“Edmonton Light Rail Transit”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Edmonton Light Rail Transit, commonly referred to as the LRT, is a light rail system in Edmonton, Alberta. Part of the Edmonton Transit Service (ETS), the system has 18 stations on two lines and {{convert|24.3|km|mi|1|abbr=on}} of track. As of 2016, it is one of the busiest light rail transit systems in North America, with over 112,000 daily weekday riders, and has been growing steadily in recent years.

ETS started operation of the original LRT line in 1978, expanded by 2010 into the Capital Line, running between Clareview in Edmonton's northeast and Century Park in Edmonton's south end.^[4] The first phase of the newer Metro Line started service between the University of Alberta campus and hospital in Edmonton's southcentral and the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology northwest of downtown Edmonton in 2015, with further expansion to north Edmonton and neighbouring city of St. Albert planned into the future.^[1] The first phase of the {{convert|27|km|mi}} Valley Line, from downtown Edmonton to Mill Woods in southeast Edmonton, began construction in spring 2016, with future plans to extend into west Edmonton.^[5]^[6]

History

In 1962, Canadian Bechtel Ltd. was commissioned to develop a plan for Edmonton's rapid transit system. Construction began in 1974 with a budget of $65 million.^[7] Edmonton became the first city in North America with a metropolitan population of less than one million to build a modern light rail system.^[8] The population was just over 445,000 when construction started on the route in 1974.^[9] It also became the first city in Western Canada to operate a rapid transit system. Testing of the new line started in 1977 with regular service starting April 22, 1978, in time for the 1978 Commonwealth Games. The line followed a CN right-of-way from Belvedere Station to Stadium Station (near Commonwealth Stadium), via an intermediate stop at Coliseum Station (near Northlands Coliseum), and then continued in a tunnel under 99 Street to Central Station, at Jasper Avenue and 100 Street, including an intermediate stop at Churchill Station. The original line was 6.9 km long.^[12]

Planning influences included the rail systems of Toronto (for dimensions), Montreal (underground environment), Cleveland (reuse of existing rail right of way), as well as Netherlands and Germany (feeder bus routes with timed-transfers, and choice of rolling stock). Operating practices were influenced by the MBTA Green Line, British trams, and the Canadian National Railway.^[10]

When the line opened, fare collection was modelled on traditional rapid transit lines, with booth attendants. Low volumes of activity at some entrances led to weekend closures of alternate station entrances. In November 1980, Edmonton Transit (as it was then named) switched to a modified European-style "proof of payment" system, retaining the old turnstiles to issue the new receipts.^[11] Fares were now collected by automated ticket vending machines with irregular proof of payment inspectors, which permitted keeping all entrances open and required fewer staff.

On April 26, 1981, ETS opened a northeastern-bound extension of 2.2 km on the CN right-of-way to Clareview Station. In June 1983, the light rail tunnel downtown was extended by 0.8 km to Bay and Corona stations. The D.L. MacDonald Yard, between Belvedere and Clareview, opened in December 1983 to store and service the vehicles. The line was extended in September 1989 by 0.8 km to Grandin Station (close to the Alberta Legislature). On August 23, 1992, the next extension opened from Grandin to University Station, partially via the Dudley B. Menzies Bridge, crossing the North Saskatchewan River with a lower level for pedestrians and cyclists, and partially via a tunnel into the station. Major upgrades to the Belvedere and Clareview stations were made in 1998 and 2001 respectively.^[12]

On January 1, 2006, the line was extended 0.6 km south through the University Campus to Health Sciences Station, which is located at street level. On April 25, 2009, McKernan/Belgravia and South Campus stations were opened as part of the south LRT expansion, with Southgate and Century Park opening on April 24, 2010. The first of the new Siemens SD-160 light rail vehicle train cars for the new extension were shipped by rail from Florin, California, on April 24, 2008, arriving in Edmonton on May 9, 2008 (37 vehicles in total).^[13]

The LRT expansion was developed entirely at surface level with several underpasses after 2006, one at Belgravia Road and the other under 111 Street south of 61 Avenue. A short busway has been constructed from the South Campus station^[14] roughly parallel to Belgravia Road in conjunction with the South LRT expansion.

