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词条 Cause célèbre
释义

  1. Notable examples

  2. See also

  3. References

  4. External links

{{other uses}}

A cause célèbre ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɔː|z|_|s|ə|ˈ|l|ɛ|b|r|ə}},[1] {{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɔː|z|_|s|ə|ˈ|l|ɛ|b}},[2] {{IPA-fr|koz selɛbʁ|lang}}, famous case; plural causes célèbres, pronounced like singular) is an issue or incident arousing widespread controversy, outside campaigning, and heated public debate.[3] The term continues in the media in all senses. It is sometimes used positively for celebrated legal cases for their precedent value (each locus classicus or "case-in-point") and more often negatively for infamous ones, whether for scale, outrage, scandal or conspiracy theories.[4]

The term is a French phrase in common usage in English. Since it has been fully adopted into English and is included unitalicized in English dictionaries,[5][1][2] it is not normally italicized despite its French origin.

In French, cause means, here, a legal case, and célèbre means "famous". The phrase originated with the 37-volume Nouvelles Causes Célèbres, published in 1763, which was a collection of reports of well-known French court decisions from the 17th and 18th centuries.

While English speakers had used the phrase for many years, it came into much more common usage after the 1894 conviction of Alfred Dreyfus for espionage during the cementing of a period of deep cultural ties with a political tie between England and France, the Entente Cordiale. Both attracted worldwide interest and the period of closeness or rapprochement officially broadened the English language.

It has been noted that the public attention given to a particular case or event can obscure the facts rather than clarify them. As one observer states, "The true story of many a cause célèbre is never made manifest in the evidence given or in the advocates' orations, but might be recovered from these old papers when the dust of ages has rendered them immune from scandal".[6]

Notable examples

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  • The Douglas Cause, Great Britain, 1760s
  • Ireland Shakespeare forgeries, Great Britain, 1790s
  • The Mortara case, Papal States, 1850s and 1860s[7]
  • Tichborne case, 1860s and 1870s
  • Vera Zasulich trial, Russia, 1878[8]{{Page needed|date=December 2016}}
  • R v Dudley and Stephens cannibalism case, United Kingdom, 1884
  • The murder trial of Lizzie Borden, United States, 1893.
  • The libel trial of Oscar Wilde, 1895.
  • The Dreyfus affair, France, 1890s and 1900s[9]
  • The Brown Dog affair, United Kingdom, 1900s
  • The Beilis case, Russian Empire, 1913[10]
  • Sacco and Vanzetti appeals, United States, 1920s
  • The Scopes Monkey Trial, United States, 1925
  • Bhawal case, India, 1946[11][12]Srimati Bibhabati Devi v Kumar Ramenda Narayan Roy and others (Fort William (Bengal)) (1946) UKPC 32 (30 July 1946)[13]
  • Derek Bentley case, 1953
  • The Petrov Affair, Australia, 1954
  • The shooting of William Woodward Jr., United States, 1955
  • The disappearance of Lord Lucan, United Kingdom, 1974
  • Ted Bundy's impending trial in Aspen, 1977[14]
  • The trials of Claus von Bülow, United States, 1982–1985
  • Rodney King beating, United States, 1991[15]
  • O. J. Simpson murder case, United States, 1994–1995[16]
  • Murder of Stephen Lawrence, London
  • Amanda Knox trials, Italy, 2009–2015[17]
  • Sergei Magnitsky's death, Russia, 2009[18]
  • Julian Assange extradition, United Kingdom, 2011[19]
  • Pussy Riot trial, Russia, 2012[20]
  • Delhi gang rape, India, 2012[21][22]

See also

  • Lists of landmark court decisions
  • List of French expressions in English
  • Media circus
  • Missing white woman syndrome

