| 词条 | Dharmasthala |
| 释义 |
}}{{Infobox settlement | name = Dharmasthala | official_name = | native_name = | native_name_lang = kn | other_name = | settlement_type = Temple Town | image_skyline = Dharmasthala Temple.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = Sri Manjunatha Temple, Dharmasthala | nickname = | pushpin_map = Karnataka | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Karnataka, India | coordinates = {{coord|12.951|N|75.371|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_type3 = Taluk | subdivision_name1 = Karnataka | subdivision_name2 = Dakshina Kannada | subdivision_name3 = Belthangady | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | named_for = | government_type = Local Government | governing_body = Gram Panchayat | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = | area_rank = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_total = | population_as_of = | population_footnotes = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_rank = | population_demonym = | demographics_type1 = Languages | demographics1_title1 = Official | demographics1_info1 = Kannada | demographics1_title2 = Spoken | demographics1_info2 = Tulu | timezone1 = IST | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = 574 216 | registration_plate = KA-21 | blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city | blank1_info_sec1 = Belthangady | website = | footnotes = }}Dharmasthala is an Indian temple town[1] on the banks of the Nethravathi River in the Belthangady taluk of the Dakshina Kannada district in Karnataka, India.[1] It is a panchayat village,[2] and it is the only village in its gram panchayat.[3] The town is known for its Dharmasthala Temple which houses the shrine of Shiva, Manjunatha, Ammanavaru, Chandranath and the Dharma Daivas (guardian spirits of Dharma) — Kalarahu, Kalarkayi, Kumaraswamy and Kanyakumari. The temple is unusual in that it is run by a Jain administration and poojas are conducted by Hindu priests of the Madhva order. Lakshadeepa, the festival of lights, is the annual festival of Dharmasthala in November–December.[4] On an average the flow of pilgrims is about 10,000 people a day. A mechanised kitchen provides free food for all pilgrims, and there are guest houses with modern amenities. Dharmastala represents religious tolerance. A Jain Tirthankara is worshiped beside Daivas and Lord Manjunatha (Shiva). The priests are Vaishnavite Brahmins and the guardian of the temple a Heggade (Jain). To those who come here for justice, the Heggade dispenses judgments that are said to represent the will of the deities.{{Citation needed|date=July 2011}} LegendLocal legend says that the Shiva Linga in Dharmasthala was brought to Dharmasthala by a local person with great powers, named Annappa. Legend is that he used to work for the Heggade family. Once when the Heggade he was serving wanted to worship Lord Shiva, Annappa had assured him to get one linga and vanished from the sight. The next morning, he had already established the linga in Dharmasthala, a few metres away from Heggade's house. Later it was learned that the linga was from Kadri near Mangalore, from the Kadri temple. By then, Annappa had vanished and he was never again sighted in the vicinity. Now people in Dharmasthala worship Annappa as Annappa Panjurli, a local god deva and a hero. 800 years ago, Dharmasthala was known as Kuduma (ಕುಡುಮ) in Mallarmadi,[5] then a village in Belthangady (ಬೆಳ್ತಂಗಡಿ). Here lived the Jain chieftain Birmanna Pergade and his wife Ammu Ballathi in a house called Nelliadi Beedu. Pergade and the local chieftains built several shrines and invited Brahmin priests to perform the rituals. These priests requested Pergade to install a Shivalinga beside the native Daivas. The Daivas then sent their vassal Annappa Swamy to procure the linga of Lord Manjunatheshwara (ಶ್ರೀ ಮಂಜುನಾಥೇಶ್ವರ ಸ್ವಾಮಿ) from Kadri, near Mangalore. Subsequently, the Manjunatha temple was built around the