Every station on the line built since 1983 has been built with full accessibility for persons with disabilities. The 1998 and 2001 upgrades to the Belvedere and Clareview stations involved installation of roofs and lengthening of platforms to accommodate five-car trains.^[12]

The LRT system had an estimated 18,220 weekday passenger boardings in 1978.^[12] Six stations and 24 years after the University extensions, boardings more than doubled to 39,550 in 2002.^[12] The LRT system continues to expand, and operated with 18 stations, {{convert|24.3|km|mi|1|abbr=on}} of double track and ridership of 112,805 average weekday boardings in 2017.^[2] Extensions of the LRT system has resulted in significant increases in ridership; ridership increased nearly 78% in the first full year of the South Campus and Century Park extensions (2011 versus 2008), and increased 15% in the first full year of the NAIT extension (2016 versus 2014).^[16]

Network

The system has two lines. The Capital Line, runs from northeast Edmonton to south Edmonton via Downtown. A second line, the Metro Line, connecting Downtown with northwest Edmonton, began limited operations in September 2015. There are further projects to create a new 27-kilometre line that will extend to Mill Woods Town Centre in the southeast part of the city and to Lewis Farms in the west end of the city.

During construction, surface area was preserved (although costs increased) by tunnelling under the downtown core and the University of Alberta main campus. The underground portions of the LRT connect to the Edmonton Pedway system with links to many buildings. The LRT crosses the North Saskatchewan River between the Grandin and University stations on the Dudley B. Menzies Bridge,^[17] a dedicated LRT and pedestrian bridge.

Storage, maintenance and operations of the LRT are controlled from the D.L. MacDonald Yard.

The LRT operates approximately between 5:00 a.m. and 1:00 a.m. daily. During peak-times, trains departing Clareview to Downtown run approximately every five to ten minutes, and run every 15 minutes during off-peak hours. Trains from Century Park to Downtown run on a five-minute frequency during peak-times and run every five to ten minutes during off-peak times. After 10 p.m. trains run every 15 minutes. Before the opening of the Metro Line, the city held a naming contest, to determine the names of the five current and future LRT lines.^[18] On January 31, 2013, the city announced the names: Capital Line, Metro Line, Valley Line, Energy Line, and Festival Line.^[19]^[20]

Stations

The Capital Line has 15 stations: Clareview, Belvedere, Coliseum, Stadium, Churchill, Central, Bay/Enterprise Square, Corona, Grandin/Government Centre, University, Health Sciences/Jubilee, McKernan/Belgravia, South Campus/Fort Edmonton Park, Southgate, and Century Park stations. Of these, Churchill, Central, Bay/Enterprise Square, Corona, Grandin/Government Centre, and University are underground. Three newest stations opened in September 2015 for the Metro Line: MacEwan, Kingsway/Royal Alex, and NAIT.

Another 12 stations will be built for the first phase of the Valley Line, which is planned to be opened in 2020.^[21]

Rolling stock

The rolling stock of the Capital Line is composed of trains of either Siemens-Duewag U2 or Siemens SD-160 cars. ETS operates 37 U2 cars, some of which have been in operation since the system opened in 1978. ETS also operates 57 SD-160 cars, of which 37 were ordered between 2005 and 2007, with the first cars entering revenue service on January 27, 2009.^[22] An additional 20 cars were purchased in 2010 and 2011 for use in the Metro Line and were delivered from March 2012 to April 2013.^[23]^[24]^[25]

