| 词条 | Drake Circus Shopping Centre | |||||
| 释义 |
| shopping_mall_name = Drake Circus Shopping Centre | image = File:Drake Circus Shopping Centre, Plymouth - geograph.org.uk - 1702249.jpg | image_width = | logo = Drake circus logo.png | caption = | location = Plymouth, UK | address = 1 Charles Street, | coordinates = {{coord|50|22|20|N|4|08|15|W|display=inline,title}} | opening_date = 5 October 2006 | closing_date = | developer = P&O Estates,[1] Morgan Stanley Bank | manager = DTZ | owner = British Land (since January 2011) | architect = Chapman Taylor | number_of_stores = 66 | number_of_anchors = 8 | floor_area = {{convert|425000|sqft|m2|0}}[2] | floors = 3 | parking = 1270 | website = {{url|http://www.drakecircus.com}} | footnotes = }}Drake Circus Shopping Centre is a {{convert|425000|sqft|m2|0|adj=on}}[2] covered shopping mall in the centre of Plymouth, England, which opened in October 2006.[1] The new building was designed by London-based architects Chapman Taylor[2] and built by Bovis Lend Lease.[2] Situated behind the ruined Charles Church, preserved as the city's civilian war memorial, the building provoked a mixed reception.[3] Just after it opened, the shopping centre won the inaugural Carbuncle Cup "for crimes against architecture", as the worst new building in the United Kingdom.[4][5] In 2007 it won two retail industry national awards, one of which was the Retail Week magazine's "Shopping Location of the Year".[6] HistoryThe term 'circus' as used here refers to an open space, usually circular, where a number of roads meet. Drake Circus was originally a large oval roundabout built in the early 20th century at the junction of four main roads and several minor ones. The roundabout consisted of Edwardian buildings housing shops, and from 1937 its south end carried the "Guinness Clock", which was visible to people travelling up Old Town Street[7] and was a landmark in the city of the time.[8] The circus survived the Plymouth Blitz of World War II relatively intact, but it was demolished in 1966-7 as part of the Plan for Plymouth,[9][10] and was replaced by a new open roundabout to the north. Around this time the lower section of the main road to Tavistock off this new roundabout was renamed Drake Circus. A two-level shopping centre with open malls and a large C&A store was built, partly over the site of the original circus. It opened in 1971 and was also named Drake Circus.[11] Initial proposals to redevelop this mall in the early 1990s failed, but the developers, P&O Estates, tried again in the early 2000s.[12] Plans were drawn up for a much larger centre, and after Allders signed up as the first "anchor" tenant in 2001, work started in February 2004[13] on demolishing the old centre and the adjoining Charles Street multi-storey car park. The scheme suffered a setback in January 2005 when Allders went into administration.[14] New tenants Next and Primark committed in 2005 and the building opened in October 2006. On 3 February 2005 it was announced that the shopping centre had been sold by P&O Estates to Morgan Stanley Real Estate Fund for £55m.[15] On 20 November 2006 it was announced that Kandahar Real Estate had taken a 50 per cent stake in the centre.[16] The centre was bought by British Land for £240 million in January 2011.[17] In 2007, the centre's management introduced a code of conduct which, like one the Bluewater centre introduced in 2005, banned hooded tops and baseball caps.[18] GalleryReferences1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.propertyweek.com/story.asp?sectioncode=39&storycode=3076284 |title=Eade on: how sops make Plymouth rock |accessdate=5 November 2007 |publisher=PropertyWeek.com |author= Christine Eade |date=3 November 2006}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/content/articles/2006/09/05/drake_circus_sept06_feature.shtml |title=Doors open at £200m complex |accessdate=5 November 2007 |publisher=BBC |date=29 June 2006}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/devon/5402112.stm |title=Controversy over £200m shops plan |accessdate=13 October 2007 |publisher=BBC |date=5 October 2006}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bdonline.co.uk/story.asp?sectioncode=481&storycode=3075189 |title=Bottom of the barrel – Carbuncles 2006 |accessdate=5 November 2007 |publisher=Building Design website |author= Zoë Blackler |date=13 October 2006}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/article1290884.ece |title=The malling of our cities |accessdate=5 November 2007 |publisher=The Times Online |author= Tom Dyckhoff |date=10 January 2007 | location=London}} 6. ^{{cite web | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/devon/6414789.stm | title=City mall wins location accolade | publisher=BBC News | date=3 March 2007 | accessdate=3 August 2008 }} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/content/image_galleries/drake_circus_history_gallery.shtml?5|title=Drake Circus As It Was (the Guinness Clock – 1960s)|accessdate=9 November 2007|publisher=BBC Devon}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.plymouthdata.info/Guinness%20Clock.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928230436/http://www.plymouthdata.info/Guinness%20Clock.htm|archivedate=28 September 2013|title=Guinness Clock|last=Moseley|first=Brian|orig-year=25 June 2008|date=1 March 2012|work=The Encyclopaedia of Plymouth History|publisher=Plymouth Data|accessdate=12 February 2015}} 9. ^{{cite book | title=Devon Roads. An illustrated survey of the development and management of Devon's highway network| last=Hawkins| first=Michael| year=1988| pages=144| publisher=Devon Books| location=Exeter| isbn=0-86114-817-7}} 10. ^BBC archive films from 1966 and 1967 here (links under Archive Film on the left of the page) 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.building.co.uk/story.asp?storycode=3045439|title=Drake's progress|publisher=Building|date=21 January 2005|accessdate=11 February 2009|last=Eade|first=Christine}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/news/112000/06/city_development.shtml |title=More moves in city development plans |date = 6 November 2000 |accessdate=31 October 2007 |publisher=BBC }} 13. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/news_features/2004/drakes_circus_work_page3.shtml|title=Plymouth city centre revamp: Photos|accessdate=7 November 2007|publisher=BBC|year=2004}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/devon/4257677.stm |title=Shopping centre set to lose store |accessdate=31 October 2007 |publisher=BBC News |date = 11 February 2005 }} 15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.freshfields.com/news/dynamic/Pressrelease.asp?newsitem=609 |title=P&O sells DrakeCircus shopping centre development to Morgan Stanley Real Estate Fund for £55m |accessdate=5 November 2007 |publisher=Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070806110811/http://www.freshfields.com/news/dynamic/Pressrelease.asp?newsitem=609 |archivedate=6 August 2007 |df=dmy-all }} 16. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.shopping-centre.co.uk/news/fullstory.php/aid/1496/Carphone_tycoon_buys_into_Plymouth_centre.html |title= Carphone tycoon buys into Plymouth centre |accessdate=11 November 2007 |publisher=Shopping Centre magazine}} 17. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.britishland.com/index.asp?pageid=42&newsid=282|title=British Land Acquires Drake Circus Shopping Centre in Plymouth for £240 million|publisher=British Land|date=6 January 2011|accessdate=28 May 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120529172053/http://www.britishland.com/index.asp?pageid=42|archivedate=29 May 2012|df=dmy-all}} 18. ^{{cite web | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/devon/6442531.stm | title=Shopping centre ban on 'hoodies' | publisher=BBC News| date=12 March 2007 | accessdate=3 August 2008 }} External links{{Commons category|Drake Circus}}
2 : Buildings and structures in Plymouth, Devon|Shopping centres in Devon |
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