| 词条 | Castle Yankee |
| 释义 |
|name = Castle Yankee |picture = Operation Castle - Yankee.jpg |picture_description = |country = United States |test_series = Operation Castle |test_site = Bikini Atoll |date = May 5, 1954 |test_type = Atmospheric |yield = 13.5 Mt |previous_test = Castle Union |next_test = Castle Nectar }} Castle Yankee was the code name given to one of the tests in the Operation Castle series of American tests of thermonuclear bombs. It was originally intended as a test of a TX-16/EC-16 bomb, but the design became obsolete after the Castle Bravo test was successful. The test device was replaced with a TX-24/EC-24 bomb which was detonated on May 5, 1954, at Bikini Atoll. It released energy equivalent to 13.5 megatons of TNT, the second-largest yield ever in a U.S. fusion weapon test. JugheadYankee was originally intended to be a test of a TX-16/EC-16, a weaponized version of the large and complex Ivy Mike device. A small number of emergency capability EC-16s were produced, without being tested, to provide a stop-gap thermonuclear weapon capability in response to the Russian nuclear weapons program. The test device, code-named "Jughead", had been prepared as a backup in case the non-cryogenic Castle Bravo "Shrimp" device failed to work. The test of Jughead was cancelled when the Bravo test was successful, and the cryogenic EC-16s were withdrawn and dismantled. Runt IIJughead was replaced by the "Runt II" device (a TX-24/EC-24), developed from the Castle Romeo "Runt" device (a TX-17/EC-17). Externally identical, the principal difference between them was in the fuel for the fusion stage. While Runt used natural lithium (with 7.5% of the Lithium-6 isotope), Runt II used the same partially enriched lithium (approximately 40% Lithium-6) as the Shrimp device. It was detonated on May 5, 1954, at Bikini Atoll of the Marshall Islands, on a barge moored in the middle of the crater from the Castle Union test. Although it had been predicted to produce a yield of 6 to 10 megatons, it actually produced a yield of 13.5 megatons, the second-largest ever yield in a U.S. fusion weapon test. Like the Mike, Bravo and Romeo tests, a large percentage of the yield was produced by fast fission of the natural uranium tamper. Of the total yield, 7 megatons were from fission; the other 6.5 megatons were from fusion reactions. The high fusion yield was due to the enriched fuel and set a U.S. record that stood until Hardtack Poplar in 1958. External links
References
7 : Bikini Atoll nuclear explosive tests|1954 in military history|1954 in the environment|1950s in the Marshall Islands|1954 in the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands|Articles containing video clips|May 1954 events |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。