1. Early life

2. Shootings
    Prosecution 

3. Aftermath

4. Parole hearing

5. References

Elizabeth Diane Frederickson Downs (born August 7, 1955) is an American woman convicted of the May 1983 murder of her daughter and the attempted murders of her other two children.^[1] Following the crimes, she told police a black man had attempted to carjack her and had shot the children. She was convicted in 1984 and sentenced to life in prison plus fifty years.

Downs briefly escaped in 1987 and was recaptured. She is the subject of a book by Ann Rule and a made-for-TV movie based upon it, both called Small Sacrifices. She was denied parole in December 2008 and again in December 2010.^[2][3]

Early life

Diane Downs was born in Phoenix, Arizona on August 7, 1955, to Danish and English American parents Wesley Linden (1930-2017) and Willadene (Engle) Frederickson.^[4] She claimed that her father abused her when she was a child, although she later recanted these allegations (both parents denied that any such incidents ever took place).^[4] Diane graduated from Moon Valley High School in Phoenix where she met her husband, Steve Downs.^[4] After high school, she enrolled at Pacific Coast Baptist Bible College in Orange, California, but was expelled after only one year for promiscuous behavior and soon returned to her parents' home in Arizona.^[4]

On November 13, 1973, she married her boyfriend Steve Downs after running away from home.^[4] Their first child, Christie Ann, was born in 1974; Cheryl Lynn followed in 1976, with Stephen Daniel being born in 1979. The couple divorced in 1980 because Steve thought Stephen Daniel, known as Danny, was the result of an affair Diane had.^[5] On May 8, 1982, Downs gave birth to a daughter through surrogacy. She named the child Jennifer before turning her over to her intended parents. ^[6] Prior to her arrest, Downs was employed by the United States Postal Service, assigned to the mail routes in the city of Cottage Grove, Oregon. Her daughter Cheryl reportedly told a neighbor of her grandparents that she was afraid of her mother shortly before her death.^[7]

Shootings

On May 19, 1983, Diane Downs shot her three children and drove them in a blood spattered car to McKenzie-Willamette Hospital. Upon arrival, Cheryl was already dead, Danny was paralyzed from the waist down, and Christie had suffered a disabling stroke. Downs herself had been shot in the left forearm. She claimed she was carjacked on a rural road near Springfield, Oregon, by a strange man who shot her and the children. However, investigators and hospital workers became suspicious because they decided her manner was too calm for a person who had experienced such a traumatic event. She also made a number of statements that both police and hospital workers considered highly inappropriate.

Suspicions heightened when Downs, upon arrival at the hospital to visit her children, phoned Robert Knickerbocker, a married man and former coworker in Arizona with whom she had been having an extramarital affair.^[8] The forensic evidence did not match her story; there was no blood spatter on the driver's side of the car, nor was there any gunpowder residue on the driver's door or on the interior door panel. Knickerbocker also reported to police that Downs had stalked him and seemed willing to kill his wife if it meant that she could have him to herself; he stated that he was relieved that she had left for Oregon and that he was able to reconcile with his wife.^[9]

Downs did not disclose to police she owned a .22 caliber handgun, but both Steve Downs and Knickerbocker informed them that she did. Investigators later discovered Downs bought the handgun in Arizona; and, although they were unable to find the actual weapon, they found unfired casings in her home with extractor markings from the same gun that shot her children. Most damaging, witnesses saw her car being driven very slowly toward the hospital at an estimated speed of five to seven mph, contradicting her claim that she drove to the hospital at a high speed after the shooting. Based on this and additional evidence, Downs was arrested on February 28, 1984, nine months after the shooting, and charged with one count of murder and two counts each of attempted murder and criminal assault.^[10]

Prosecution

Prosecutors argued that Downs shot her children to be free of them so she could continue her affair with Knickerbocker, as she claimed that he let it be known that he did not want children in his life. Much of the case against her rested on the testimony of her surviving daughter, Christie, who, once she recovered her ability to speak, described how her mother shot all three children while parked at the side of the road and then shot herself in the arm. Christie was eight years old at the time of the murders and nine years old at the time of the trial.