linga. Around the 16th century, Shri Devaraja Heggade invited Shri Vadiraja Swami of Udupi to visit the place. The swamiji gladly came but refused to accept Bhiksha (food offering) because the idol of Lord Manjunatha had not been consecrated according to the vedic rites. Shri Heggade then requested the Swamiji to reconsecrate the Shiva Linga himself. Pleased by the observance of the vedic rites and Heggade's charity to all, the Swamiji named the place Dharmasthala the abode of religion and charity. Thus, the roots of charity and religious tolerance established by the Pergades 800 years ago have been nurtured and strengthened by 21 generations of the Heggade family of Tulu lineage (Heggade being a derivative from Tulu word Pergade). Today's Dharmasthala blossoms with the fruit of this selfless dedication. MuseumsSri Manjunatheshwara Cultural and Research foundation, started by the Temple committee, is engaged in preserving ancient manuscripts and paintings.[7] A museum of antique objects has been established called "Manjusha Museum" and a car museum houses a rare collection of vintage cars.[7] Traditional folk arts like Yakshagana and ethnic crafts like Navalgund carpets and Kasturi embroidery are revived by Dr. Heggade.[7] Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara Dharmothana Trust is engaged in renovation of temples across Karnataka and every year, a Sarva Dharma Sammelana (multi-religious meet) is held at Dharmasthala, where spiritual leaders from various faiths and schools participate.[7] Chandranatha basadiBahubali statueIn 1973 a statue of Lord Bahubali, carved out of a single rock, was installed at Dharmasthala on a low hill near the Manjunatha temple. It is about 39 feet (12 m) high with a pedestal of 13 feet and weighs about 175 tonnes. This is one of the five stone statues of Bahubali in Karnataka.[6][7] Social serviceShri Kshetra Dharmasthala Rural Development projectOne project is called Shri Kshetra Dharmasthala Rural Development project. Trust employees go to the small villages to make small froups called Strishakti sangha. They provide bank loans to group members for making business. They prove that water supply to villagers in summer is enough to drink. Mass marriageTo fight against the dowry system and to cut unnecessary expenses involved in the celebration of marriages, Dr. Veerendra Heggade (ಡಾ|| ವೀರೇಂದ್ರ ಹೆಗ್ಗಡೆ) started free mass marriages in 1972. The annual mass marriages are held usually during April every year.[8] As of 2013, about 10,698 couples have married in mass marriages arranged by Dharmasthala Temple committee.[8] The expenses of the wedding dress, Mangalsutra and wedding feast for a limited number of the couple's guests are borne by the Kshetra.[9] Anna dānā (ಅನ್ನದಾನ)The average flow of pilgrims is about 10,000 people every day. Every one of the pilgrims who visit Shri Kshetra Dharmasthala is an honored guest irrespective of caste, creed, culture or status. The "Anna Daana" (free food) is one of the impressive events that takes place in this village. Free food is provided to devotees and the temple has modern machinery and makes quality food continuously throughout the day. The dining hall is known as "Annapoorna". Vidya dānā (ವಿದ್ಯಾ ದಾನ)Shri Kshetra Dharmasthala by the SDMCET Society manages a 25 institutions ranging from primary schools, Gurukula to teach yoga, Sanskrit, and professional courses in engineering, medicine, and dental sciences in Dharmasthala, Ujire, Mangalore, Udupi, Dharwad, Hassan, Mysore and other places of Karnataka state. The Siddavana gurukula started by the late Manjayya Heggade has become a model educational institution. Over 250 students are provided free lodging and boarding and learn yoga and Sanskrit in addition to the basic school curriculum. The specialty of this institution is its endeavor to teach values based on Indian culture. Educational institutionsSeveral educational institutes are managed by temple trust committee.
