“Disjoint union of graphs”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, the disjoint union of graphs is an operation that combines two or more graphs to form a larger graph.

It is analogous to the disjoint union of sets, and is constructed by making the vertex set of the result be the disjoint union of the vertex sets of the given graphs, and by making the edge set of the result be the disjoint union of the edge sets of the given graphs. Any disjoint union of two or more nonempty graphs is necessarily disconnected.

Notation

The disjoint union is also called the graph sum, and may be represented either by a plus sign or a circled plus sign: If

and

are two graphs, then

denotes their disjoint union.^[1]

Related graph classes

Certain special classes of graphs may be represented using disjoint union operations. In particular:

More generally, every graph is the disjoint union of connected graphs, its connected components.

The cographs are the graphs that can be constructed from single-vertex graphs by a combination of disjoint union and complement operations.^[5]

References

1. ^{{citation|title=Handbook of Discrete and Combinatorial Mathematics|series=Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications|first=Kenneth H.|last=Rosen|publisher=CRC Press|year=1999|isbn=9780849301490|page=515|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=yJIMx9nXB6kC&pg=PA515}}
2. ^{{citation|page=627|title=Discrete Mathematics: An Introduction to Concepts, Methods, and Applications|first=Jerrold W.|last=Grossman|publisher=Macmillan|year=1990|isbn=9780023483318}}
3. ^Cluster graphs, Information System on Graph Classes and their Inclusions, accessed 2016-06-26.
4. ^{{citation|title=A First Course in Graph Theory|series=Dover Books on Mathematics|first1=Gary|last1=Chartrand|first2=Ping|last2=Zhang|author2-link=Ping Zhang (graph theorist)|publisher=Courier Corporation|year=2013|isbn=9780486297309|page=201|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zA_CAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA}}
5. ^{{Citation | last1=Corneil | first1=D. G. | author1-link = Derek Corneil | last2=Lerchs | first2=H. | last3=Stewart Burlingham | first3=L. | title=Complement reducible graphs | doi=10.1016/0166-218X(81)90013-5 | mr=0619603 | year=1981 | journal=Discrete Applied Mathematics | volume=3 | pages=163–174 | issue=3}}