiot's guide to the Mafia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GhfExAeLSBAC&pg=PA70&dq=steve+badami&hl=en&ei=BMVCTq-8Lubr0gGBxsyoCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false |page=70 }} 32. ^[https://www.justice.gov/usao-nj/pr/ten-members-and-associates-decavalcante-organized-crime-family-arrested Ten Members and Associates of Decavalcante Organized Crime Family Arrested] - Department of Justice U.S. Attorney’s Office District of New Jersey 33. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.crimelibrary.com/gangsters_outlaws/mob_bosses/sopranos/6.html |title=Real Life Sopranos |publisher=Crimelibrary.com |date=2012-03-06 |accessdate=2012-03-12 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080417023335/http://www.crimelibrary.com/gangsters_outlaws/mob_bosses/sopranos/6.html |archivedate=2008-04-17 |df= }} 34. ^DOJ Press Release United States Attorney Southern District of New York 35. ^Profile of DeCavalcante crime family capo Charles Stango - Gangsters Inc.(12/02/2016) 36. ^{{cite news|title=THE MOB ON WALL STREET |work=Businessweek |url=http://www.businessweek.com/1997/13/b3520108.htm|date=1997}} 37. ^{{cite web|title=Reputed N.J. mobster admits road-rage assault caught on tape|url=http://www.philly.com/philly/news/crime/NJ-mobster-road-rage-tape-4-11-2017.html|website=Philly.com|accessdate=25 September 2017}} 38. ^{{cite web|title='Sopranos' mobster returns to jail after punching another driver in vicious road rage attack while victim's screaming wife called the cops|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4399938/Sopranos-mobster-pleads-guilty-violating-parole.html|website=The Dailymail|accessdate=25 September 2017}} 39. ^{{cite news|title=Crime Family Dealt a Blow, Police Say|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/10/20/nyregion/crime-family-dealt-a-blow-police-say.html|accessdate=26 February 2018|agency=The New York Times|publisher=WILLIAM K. RASHBAUM|date=20 October 2000}} 40. ^{{cite web|title=2 JERSEY MOBSTERS ADMIT BUMPING OFF ‘FAT LOU’ IN ’91|url=https://nypost.com/2003/04/22/2-jersey-mobsters-admit-bumping-off-fat-lou-in-91/|website=NY POST|publisher=John Lehmann|accessdate=26 February 2018}} 41. ^{{cite web|title=DeCavalcante indictment|url=http://www.ipsn.org/indictments/loren-maltese_indictment/decavalcante_indictment2.htm|website=ISPN|accessdate=26 February 2018}} 42. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ipsn.org/indictments/loren-maltese_indictment/decavalcante_indictment2.htm |title=Decavalcante Indictment |publisher=Ipsn.org |date= |accessdate=2012-03-12}} 43. ^{{cite press release|url=http://www.ipsn.org/indictments/loren-maltese_indictment/doj_pressrel_decavalcante.htm |title=DOJ Press release on DeCavalcante Indictment |publisher=Ipsn.org |date=1999-12-02 |accessdate=2012-03-12}} 44. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bop.gov/iloc2/InmateFinderServlet?Transaction=NameSearch&needingMoreList=false&LastName=Rago&Middle=&FirstName=gregory&Race=U&Sex=U&Age=&x=0&y=0 |website=Bureau of Prisons |title=Inmate Locator: Gregory Rago}} 45. ^{{cite web |title=John Riggi: Leader of the DeCavalcante crime family – the notorious real-life inspiration for 'The Sopranos' |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/john-riggi-leader-of-the-decavalcante-crime-family-the-notorious-real-life-inspiration-for-the-10446466.html |website=The Independent |publisher=Marcus Williamson |accessdate=30 May 2018}} 46. ^{{cite web|title=FBI agent ID’s Greco as suspect in mob hit|url=https://lasvegassun.com/news/1999/dec/08/fbi-agent-ids-greco-as-suspect-in-mob-hit/|website=Las Vegas Sun|publisher=Kim Smith|accessdate=14 May 2018}} 47. ^{{cite web|title=Police Arrest 39 Allegedly Tied To Organized Crime Family|url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1999-12-03/news/9912021081_1_crime-family-gambino-colombo-crime|website=Sun Sentinel|publisher=3 December 1999|accessdate=14 May 2018}} 48. ^{{cite news|title=FBI nabs 40 mobsters in 4-state sweep|url=http://archives.cnn.com/1999/US/12/03/mafia.sweep.01/index.html|accessdate=14 May 2018|agency=CNN|date=3 December 1999}} 49. ^{{cite news|title='Tony Soprano' Mafia boss sings to the judge|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/1431116/Tony-Soprano-Mafia-boss-sings-to-the-judge.html|accessdate=14 May 2018|agency=The Telegraph|publisher=Charles Laurence|date=25 May 2003}} 50. ^{{cite news|title=MOB TURNCOAT SPILLING TO FBI Vinnie Ocean set to scuttle 5 families.|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/mob-turncoat-spilling-fbi-vinnie-ocean-set-scuttle-5-families-article-1.665836|accessdate=14 May 2018|agency=NY DAILY NEWS|publisher=Greg Smith|date=12 May 2003}} 51. ^{{cite news|title=GOTTI SHOWN GIVING SMOOCH TO GAY MOBSTER|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/gotti-shown-giving-smooch-gay-mobster-article-1.674578|accessdate=14 May 2018|agency=NY DAILY NEWS|publisher=Greg Smith|date=1 May 2003}} 52. ^{{cite news|title=Hit man's confessions Mob turncoat tells court of his blood-soaked life|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/hit-man-confessions-mob-turncoat-tells-court-blood-soaked-life-article-1.494219|accessdate=14 May 2018|agency=NY DAILY NEWS|publisher=Greg Smith|date=26 July 2002}} 53. ^{{cite web|title=Mob rat squeals no more|url=https://nypost.com/2012/01/25/mob-rat-squeals-no-more/|website=NY POST|publisher=Jamie Schram|accessdate=14 May 2018}} 54. ^{{cite web|title=HUNTING FOR THE 'BEAST'|url=https://nypost.com/2003/05/16/hunting-for-the-beast/|website=NY POST|publisher=John Lehmann|accessdate=14 May 2018}} 55. ^{{cite web|title=SINGING ‘SOPRANO’ – MOB RAT PEGS PETER AS BOSS|url=https://nypost.com/2004/11/17/singing-soprano-mob-rat-pegs-peter-as-boss/|website=NY POST|publisher=Carl Campanile|accessdate=14 May 2018}} 56. ^{{cite web|title=Feds were investigating slain union organizer|url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1988/01/05/Feds-were-investigating-slain-union-organizer/7660568357200/|website=UPI|publisher=William Rashbaum|accessdate=14 May 2018}} 57. ^{{cite news|title=A TONY, BUT NOT SOPRANO Turncoat testifies against N.J. mob|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/tony-not-soprano-turncoat-testifies-n-mob-article-1.661823|accessdate=14 May 2018|agency=NY DAILY NEWS|publisher=Greg Smith|date=7 May 2003}} References{{refbegin}}
Further readingBooks
Court proceedings
News and reports
4 : DeCavalcante crime family|Italian-American crime families|Gangs in New Jersey|The Sopranos |
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