Aushada dānā (ಔಷಧ ದಾನ)In the field of health care, the medical trust provides services to eradicate and prevent many diseases in local villages. The mobile hospital is fully equipped to deal with emergencies and to provide medical treatment to the rural people in remote parts of the Malnad area. A modern tuberculosis sanitorium was built by Dharmasthala Manjunatheswara Medical Trust to give relief to the patients of tuberculosis. It has since been converted into a general hospital. The Ayurvedic Hospitals at Udupi and Hassan provide Ayurvedic medicines as per the ancient text. The Nature Cure Hospital, built on the banks of the Netravathi River, uses a system based on the five elements of Air, Earth, Ether, Water and Light. SDM Eye Hospital at Mangalore is a modern scientific eye treatment centre. The SDM Dental Hospital serves regular dental needs and provides specialised treatments such as oral implants, surgery for cleft lip and other orthodontic surgeries. Shri Heggade has been actively involved in propagating the practice of Yoga, the ancient system of fitness. Surya Namaskara Camps are regularly organised where Yoga is taught. Further 250 high school teachers are trained in Yoga every year. Heggade familyThe present head of Dharmasthala, Padma Vibhushan Dr. D. Veerendra Heggade, the 21st in succession to the Dharmadhikari Peetha, has launched several socio-economic programmes such as free mass weddings which were started in 1973. Dharmasthala is among the few pilgrim centers in India that provides boarding and lodging to all the visiting devotees at a minimum cost. TransportationDharmasthala is well connected by road. State-owned KSRTC & also private companies provide bus service from several centers of Karnataka.[10] Mangalore Railway Station is the nearest railway junction to Dharmasthala, situated at a distance of about 74 km. The railway station is well connected to all the major cities and towns in India. Travellers can hire taxis/cabs or take buses to reach Dharmasthala from Mangalore. Places of interest nearbyBahubali Statue is near the temple on a small hill. It is revered by Jains as a symbol of sacrifice. Kukke Subramanya Temple dedicated to Lord Subramanya is just 62 km from here. Sringeri and Horanadu are less than 100 km from here. References1. ^{{Cite news|date=16 October 2008|title=Dharmasthala - Divine Getaway|newspaper=Bangalore Mirror|url=http://www.bangaloremirror.com/index.aspx?page=article§id=38&contentid=2008101620081016205847295aa4c16ed|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100305203812/http://www.bangaloremirror.com/index.aspx?page=article§id=38&contentid=2008101620081016205847295aa4c16ed|archivedate=5 March 2010|deadurl=no}} 2. ^2011 Village Panchayat Code = 220310, {{Cite web|title=Reports of National Panchayat Directory: Village Panchayat Names of Beltangadi, Dakshin Kannad, Karnataka|publisher=Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India|url=http://panchayatdirectory.gov.in/adminreps/viewpansumSQL.asp?selstate=5816&parenttype=B&ptype=V|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130430224708/http://panchayatdirectory.gov.in/adminreps/viewpansumSQL.asp?selstate=5816&parenttype=B&ptype=V|archivedate=2013-04-30|df=}} 3. ^2011 Census Village code for Dharmasthala = 617673, {{Cite web|title=Reports of National Panchayat Directory: List of Census Villages mapped for: Dharmasthala Gram Panchayat, Beltangadi, Dakshin Kannad, Karnataka|publisher=Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India|url=http://panchayatdirectory.gov.in/adminreps/viewGPmapcvills.asp?gpcode=220310&rlbtype=V}} 4. ^Lakshadeepa http://www.ourkarnataka.com/temples/dharmasthala2.htm 5. ^Managalore Information |http://www.mangalore.com/documents/dharmasthala.html 6. ^http://www.herenow4u.net/index.php?id=86311 7. ^{{cite news|title=Venur's Bhagawan Bahubali all set up for Century's 2nd Mahamastakabhisheka|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/venurs-bhagawan-bahubali-all-set-up-for-centurys-2nd-mahamastakabhisheka/article2839365.ece|accessdate=16 October 2013|newspaper=The Hindu|date=28 January 2012}} 8. ^1 {{cite news|title=Mass marriage at Dharmastala today|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/66728/mass-marriage-dharmastala-today.html|accessdate=16 October 2013|newspaper=Deccan Herald|date=29 April 2013}} 9. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|title=Dharmasthala|url=http://www.karnatakavision.com/dharmasthala.php|publisher=karnatakavision.com|accessdate=16 October 2013}} 10. ^1 {{cite news|title=Volvo bus service to Dharmasthala|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/states/volvo-bus-service-to-dharmasthala/article5217851.ece|accessdate=16 October 2013|newspaper=The Hindu Business Line|date=9 October 2013}} External links{{Commons category|Dharmasthala}}
2 : Cities and towns in Dakshina Kannada district|Colossal Jain statues in India |
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