| 词条 | Diastasis symphysis pubis |
| 释义 |
| name = Diastasis symphysis pubis | synonyms = | image = Diastasis symphysis pubis 1300500.JPG | caption = Post traumatic diastasis of symphysis pubis | pronounce = | field = | symptoms = | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }} Diastasis symphysis pubis is the separation of normally joined pubic bones, as in the dislocation of the bones, without a fracture. Separation of the symphysis pubis can occur spontaneously in at least 1 in 800 vaginal delivery. Its usually noticed after delivery and has been associated with forceps delivery, rapid second stage of labour or severe abduction of the thighs during delivery. Common signs and symptoms include symphyseal pain aggravated by weight bearing and walking, a waddling gait, pubic tenderness, and a palpable interpubic gap CauseExternal forces such as falling from a horse or a car accident can result in this type of injury to the symphysis pubis. DiagnosisThis abnormally wide gap can be diagnosed by radiologic studies such as x-ray, MRI, CT scan or bone scan. Manual testing by a healthcare professional can also be used. The patient is placed in various positions and pressure is applied in such a way that it provokes pain and maybe movement in the pubis. Differential diagnosis
X-rayAn X-ray film will show a marked gap between the pubic bones, normally there is a 4–5 mm gap but in pregnancy, hormonal influences cause relaxation of the connecting ligaments and the bones separate up to 9 mm. To demonstrate instability of the joint the patient is required to stand in the "flamingo" position, (standing with weight on one leg and the other bent).[2] A vertical displacement of more than 1 cm is an indicator of symphysis pubis instability.[3] A displacement of more than 2 cm usually indicates involvement of the sacroiliac joints. CT scan and MRIBoth diagnostic machines can produce detailed cross sections of the pelvic area. Images will show degrees soft tissue injury, inflammation of the subchondral region and the bone marrow [4] and any abnormal posturing of the pelvic joints. Bone scanA bone scan is able to determine areas of bone inflammation. ManagementTreatment include bed rest, anti inflammatory agents, physiotherapy and a pelvic corset to provide support and stability References1. ^http://www.bartleby.com/107/255.html (end of page) 2. ^An Analysis of Pubis Symphysis Misalignment Using Plain Film Radiography Ruch WJ, Ruch BM. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2005;28(5):330-335 3. ^Vertically Unstable Pelvic Fractures Fixed with Percutaneous Iliosacral Screws: Does Posterior Injury Predict Fixation Failure? Damian R. Griffin, MA, FRCS (Orth); Adam J. Starr, MD; Charles M. Reinert, MD; Alan L. Jones, MD; Shelly Whitlock, CCRA; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 4. ^Magnetic resonance imaging changes of sacroiliac joints in patients with recent-onset inflammatory back pain: inter-reader reliability and prevalence of abnormalities. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2006, 8:R11 {{doi|10.1186/ar1859}}. Liesbeth Heuft-Dorenbosch1, René Weijers, Robert Landewé1, Sjef van der Linden1, Désirée van der Heijde1 External links{{Medical resources| DiseasesDB = | ICD10 = | ICD9 = | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = | eMedicineTopic = | MeshID = D046548 }}
4 : Pelvis|Skeletal disorders|Health issues in pregnancy|Pathology of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium |
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