| 词条 | Dental instruments |
| 释义 |
Dental instruments are tools that dental professionals use to provide dental treatment. They include tools to examine, manipulate, treat, restore and remove teeth and surrounding oral structures. Standard instruments are the instruments used to examine, restore and extract teeth and manipulate tissues.[1] Examination instrumentsThese tools allow dental professionals to manipulate tissues for better visual access during treatment or during dental examination. Mirror{{Main|Mouth mirror}}Dental mirrors are used by the dentist or dental auxiliary to view a mirror image of the teeth in locations of the mouth where visibility is difficult or impossible. They also are used for reflecting light onto desired surfaces, indirect vision, and with retraction of soft tissues to improve access or vision. Probes
Retractors
Local anesthesia
Anesthesia is broken down into three main categories: local, regional, and general, all of which affect the nervous system in some way and can be administered using various methods and different medications. Local anesthesia is an anesthetic drug (which can be given as a shot, spray, or ointment) that numbs only a small, specific area of the body (for example, a foot, hand, or patch of skin). With local anesthesia, a person is awake while sedated. Local anesthesia lasts for a short period of time and is often used for minor outpatient procedures (when patients come in for surgery and can go home that same day). For someone having outpatient surgery in a clinic or doctor's office (such as the dentist or dermatologist), this anesthetic is likely used. The medicine can numb the area during the procedure and for a short time afterwards to help control post-surgery discomfort. Dental handpieces{{Main|Dental drill}}Dental handpieces come in many various types which include: High speed air driven (also known as an airotor), slow speed, friction grip, surgical hand piece. Dental laserA dental laser is a type of laser designed specifically for use in oral surgery or dentistry. The use of a laser can decrease morbidity after surgery, and reduces the need for anesthetics. Because of the cauterization of tissue there will be little bleeding following soft tissue procedures, and some risks of alternative electrosurgery procedures are avoided. Dental torque wrenchA dental torque wrench or restorative torque wrench is a torque wrench used to precisely apply a specific torque to a fastener bolt for fixation of an abutment, dentures or prosthetics on a dental implant.[2] BursDental Burs cutting surface are either made of a multifluted tungsten carbide, a diamond coated tip, or a stainless steel multi fluted rosehead. There are many different types and classifications of burs. Some of the most common are: the round bur (sizes ¼ to 10) or inverted cone (sizes 33½ to 90L). Burs are also classified by the type of shank. For instance a latch type, or right angle bur, is only used in the slow speed handpiece with contra-angle attachment. Long shank or shaft is only used in the slow speed when the contra-angle is not in use, and finally a friction grip bur, which is a small bur, is used only in the high-speed handpiece. There are many bur shapes that are utilized in various specific procedures. Operative bursFlat fissure, pear-shaped, football, round, tapered, flame, chamfer, bevel, end cut, bud bur, steel, inverted cone, diamond, brown stone, and green-stone Restorative instrumentsExcavators
Burnishers
Burnishers are used for polishing and contouring amalgam fillings and to polish composite fillings. PluggersPluggers are also known as amalgam condensers. They are used to achieve a well condensed filling by compressing the filling material into the cavity and applying pressure.[4]
Periodontal instruments{{Main|They can be seen as the types of instruments which are used for periodontal therapy. The are generally classified into two. They are the fine and heavy instruments.}}Fine scalersare those which are used in the removal of soft deposit. They include:
Heavy scalers Are seen as the scalers used in the removal for heavy tartar and stain which are not been removed by the fine scalers. They include :
Curettes{{Main|Periodontal curette}}Types include:
Prosthodontic instrumentsRemovable prosthodontics
Extraction/surgical instrumentsDental forceps
===Elevators===
Chisels
Orthodontic instruments
Endodontic instruments
See also
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://faculty.atu.edu/cbrucker/Engl2053/Samples/DGA03.htm|title=Classification of Dental Instruments|last=|first=|date=|website=Arkansas Tech University|publisher=|access-date=2017-01-12}} {{Dentistry}}{{MedInst}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Dental Instruments}}2. ^{{Cite journal | author = Mahmood Kazemi, Ahmad Rohanian, Abbas Monzavi & Mohammad Sadegh Nazari | title = Evaluation of the accuracy and related factors of the mechanical torque-limiting device for dental implants | journal = Journal of dentistry (Tehran, Iran) | volume = 10 | issue = 2 | pages = 112–118 |date=March 2013 | pmid = 23724209 | pmc=3666070}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.drchetan.com/different-types-of-dental-excavators.html|title=Dental excavators|website=www.drchetan.com|access-date=2017-01-12}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.nhsdentistlurgan.com/resouces/Ns%20Instruments-final.pdf|title=Common Instruments Used in Dental Examination|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}} 3 : Dental materials|Dental equipment|Medical equipment |
| 随便看 |
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。