| 词条 | Carl David Tolmé Runge |
| 释义 |
| name = Carl Runge | image = CarleRunge.jpg | image_size = frameless | caption = Carl David Tolmé Runge | birth_date = {{birth date|1856|8|30|df=y}} | birth_place = Bremen, German Confederation | death_date = {{death date and age|1927|1|3|1856|8|30|df=yes}} | death_place = Göttingen, Weimar Republic | residence = Germany | citizenship = German | nationality = | field = Mathematics Physics | work_institution = University of Hanover (1886–1904) Georg-August University of Göttingen (1904–1925) | alma_mater = Berlin University | doctoral_advisor = Karl Weierstrass Ernst Kummer | doctoral_students = Max Born Friedrich Adolf Willers Hermann König | known_for = Runge–Kutta method Runge's phenomenon Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector | prizes = | footnotes = }} Carl David Tolmé Runge ({{IPA-de|ˈʁʊŋə|lang}}; 30 August 1856 – 3 January 1927) was a German mathematician, physicist, and spectroscopist. He was co-developer and co-eponym of the Runge–Kutta method (German pronunciation: {{IPA|[ˈʀʊŋə ˈkʊta]}}), in the field of what is today known as numerical analysis. BiographyHe spent the first few years of his life in Havana, where his father Julius Runge was the Danish consul. The family later moved to Bremen, where his father died early (in 1864). In 1880, he received his Ph.D. in mathematics at Berlin, where he studied under Karl Weierstrass. In 1886, he became a professor at the Technische Hochschule Hannover in Hanover, Germany. His interests included mathematics, spectroscopy, geodesy, and astrophysics. In addition to pure mathematics, he did experimental work studying spectral lines of various elements (together with Heinrich Kayser), and was very interested in the application of this work to astronomical spectroscopy. In 1904, on the initiative of Felix Klein he received a call to the Georg-August University of Göttingen, which he accepted. There he remained until his retirement in 1925. FamilyHis daughter Iris also became a mathematician and his son Wilhelm was an early developer of radar. Another of his daughters, Nerina (Nina), married the mathematician Richard Courant. HonorsThe crater Runge on the Moon is named after him. The Schumann-Runge bands of molecular oxygen are named after him and Victor Schumann See also
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External links{{commons category|Carl Runge}}
10 : 1856 births|1927 deaths|University of Göttingen faculty|German mathematicians|German physicists|Numerical analysts|People from Bremen|Spectroscopists|University of Hanover faculty|Humboldt University of Berlin alumni |
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