Downs was convicted on all charges on June 17, 1984, and sentenced to life in prison plus 50 years. She would have to serve 25 years before being considered for parole. Psychiatrists diagnosed her with narcissistic, histrionic and antisocial personality disorders.^[11] Most of her sentence is to be served consecutively. The judge made it clear that he did not intend for Downs to ever be free again.^[16]

Aftermath

Downs' two surviving children eventually went to live with the lead prosecutor on the case, Fred Hugi. He and his wife Joanne adopted them in 1986.^[12]

Prior to her arrest and trial, Downs became pregnant with a fifth child and gave birth to a girl, whom she named Amy Elizabeth, a month after her 1984 trial. Ten days before Downs' sentencing, Amy was seized by the State of Oregon and adopted by Chris and Jackie Babcock, who named her Rebecca (and called her “Becky”). She spoke out in 2010 about her life. She appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show^[13] and ABC's 20/20^[14] discussing how she feels about her biological mother. She wrote to Downs in her younger years and has stated that she regrets it, regarding her mother as a monster.^[15]

Downs was incarcerated at the Oregon Women's Correctional Center in Salem. She escaped on July 11, 1987, and was recaptured just a few blocks from the prison on July 21.^[1] She received an additional five-year sentence for the escape. After her recapture, Downs was transferred to the New Jersey Department of Corrections Clinton Correctional Facility for Women at Hugi's request.^[16] The Salem prison was located 66 miles from Hugi's home in Springfield; during Downs' ten days of freedom, Hugi feared that she would attempt to travel there. Despite significant security upgrades at the women's facility after the escape, state officials accepted Hugi's argument that the risk of harm to Christie and Danny in the event of another escape remained too great for Downs to remain incarcerated in Oregon.

In 1994, after serving ten years, Downs was transferred to the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.^[17] While in prison, she has earned an associate degree in General Studies.^[17] In 2010, she was located in the Valley State Prison for Women in Chowchilla, California,^[16] but transferred out when the facility was converted to an all-male institution in 2013.^[18]

Author Ann Rule wrote the book Small Sacrifices (1987) detailing Downs' life and murder trial.^[19] The book documents accounts by friends, acquaintances, neighbors, and her surviving daughter Christie, who question the quality of her parenting.^[20] A made-for-TV movie also titled Small Sacrifices, starring Farrah Fawcett as Downs, aired on ABC in 1989.

Parole hearing

Downs' sentence meant she could not be considered for parole until 2009. Under Oregon law of the time, as a dangerous offender, Downs would have been eligible for a parole hearing every two years until she is released or dies in prison.^[21]

In her first application for parole in 2008, Downs reaffirmed her innocence. "Over the years," she said, "I have told you and the rest of the world that a man shot me and my children. I have never changed my story."^[22] Her first parole hearing was on December 9, 2008.^[22] Lane County District Attorney Douglas Harcleroad wrote to the parole board, "Downs continues to fail to demonstrate any honest insight into her criminal behavior...even after her convictions, she continues to fabricate new versions of events under which the crimes occurred."^[22] He also wrote that "she alternately refers to her assailants as a bushy-haired stranger, two men wearing ski masks or drug dealers and corrupt law enforcement officials."^[22] Downs participated in the hearing from the Valley State Prison for Women.^[22] She was not permitted a statement, but answered questions from the parole board.^[22] After three hours of interviews and thirty minutes of deliberation, she was denied parole.^[22]

Downs faced her second parole hearing on December 10, 2010.^[23][24] She was denied parole and, under a new law, will not be eligible for parole for another ten years. She will have to wait to apply for parole until 2020, when she will be 65 years old.^[3]

References

• David Thomas Worrall
• David Thompson (American football)
• David Thompson (attorney)
• David Thompson (baseball)
• David Thompson (cricketer)
• David Thompson (footballer born 1945)
• David Thompson (footballer born 1962)
• David Thompson (footballer born 1968)
• David Thompson (footballer born 1977)
• David Thompson (rugby league, born 1978)
• David Thompson (Scottish politician)
• David Thompson Secondary School (Vancouver)
• David Thomson (footballer)
• David Thomson (footballer born 1847)
• David Thomson (footballer, born 1892)
• David Thomson (footballer born 1988)
• David Thomson (politician born 1856)
• David Thomson (politician born 1924)
• David Thomson (writer)
• David T. Hon
• David Thorburn
• David Thorburn (disambiguation)
• David Thorburn (scholar)
• David Thoreson Lykken
• David Thornburg