词条 | Department of the Gulf |
释义 |
The Department of the Gulf was a command of the United States Army in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and of the Confederate States Army during the Civil War. HistoryUnited States Army (Civil War)CreationThe department was constituted on February 23, 1862 when the United States War Department issued General Orders No. 20; the department consisted of "...all of the coast of the Gulf of Mexico west of Pensacola harbor, and so much of the Gulf States as may be occupied by the forces under Major General B.F. Butler." On March 20, 1862, Butler activated his command at Ship Island, Mississippi by issuing General Orders No. 1 (Department of the Gulf) assuming his new command.[1] ActivitiesUnited States Navy's West Gulf Blockading Squadron captured New Orleans, Louisiana on April 29, 1862, Butler moved his headquarters to New Orleans on 1 May. The department, sometimes referred to as the Army of the Gulf, became a union occupying force in the region.[1] Commanders
Confederate States ArmyOrganizationThe department, frequently referred to as the Gulf District, was established on July 2, 1862 as a part of Department No. 2; its area was defined as the coast from the Pearl River to the Apalachicola River northward to latitude 32° north. On November 3, 1863, the northern boundary was extended to latitude 33° north. On July 25, 1863, the department/district was transferred to the Department of Mississippi and Eastern Louisiana.[3] It remained in that department only until January 28, 1864, when it was transferred to the Department of Alabama and Eastern Mississippi.[3] Upon being transferred, the department/district boundaries were redefined as beginning at the mouth of the Pearl River, running north to latitude 32° north, east to the Georgia State line and south to the Gulf of Mexico.[3] On May 8, 1864, the boundary was again modified to define the eastern edge as being the intersection of latitude 32° north with a line running from the junction of the Coosa and Tallapoosa to point where the Choctawhatchee River entered Florida then following the Choctawhatchee to its mouth on the Gulf of Mexico.[3] The department/district surrendered on May 4, 1865.[3] Commanders
United States Army (Spanish–American War era)CreationThe department was constituted by General Order 7, Headquarters of the Army, Adjutant General's Office, dated March 11, 1898. The order specified that the department was to include the states of South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas. All of the named states had previously been included in the Department of the East except Texas which had been the sole state in the Department of Texas. The depart was redesignated as the Department of the South on March 12, 1898 and back to the Department of the Gulf on March 18, 1898. Brigadier General William M. Graham assumed command of the department on March 14, 1898. The department was headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia.[4] On October 25, 1899, the department was merged with the Department of the East.[5] It was reestablished in December 1903.[24] Commanders
...
References1. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Searles|first1=Harry|last2=Mangus|first2=Mike|title=Army of the Gulf (1862 - 1865)|url=http://www.ohiocivilwarcentral.com/entry.php?rec=1344|website=Ohio Civil War Central|accessdate=November 27, 2015}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|title=Dyer's Compendium (Union) Western Departments and Armies|url=http://www.civil-war.net/pages/dyers_western_departments_and_armies.asp|website=The Civil War Home Page|accessdate=November 27, 2015}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 {{cite book|last1=Eicher|first1=John H.|last2=Eicher|first2=David J.|title=Civil War High Commands|publisher=Stanford University Press|location=Stanford, California|isbn=0-8047-3641-3|page=871|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fs0Ajlnjl6AC|accessdate=November 27, 2015}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|title=Annual Report of the Major-General Commanding the Army to the Secretary of War|date=1899|publisher=Government Printing Office|location=Washington, D.C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5HAsAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=November 16, 2015}} 5. ^{{cite news |work=The Abbeville Press and Banner |location=Abbeville, SC |date=October 25, 1899 |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026853/1899-10-25/ed-1/seq-2/ |title=Department of the Gulf Abolished}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Cullum|first1=George Washington|authorlink1=George Washington Cullum|title=Biographical register of the officers and graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y., from its establishment, in 1802 : [Supplement, volume IV 1890-1900]|date=1901|publisher=The Riverside Press|location=Cambridge|page=119|url=http://digital-library.usma.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p16919coll3/id/14739/rec/8|accessdate=November 6, 2015}} 7. ^{{cite news |work=The Sun |location=New York, NY |date=March 25, 1899 |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1899-03-25/ed-1/seq-2/ |title=Gen. Frank gets a new Command}} 8. ^{{cite news |work=Virginian-Pilot |location=Norfolk, VA |date=January 6, 1900 |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86071779/1900-01-06/ed-1/seq-11/ |title=Twelve Brigadiers}} 9. ^1 {{cite news |work=The Gainesville Star |location=Gainesville, FL |date=December 22, 1903 |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn95047242/1903-12-22/ed-1/seq-2/ |title=Barry Supplants Hains}} 10. ^{{cite book|title=War Department Annual Reports|date=1905|publisher=Government Printing Office|location=Washington, D.C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xOU0hApUFhEC|accessdate=November 17, 2015}} 11. ^{{cite news |work=Evening Star |location=Washington, DC |date=May 17, 1905 |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1905-05-17/ed-1/seq-2/ |title=To Join Russian Army}} 12. ^{{cite news |work=Evening Star |location=Washington, DC |date=March 23, 1906 |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1906-03-23/ed-1/seq-6/ |title=To Command Gulf Department}} 13. ^{{cite news |work=Gainesville Daily Sun |location=Gainesville, FL |date=April 6, 1906 |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn95026977/1906-04-06/ed-1/seq-6/ |title=Will Assume New Duties}} 14. ^{{cite news |work=The Sun |location=New York, NY |date=February 19, 1907 |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1907-02-19/ed-1/seq-4/ |title=Army and Navy Orders}} 15. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book|title=War Department Annual Reports|date=1909|publisher=Government Printing Office|location=Washington, D.C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AAUSAAAAYAAJ|accessdate=November 17, 2015}} 16. ^{{cite news |work=El Paso Herald |location=El Paso, TX |date=January 15, 1912 |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn88084272/1912-01-15/ed-1/seq-8/ |title=Witherspoon to be sent to Atlanta}} 17. ^{{cite news |work=Evening Star |location=Washington, DC |date=August 17, 1912 |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1912-08-17/ed-1/seq-7/ |title=Army Assignments}} 18. ^{{cite news |work=Evening Times-Republican |location=Marshalltown, Iowa |date= March 10, 1914 |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85049554/1914-03-10/ed-1/seq-5/ |title=Southern General Who Heads Department of the East}} Further reading
External links
3 : Departments and districts of the United States Army|Government agencies established in 1898|1862 establishments in the United States |
随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。