| 词条 | Dongshan County |
| 释义 |
| name = {{raise|0.2em|Dongshan County}} | native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|东山县}}}}}} | settlement_type = County | image_skyline = Temple of Guandi in Dongshan, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = Dongshan Guandi Temple | image_flag = | flag_alt = | image_seal = | seal_alt = | image_shield = | shield_alt = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = China Fujian | pushpin_label = Dongshan | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Fujian | coordinates = {{coord|23|41|58|N|117|25|13|E|region:CN-35|display=inline,title}} | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = People's Republic of China | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = Fujian | subdivision_type2 = Prefecture-level city | subdivision_name2 = Zhangzhou | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | seat_type = | seat = | government_footnotes = | leader_party = | leader_title = | leader_name = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 194 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 200000 | population_as_of = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_note = | timezone = China Standard | utc_offset = +8 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = | iso_code = | website = | footnotes = }} {{Audio|Dong1shan1.ogg|Dongshan}} ({{zh|s=东山县 |t=東山縣 |p=Dōngshān Xiàn|poj=Tang-soaⁿ-koān}}) is a county of far southern Fujian Province, People's Republic of China, located along the Taiwan Strait.[1] It comprises 44 islands for a total area of {{convert|194|km²}} and is under the administration of Zhangzhou City. The total population was 200,000.{{when|date=February 2012}} Dongshan County has jurisdiction over seven towns, a nationally managed forest and an economic and technological development district.[2] It is an important port for international trade and trade with Taiwan. HistoryOn one of the islands, there are several ancient relics, including the 'Mountain of the Nine Immortals', and the Dongshan ancient city, where two famous Ming Dynasty generals, Qi Jiguang and Zheng Chenggong were based.{{citation needed|date=April 2015}} Tongling Town on Northeastern Dongshan Island has an ancient waterside castle. Tonghshan Castle was built of stone in 1387 by Zhou Dexing of the Ming Dynasty to protect against Japanese pirates. The gate tower still stands intact. Inside, a path is linked by corridors and the exquisite Temple of Guan Yu. The entrance to the temple is flanked by ancient houses, the birthplace of Huang Daozhou, an official of the Ming Dynasty.[3] In 1950, at the end of the Chinese Civil War, the island was the scene of fighting between the nationalist Kuomintang and Chinese Communist forces, and again in 1953 during the so-called Dongshan Island Campaign, an unsuccessful attempt by the nationalists to retake the island.{{citation needed|date=April 2015}} EconomyDongshan County is situated between two economically vibrant cities of Xiamen and Shantou. Both are Special Economic Zones which have spillover economic effects for Dongshan County, such as increased tourism. The total GDP of islands in 2003 was 3.62 billion yuan. The main industries are fishery, fish farming and asparagus farming. The tourism industry is based on rich ancient history, seaside resorts and breath taking scenery.[2] AdministrationThere are seven towns ({{zh|labels=no |s=镇 |p=zhèn}}) under the county's administration:
The county has jurisdiction over a nationally managed forest and an economic and technological development district.[2] Geography and climateDongshan is located in the southernmost part of the province, with Kaohsiung, Taiwan {{convert|110|nmi|km mi}} to the east and Hong Kong {{convert|210|nmi|km mi}} to the southwest. The climate of the Dongshan Islands is humid subtropical (Köppen Cfa) and moderated by their coastal location, without frost through the year. In winter, north-east winds, and in summer south-east winds prevail. The annual average temperature is {{convert|20.9|°C}}. The coolest month of the year is February with an average temperature of {{convert|13.1|°C}}; the hottest, July, with an average temperature of {{convert|27.5|°C}}. The annual average rainfall is only {{convert|1256|mm}}, which causes a shortage of fresh water, especially from October to January. Additional water must be acquired from outside for both domestic and industrial use.[2] {{Weather box|width = auto |location = Dongshan County (1971−2000) |single line = Y |metric first = Y |Jan high C = 16.2 |Feb high C = 16.1 |Mar high C = 18.1 |Apr high C = 22.3 |May high C = 26.0 |Jun high C = 28.8 |Jul high C = 30.7 |Aug high C = 30.7 |Sep high C = 29.7 |Oct high C = 26.8 |Nov high C = 22.8 |Dec high C = 18.5 |Jan mean C = 13.4 |Feb mean C = 13.1 |Mar mean C = 15.0 |Apr mean C = 19.1 |May mean C = 23.1 |Jun mean C = 26.1 |Jul mean C = 27.5 |Aug mean C = 27.4 |Sep mean C = 26.6 |Oct mean C = 23.8 |Nov mean C = 19.8 |Dec mean C = 15.6 |year mean C = 20.9 |Jan low C = 11.5 |Feb low C = 11.2 |Mar low C = 12.9 |Apr low C = 16.9 |May low C = 21.1 |Jun low C = 24.2 |Jul low C = 25.2 |Aug low C = 25.2 |Sep low C = 24.5 |Oct low C = 21.8 |Nov low C = 17.8 |Dec low C = 13.7 |year high C = 23.9 |year low C = 18.8 |Jan record high C = 24.8 |Jan record low C = 4.6 |Feb record high C = 27.5 |Feb record low C = 5.0 |Mar record high C = 28.4 |Mar record low C = 5.0 |Apr record high C = 30.0 |Apr record low C = 7.1 |May record high C = 32.5 |May record low C = 14.5 |Jun record high C = 34.1 |Jun record low C = 17.7 |Jul record high C = 35.6 |Jul record low C = 21.4 |Aug record high C = 35.5 |Aug record low C = 21.1 |Sep record high C = 34.4 |Sep record low C = 17.9 |Oct record high C = 35.0 |Oct record low C = 14.1 |Nov record high C = 31.6 |Nov record low C = 9.0 |Dec record high C = 28.0 |Dec record low C = 4.7 |year high F = 75.0 |year low F = 65.9 |rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 31.4 |Feb rain mm = 65.1 |Mar rain mm = 89.8 |Apr rain mm = 135.7 |May rain mm = 152.7 |Jun rain mm = 210.0 |Jul rain mm = 139.4 |Aug rain mm = 217.4 |Sep rain mm = 102.0 |Oct rain mm = 49.5 |Nov rain mm = 33.2 |Dec rain mm = 29.6 |unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm |Jan precipitation days = 6.5 |Feb precipitation days = 9.9 |Mar precipitation days = 12.4 |Apr precipitation days = 12.6 |May precipitation days = 13.9 |Jun precipitation days = 14.0 |Jul precipitation days = 9.3 |Aug precipitation days = 11.0 |Sep precipitation days = 8.3 |Oct precipitation days = 3.7 |Nov precipitation days = 3.8 |Dec precipitation days = 4.6 |year precipitation days = 110.0 |source = Weather China [4] |date = February 2012 }} TransportDongshan Port is one of the main ports in Fujian, open to foreign vessels since 2003 and very close to Taiwan and Hong Kong. The port has a large body of water, large hinterland, and a deep, sediment-free harbour. The harbour is big enough for twenty-two 10,000 tons berths. Currently,{{when|date=April 2015}} the port has two deep water harbours built to accommodate 3,000 tons berths. These facilities provide Dongshan Port an important commercial link between Xiamen and Shantou.[1] References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.diedao.com/english.htm |title=Dongshan Island - A Natural Wonderland |publisher=Diedao.com |date= |accessdate=2014-03-06 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510011324/http://www.diedao.com/english.htm |archivedate=2013-05-10 |df= }} 2. ^1 2 3 Case Study Reports 5 Global Environmental Forum (GEF), Japan, n.d. 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.chinaplanner.com/fujian/fji-zhaz.htm |title=Zhangzhou - Fujian Province travel guide - China travel guide, Fujian China travel services, Fujian tours |publisher=Chinaplanner.com |date= |accessdate=2014-03-06}} 4. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101230608.shtml? |script-title=zh:东山城市介绍 |publisher = Weather.com.cn |language = Chinese |accessdate = 2012-02-07}} External links
2 : County-level divisions of Fujian|Island counties of China |
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