| 词条 | Dogar |
| 释义 |
The Dogar is a community historically found in the Punjab region of India and Pakistan. They were nomadic livestock herders who became owners of land in the relatively arid central area where cultivation required vigorous work. Unable to adapt, they eventually lost their position with the rise of more industrious agriculturist communities, notably the Jats.[1] In the late 17th century, the Dogars in the faujdari of Lakhi Jangal, in Multan, were among the tribes that challenged the authority of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb.[2] The Dogar are referenced in Waris Shah's well-known story, Heer Ranjha.[3] In the scene where Heer praises Ranjah to her father: {{quote|And Heer replied subtly, ‘My father, he is as learned as Solomon, and he can shave the very beard of Plato. He has cunning to trace out thefts and he speaks with wisdom in the assembly of the elders. He can decide thousands of disputes and he is as learned in wisdom as the Dogar Jats.' [4]}} References1. ^{{cite book |title=Peasant History of Late Pre-colonial and Colonial India |volume=8 |first=B. B. |last=Chaudhuri |publisher=Pearson Education India |year=2008 |isbn=978-8-13171-688-5 |pages=194-195 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ljmIJySEm4UC&pg=PA194}} 2. ^{{cite journal |title=Centre and Periphery in the Mughal State: The Case of Seventeenth-Century Panjab |first=Chetan |last=Singh |journal=Modern Asian Studies |volume=22 |issue=2 |year=1988 |pages=299-318 |jstor=312624 |subscription=yes|doi=10.1017/s0026749x00000986}} 3. ^{{cite journal |title=Reviewed Work: Hīr Vāriṡ Śāh, poème panjabi du XVIIIe siècle: Introduction, translittération, traduction et commentaire. Tome I, strophes 1 à 110 by Denis Matringe |first=Peter |last=Gaeffke |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume=111 |issue=2 |date=April 1991 |pages=408-409 |doi=10.2307/604050 |jstor=604050 |subscription=yes}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.casas.org.uk/papers/pdfpapers/hir.pdf|title=THE ADVENTURES OF HIR AND RANJHA Recounted in Panjabi by Waris Shah And translated into English by Charles Frederick Usborne, 1874 - 1919|last=Usborne|first=Charles|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=January 15, 2018}} Further reading
4 : Social groups of Punjab, Pakistan|Social groups of Punjab, India|Herding castes|Transhumant ethnic groups |
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