| 词条 | Disodium phosphate |
| 释义 |
| Verifiedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 457118728 | ImageFile = Disodium hydrogen phosphate.png | ImageSize = 150px | ImageAlt = Structural formula of disodium phosphate | ImageFile1 = Disodium phosphate 3D ball.png | ImageSize1 = 250 | ImageAlt1 = Ball-and-stick model of the component ions of disodium phosphate | IUPACName = Sodium hydrogen phosphate | OtherNames = Disodium hydrogen orthophosphate Sodium hydrogen phosphate Sodium phosphate dibasic disodium phosphate |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 22625 | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII = 22ADO53M6F | InChI = 1/2Na.H3O4P/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-3 | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 1060 | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEBI = 34683 | SMILES = [Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O | InChIKey = BNIILDVGGAEEIG-DFZHHIFOAK | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-K | StdInChI = 1S/2Na.H3O4P/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-3 | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}} | CASNo = 7558-79-4 | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | CASNo2_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}} | CASNo2 = 10028-24-7 | CASNo2_Comment = (dihydrate) | CASNo3_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}} | CASNo3 = 7782-85-6 | CASNo3_Comment = (heptahydrate) | CASNo4_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}} | CASNo4 = 10039-32-4 | CASNo4_Comment = (dodecahydrate) | PubChem = 24203 | EINECS = 231-448-7 | RTECS = WC4500000 |Section2={{Chembox Properties | Formula = Na2HPO4 | MolarMass = 141.96 g/mol (anhydrous) 268.07 g/mol (heptahydrate) | Appearance = White crystalline solid | RefractIndex = 1.35644..1.35717 at 20°C | Odor = odorless | Density = 1.7 g/cm3 | MeltingPtC = 250 | MeltingPt_notes = decomposes | Solubility = 7.7 g/100 ml (20 °C) 11.8 g/100 mL (25 °C, heptahydrate) | SolubleOther = insoluble in alcohol | pKa = 12.35 | LogP = -5.8 | MagSus = −56.6·10−6 cm3/mol |Section7={{Chembox Hazards | ExternalSDS = ICSC 1129 | NFPA-H = 1 | NFPA-F = 0 | NFPA-R = 0 | MainHazards = Irritant | FlashPt = Non-flammable | LD50 = 17000 mg/kg (rat, oral) |Section8={{Chembox Related | OtherAnions = sodium phosphite | OtherCations = Dipotassium phosphate Diammonium phosphate | OtherCompounds = Monosodium phosphate Trisodium phosphate }}Disodium phosphate (DSP), or sodium hydrogen phosphate, or sodium phosphate dibasic, is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2HPO4. It is one of several sodium phosphates. The salt is known in anhydrous form as well as forms with 2, 7, 8, and 12 hydrates. All are water-soluble white powders; the anhydrous salt being hygroscopic.[1] The pH of disodium hydrogen phosphate water solution is between 8.0 and 11.0, meaning it is moderately basic: HPO42− + H2O {{eqm}} H2PO4− + OH− Production and reactionsIt can be generated by neutralization of phosphoric acid with sodium hydroxide: H3PO4 + 2 NaOH → HNa2PO4 + 2 H2O Industrially It is prepared in a two-step process by treating dicalcium phosphate with sodium bisulfate, which precipitates calcium sulfate:[2] CaHPO4 + NaHSO4 → NaH2PO4 + CaSO4 In the second step, the resulting solution of monosodium phosphate is partially neutralized: NaH2PO4 + NaOH → HNa2PO4 + H2O UsesIt is used in conjunction with trisodium phosphate in foods and water softening treatment. In foods, it is used to adjust pH. Its presence prevents coagulation in the preparation of condensed milk. Similarly, it is used as an anti-caking additive in powdered products.[3] It is used in desserts and puddings, e.g. Cream of Wheat to quicken cook time, and Jell-O Instant Pudding for thickening. In water treatment, it retards calcium scale formation. It is also found in some detergents and cleaning agents.[2] Heating solid disodium phosphate gives the useful compound tetrasodium pyrophosphate:{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} 2 HNa2PO4 → Na4P2O7 + H2O Monobasic and dibasic sodium phosphate are used as a saline laxative to treat constipation or to clean the bowel before a colonoscopy.[4] References1. ^Physical data (pdf) 2. ^1 Klaus Schrödter, Gerhard Bettermann, Thomas Staffel, Friedrich Wahl, Thomas Klein, Thomas Hofmann "Phosphoric Acid and Phosphates" in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2008, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. {{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a19_465.pub3}} 3. ^MSDS 4. ^{{Cite web | url = http://wishardhealth.kramesonline.com/Medications/26,1558 | title = Sodium Phosphate, Dibasic, Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic Oral solution | publisher = Krames Patient Education}} External links
3 : Sodium compounds|Phosphates|Edible thickening agents |
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