| 词条 | Carel Fabritius | |||||
| 释义 |
| name = Carel Fabritius | image = Carel Fabritius - Self-Portrait - Google Art Project.jpg | alt = Portrait of a man with long hair wearing brown clothes over a light shirt | caption = Self-portrait ({{circa}} 1645) | birth_name = Carel Pietersz. Fabritius | birth_date = baptised 27 February 1622 | birth_place = Middenbeemster, Dutch Republic | death_date = 12 October 1654 (aged 32) | death_place = Delft, Dutch Republic | nationality = | education = Rembrandt | alma_mater = | known_for = | notable_works = | style = | movement = Delft School | spouse = Agatha van Pruyssen }} Carel Pietersz. Fabritius ({{IPA-nl|ˈkaːrəl ˈpitərs faːˈbritsijɵs}}; bapt. 27 February 1622 – 12 October 1654) was a Dutch painter. He was a pupil of Rembrandt and worked in his studio in Amsterdam. Fabritius, who was a member of the Delft School, developed his own artistic style and experimented with perspective and lighting. Among his works are A View of Delft (1652), The Goldfinch (1654), and The Sentry (1654). BiographyCarel Pietersz. Fabritius was born in February 1622 in Middenbeemster, a village in the ten-year-old Beemster polder in the Dutch Republic, and was baptized on 27 February of that year.[1] He was the son of Pieter Carelsz., a painter and schoolteacher,{{cn|date=August 2014}} and he had two younger brothers Barent and Johannes, who also became painters.[1][2][3] Initially he worked as a carpenter (Latin: fabritius). In the early 1640s he studied at Rembrandt's studio in Amsterdam, along with his brother Barent. In the early 1650s he moved to Delft, and joined the Delft painters' guild in 1652. Fabritius died young, caught in the explosion of the Delft gunpowder magazine on October 12, 1654, which destroyed a quarter of the city, along with his studio and many of his paintings. Only about a dozen paintings have survived.[5] According to Houbraken, his student Mattias Spoors and the church deacon Simon Decker died with him, since they were working on a painting together at the time.[4] In a poem written by Arnold Bon to his memory, he is called Karel Faber.[4] PaintingOf all Rembrandt's pupils, Fabritius was the only one to develop his own artistic style. A typical Rembrandt portrait would have a plain dark background with the subject defined by spotlighting. In contrast, Fabritius' portraits feature delicately lit subjects against light-coloured, textured backgrounds. Moving away from the Renaissance focus on iconography, Fabritius became interested in the technical aspects of painting. He used cool colour harmonies to create shape in a luminous style of painting. Fabritius was also interested in complex spatial effects, as can be seen in the exaggerated perspective of A View of Delft, with a Musical Instrument Seller's Stall (1652). He also showed excellent control of a heavily loaded brush, as in The Goldfinch (1654). All these qualities appear in the work of Delft's most famous painters, Vermeer and de Hooch; it is likely that Fabritius was a strong influence on them. List of works
Notes1. ^1 {{nl icon}} [https://rkd.nl/nl/explore/artists/27138 Carel Fabritius], Netherlands Institute for Art History. Retrieved on 21 August 2014. 2. ^{{nl icon}} [https://rkd.nl/nl/explore/artists/27137 Barent Fabritius], Netherlands Institute for Art History. Retrieved on 21 August 2014. 3. ^{{nl icon}} [https://rkd.nl/nl/explore/artists/27141 Johannes Fabritius], Netherlands Institute for Art History. Retrieved on 21 August 2014. 4. ^1 2 Karel Fabricius biography in De groote schouburgh der Nederlantsche konstschilders en schilderessen (1718) by Arnold Houbraken, courtesy of the Digital library for Dutch literature 5. ^Self-portrait, Carel Fabritius, c. 1645, Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen. Retrieved on 21 August 2014. 6. ^A Girl with a Broom, National Gallery of Art. Retrieved on 21 August 2014. 7. ^[https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/collection/SK-A-1591 Portrait of Abraham de Potter, Amsterdam Silk Merchant, Carel Fabritius, 1649], Rijksmuseum. Retrieved on 21 August 2014. 8. ^1 {{Art UK bio}} References
External links{{Commons category|Carel Fabritius}}
7 : 1622 births|1654 deaths|Dutch Golden Age painters|Dutch male painters|Members of the Delft Guild of Saint Luke|People from Beemster|Pupils of Rembrandt |
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