| 词条 | Dorothy Tyler-Odam |
| 释义 |
| image = Bundesarchiv Bild 183-G00985, Berlin, Olympiade, Hochsprung der Damen.jpg | image_size = 200px | caption = Ibolya Csák, Elfriede Kaun and Dorothy Odam at the 1936 Olympics. | sport = Women’s athletics | country_code = GBR2 | medals ={{Medal|Competition|Olympic Games}}{{Medal|Silver|1936 Berlin|High jump}}{{Medal|Silver|1948 London|High jump}}{{Medal|Competition|European Championships}}{{Medal|Silver|1950 Brussels|High jump}}{{Medal|Country|{{ENG}}}}{{Medal|Competition|British Empire Games}}{{Medal|Gold|1938 Sydney|High jump}}{{Medal|Gold|1950 Auckland|High jump}}{{Medal|Competition|{{nowrap|British Empire and Commonwealth Games}}}}{{Medal|Silver|1954 Vancouver|High jump}} }}Dorothy Jennifer Beatrice Tyler, MBE (née Odam; 14 March 1920 – 25 September 2014) was a British athlete who competed mainly in the high jump. She was born in Stockwell, London.[1] Odam competed for Great Britain in the 1936 Summer Olympics held in Berlin, Germany where she won the silver medal behind Ibolya Csák. She jumped the highest and was the first to clear 1.60 meters, and would have won under modern countback rules, but under the 1936 rulebook a jump-off was called for, and Csák won the gold.[2] In 1939 she broke the world record in the high jump with 1.66m, but Germany's Dora Ratjen allegedly broke her record quickly.[2] Odam was suspicious of Ratjen and, according to Odam, "They wrote to me telling me I didn't hold the record, so I wrote to them saying, 'She's not a woman, she's a man'. They did some research and found 'her' serving as a waiter called Hermann Ratjen. So I got my world record back." [2][3] Odam’s world record was formally recognized by the sport's world governing body, the IAAF, in 1957.[2] She won the silver medal again in the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, making her the only woman to win Olympic athletics medals before and after the war.[4] Her 1936 win also made her the first British woman to win an individual Olympic medal in athletics.[2] Odam was also twice a gold medallist at the British Empire Games, winning at Sydney in 1938 and Auckland in 1950. In Sydney she was the only Englishwoman to win athletics gold, setting a Games record of 5 ft 3 in, which is the same as 1.60 meters.[2] In 2012, she was the official starter for the London Marathon. She died on 25 September 2014 aged 94 following a long illness.[5] References1. ^{{cite Sports-Reference |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/od/dorothy-odam-tyler-1.html |title=Dorothy Odam-Tyler |accessdate=2014-07-14}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news |author=Steven Downes |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/news/dorothy-tyler-high-jumper-who-met-hitler-then-became-the-first-british-woman-to-win-an-individual-olympic-medal-in-athletics-9763321.html |title=Dorothy Tyler: High jumper who met Hitler then became the first British woman to win an individual Olympic medal in athletics | News |newspaper=The Independent |date= |accessdate=2016-02-16}} 3. ^Ratjen had retired from competing in 1938, though, and her titles and records had been pulled. Hamburger Nachrichten, Oct 1, 1938, p. 11 (one of several sources). 4. ^{{cite news |last=Thordardottir |first=Ingibjorg |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7570970.stm |title=UK | Keep it simple say 1948 Olympians |publisher=BBC News |date=2008-08-26 |accessdate=2014-07-14}} 5. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.athleticsweekly.com/featured/dorothy-tyler-dies-aged-94-12445/ |title=Dorothy Tyler dies aged 94 |website=Athleticsweekly.com |date=26 September 2014}} External links
24 : 1920 births|2014 deaths|People from Stockwell|Sportspeople from London|British female high jumpers|English female high jumpers|Olympic athletes of Great Britain|Athletes (track and field) at the 1936 Summer Olympics|Athletes (track and field) at the 1948 Summer Olympics|Athletes (track and field) at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Athletes (track and field) at the 1956 Summer Olympics|Olympic silver medallists for Great Britain|English Olympic medallists|Athletes (track and field) at the 1938 British Empire Games|Athletes (track and field) at the 1950 British Empire Games|Athletes (track and field) at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics|Commonwealth Games gold medallists for England|Commonwealth Games silver medallists for England|European Athletics Championships medalists|Members of the Order of the British Empire|Medalists at the 1948 Summer Olympics|Medalists at the 1936 Summer Olympics|Olympic silver medalists in athletics (track and field) |
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