References

1. ^1 Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014. S.v. "cause célèbre." Retrieved November 30 2018 from https://www.thefreedictionary.com/cause+c%c3%a9l%c3%a8bre
2. ^1 Random House Kernerman Webster’s College Dictionary. S.v. "cause célèbre." Retrieved November 30 2018 from https://www.thefreedictionary.com/cause+c%c3%a9l%c3%a8bre
3. ^{{cite encyclopedia |entry=cause célèbre |dictionary=The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy |edition=3rd |editor1-first=E.D., Jr. |editor1-last=Hirsch |editor2-first=Joseph F. |editor2-last=Kett |editor3-first=James |editor3-last=Trefil |date=2002 |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Company |via=Bartleby.com |url=http://www.bartleby.com/59/4/causecelebre.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921150757/http://www.bartleby.com/59/4/causecelebre.html |archive-date=September 21, 2008 }}
4. ^{{cite encyclopedia |entry=cause célèbre |dictionary=The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language |edition=4th |date=2000 |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Company |via=Bartleby.com |url=http://www.bartleby.com/61/31/C0173100.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080803114311/http://www.bartleby.com/61/31/C0173100.html |archive-date=August 3, 2008 }}
5. ^American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. S.v. "cause célèbre." Retrieved November 30 2018 from https://www.thefreedictionary.com/cause+c%c3%a9l%c3%a8bre
6. ^John Humffreys Parry, "Whistler v. Ruskin: An Attorney's Story of a Famous Trial", in The Living Age (January-March 1921), Volume 308, p. 346.
7. ^{{cite book|title=The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara|last=Kertzer|first=David I|authorlink=David Kertzer|year=1998|origyear=1997|location=New York|publisher=Vintage Books|isbn=978-0-679-76817-3|pages=126–127}}
8. ^{{cite book |editor-first=Joseph |editor-last=Bristow |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bWRZAgAAQBAJ |title=Wilde Discoveries: Traditions, Histories, Archives |publisher=University of Toronto Press |isbn=978-1-4426-6570-5 |date=2013-05-28 |accessdate=2015-07-15 |via=Google Books }}
9. ^Edgar Sanderson, Historic Parallels to L'affaire Dreyfus (1900), p. 265: "The unique cause célèbre of the nineteenth century, L'Affaire Dreyfus, is conspicuous for every kind of wickedness that can be brought to bear against an innocent man".
10. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1RlmAQAAQBAJ |title=Blood Libel in Late Imperial Russia: The Ritual Murder Trial of Mendel Beilis |first=Robert |last=Weinberg |publisher=Indiana University Press |date=2013 |series=Indiana-Michigan Series in Russian and East European Studies |isbn=978-0-253-01114-5 |accessdate=2015-07-15 |via=Google Books }}
11. ^{{Cite web|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bhawal_Case|title=Bhawal Case|last=Islam|first=Sirajul|date=|website=Banglapedia|publisher=Bangladesh Asiatic Society|access-date=}}
12. ^{{cite news|last1=CHAUDHURI.|first1=SUPRIYA|title=The man who would be king|url=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/lr/2002/10/06/stories/2002100600190300.htm|accessdate=23 January 2017|agency=The Hindu|publisher=The Hindu|date=6 October 2002}}
13. ^Murad Fyzee – A Prince, Poison and Two Funerals: The Bhowal Sanyasi Case, English Edition Publishers (2003), {{ISBN|81-87853-32-8}}
14. ^{{Cite book |title=The stranger beside me |last=Ann |first=Rule |date=2000 |publisher=Norton |isbn=0393050297 |edition=Updated twentieth anniversary |location=New York |oclc=44110374}}
15. ^{{cite web |first=Carol Bengle |last=Gilbert |date=May 1, 2012 |title=Rodney King: Before and After the Traffic Stop that Inflamed L.A. |website=Yahoo News |url=https://news.yahoo.com/rodney-king-traffic-stop-inflamed-l-162500101.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302015905/http://news.yahoo.com/rodney-king-traffic-stop-inflamed-l-162500101.html |archive-date=March 2, 2014 }}
16. ^{{cite book |first=Thomas |last=Sowell |title=The Quest for Cosmic Justice |date=June 30, 2001 |orig-year=1999 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |location=New York |oclc=898484807 |isbn=978-0-7432-1507-7 |chapter=The Quest for Cosmic Justice |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5eU2KN9ChnEC&pg=PA19 |page=19 |quote=A more recent cause célèbre of the American criminal justice system was the murder trial of former football star O.J. Simpson, which provoked widespread consternation, not only because of its “not guilty” verdict in the face of massive evidence to the contrary, but also because of the sheer length of time that the trial took. }}
17. ^{{cite web|last1=Barry|first1=Colleen|date=September 30, 2013|title=New Amanda Knox trial under way in Florence|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2013/09/30/new-amanda-knox-trial-under-way-in-florence/2894425/|website=USA Today|accessdate=9 July 2014}}
18. ^{{cite news | title= Dying in Agony: His Reward for Solving a $230 Million Fraud | author= | url= | newspaper= The Sunday Times | date=November 14, 2010 }}
19. ^{{cite web |first1=Jeff |last1=Sparrow |first2=Elizabeth |last2=O'Shea |date=December 7, 2010 |url=http://www.abc.net.au/unleashed/41914.html |title=Open letter: To Julia Gillard, re Julian Assange |website=ABC News |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |accessdate=2015-07-15}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.spiked-online.com/newsite/article/how_to_become_a_cause_celebre_a_guide_for_political_prisoners/14460 |title=How to become a cause célèbre: a guide for political prisoners |first=Brendan |last=O'Neill |website=spiked |publisher=spiked Ltd |date=2013-12-24 |accessdate=2015-07-15}}
21. ^{{cite web|last1=Harikrishnan |first1=Charmy |title=India's Daughter: Why we should watch Leslee Udwin's documentary|url=http://www.dailyo.in/politics/leslee-udwin-indias-daughter-nirbhaya-december-16-2012-delhi-gang-rape/story/1/2379.html|website=Daily O |publisher=India Today Group |date=2015-03-04|accessdate=2016-11-04}}
22. ^{{cite web|last1=Gibb |first1=Simon |title=The Delhi Gang Rape Incident|url=http://libertarianhome.co.uk/2012/12/the-delhi-gang-rape/|website=Libertarian Home |date=2012-12-30|accessdate=2016-11-04}}

External links

  • {{Wiktionary-inline|cause célèbre}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cause celebre}}

2 : Public opinion|Trials
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