The Capital Line uses five-car trains during peak hours, and three-car trains are occasionally used for late night service. The Metro Line will operate three-car trains until the permanent NAIT station is opened, as the temporary NAIT station can only accommodate three-car trains. The permanent station will be 125 metres long to accommodate a five-car train. All other extensions to the Capital and Metro lines will have five-car platforms.^[26]

Future lines of the LRT, including the Valley Line (currently under construction) will use new low-floor Bombardier Flexity Freedom vehicles.^[27]

Safety and security

All LRT stations are monitored by CCTV cameras. All trains are equipped with operator alert systems which will allow passengers to contact the train operator in the event of an emergency. Likewise, all stations are equipped with blue emergency help phones which will connect with ETS Security. The stations are patrolled by Transit Peace Officers.^[28]

Despite the security measures put in place, there have been several incidents on the Edmonton LRT or at the LRT stations. In 2008, there were 328 crimes against persons reported on transport property.^[29]

Fares

The cash fare for passengers using Edmonton Transit Service buses and the LRT, since 1 February 2018, is $3.25 for adults, seniors and youth. Children below 6 ride free with fare-paying rider; limit is 3.^[32]

Passengers can also purchase books of transit tickets or monthly transit passes. Seniors can purchase an annual transit pass at a discounted rate.

Passengers paying a cash fare at a fare machine at an LRT station are issued a transit ticket, which is validated as an LRT ticket after being time-stamped. This ticket is valid both as proof of payment and as a transfer. Transfers allow the passenger to transfer from the LRT to a bus, from a bus to the LRT and between buses, and is valid for 90 minutes from the time it was stamped. Passengers paying a cash fare or validating a ticket on a bus obtain a transfer at the time the fare is paid. Transfers also serve as proof of payment for 90 minutes.^[33]

Passengers in an LRT proof of payment area must present proof of payment upon request by a Transit Peace Officer. Proof of payment includes LRT tickets, transfers, validated transit tickets and transit passes. Failure to provide proof of payment can result in a $250 fine. Proof of payment areas include all LRT trains and LRT station platforms, unless the ticket vending machines are located on the platform itself.

In 2007, Edmonton Transit Service, the University of Alberta (U of A), and MacEwan University partnered to provide students with a universal transit pass (U-Pass), which is valid on the LRT and all ETS buses as well as on Strathcona County and St. Albert Transit Systems.^[34]^[35] NAIT students voted to join the program in 2010.^[36] The U-Pass allows unlimited LRT and bus use to valid pass holders.

Future expansion

The City of Edmonton prioritized completion of the Metro Line to NAIT for 2014, followed by expanding the system to the southeast and west.^[37] City council approved funding to begin preliminary engineering on the Valley Line from Mill Woods to Lewis Farms in June 2011.^[38]

1. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/ets/future_transit/downtown-to-nait-lrt-study.aspx |title=Metro Line (North LRT to NAIT) |date=September 7, 2015 |accessdate=September 8, 2015 |publisher=City of Edmonton |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907040515/http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/ets/future_transit/downtown-to-nait-lrt-study.aspx |archivedate=September 7, 2015 |df= }}
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3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mobility.siemens.com/shared/data/pdf/sts_usa_internet/edmonton_sd160.pdf |title=Edmonton Datasheet - SD160 Light Rail Vehicle |publisher=Siemens |accessdate=March 9, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101026082217/http://www.mobility.siemens.com/shared/data/pdf/sts_usa_internet/edmonton_sd160.pdf |archivedate=October 26, 2010}}
4. ^¹²³⁴{{cite web | url = http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/PDF/LRT_for_Everyone.pdf | title = The Way We Move LRT for Everyone | publisher = Edmonton Transit Service and City of Edmonton | format = pdf | pages = 4–5 | accessdate = 2015-09-08 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150910224155/http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/PDF/LRT_for_Everyone.pdf | archivedate = 2015-09-10 | df = }}
5. ^{{cite web |url=https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/edmonton-completes-contract-with-consortium-building-valley-line-lrt |title='There's no hidden surprises,' city says, as it signs contract for Edmonton Valley Line LRT |author=Kent, Gordon |date=February 11, 2016 |work=Edmonton Journal |publisher=Postmedia Network |accessdate=February 13, 2016}}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bechtel.com/newsroom/releases/2016/02/awarded-edmonton-valley-line-light-rail-canada/ |title=Bechtel Team Awarded Edmonton Valley Line Light Rail Project in Canada |date=February 11, 2016 |publisher=Bechtel |accessdate=February 13, 2016}}
7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/ets/about_ets/ets-history-statistics.aspx |title=History of ETS |date=June 2016 |website=City of Edmonton |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601142233/http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/ets/about_ets/ets-history-statistics.aspx |archive-date=June 1, 2013 |accessdate=July 11, 2013}}
8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.edmonton.ca/transit/whats_new/LRT_Brochure_2004.pdf |title=LRT Brochure |date=November 15, 2004 |format=PDF |accessdate=December 2, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070104201709/http://www.edmonton.ca/transit/whats_new/LRT_Brochure_2004.pdf |archivedate=January 4, 2007}}
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10. ^https://pedestrianobservations.com/2018/07/03/why-are-canadian-construction-costs-so-high/
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46. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/22243_NLRT-news-Fall09_Final.pdf |title=North LRT Making Tracks Fall 2009 |date=October 2009 |publisher=City of Edmonton |accessdate=2009-12-23}}{{dead link|date=November 2012}}
47. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.leduc-county.com/PDF/Leduc2060/RecommendedGrowth.pdf |title=Section Five |author=Leduc County Growth Study |date=October 2008 |work=Recommended Growth Strategy |publisher=Leduc County |accessdate=January 14, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713195208/http://www.leduc-county.com/PDF/Leduc2060/RecommendedGrowth.pdf |archivedate=July 13, 2011}}
48. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.seemagazine.com/article/best-of-edmonton-2009-results/best-edmonton-winners/lrt0521/ |title=Lovin' The LRT |author=Mackenzie Sinclair |date=May 21, 2009 |publisher=See Magazine |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110526005136/http://www.seemagazine.com/article/best-of-edmonton-2009-results/best-edmonton-winners/lrt0521/ |archivedate=May 26, 2011}}
49. ^{{cite news|last1=Tumilty|first1=Ryan|title=NAIT LRT Line comes in $90 million under budget, money could be moved to south east|url=http://metronews.ca/news/edmonton/1000332/nait-lrt-line-comes-in-90-million-under-budget-money-could-be-moved-to-south-east/|accessdate=23 April 2015|work=Metro News|date=April 10, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150503212801/http://metronews.ca/news/edmonton/1000332/nait-lrt-line-comes-in-90-million-under-budget-money-could-be-moved-to-south-east/|archivedate=3 May 2015}}
50. ^¹{{cite web|title=St. Alberta LRT|url=http://www.stalbert.ca/uploads/files/transit/LRT%20PowerPoint.pdf|publisher=City of St. Albert|accessdate=September 10, 2013|date=February 23, 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130520040704/http://www.stalbert.ca/uploads/files/transit/LRT%20PowerPoint.pdf|archivedate=May 20, 2013|df=}}
51. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.edmontonsun.com/news/edmonton/2010/05/19/14009141.html |title=City announces planned LRT route to St. Albert |author=Ho, Clara |date=May 19, 2010 |publisher=Edmonton Sun |accessdate=October 20, 2010}}
52. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/ets/future_transit/southeast-to-west-lrt-mill-woods-to-lewis-farms.aspx |title=Valley Line (SE to West LRT): Mill Woods to Lewis Farms |publisher=Edmonton Transit Service |date=2015 |accessdate=2015-06-16 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150515191330/http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/ets/future_transit/southeast-to-west-lrt-mill-woods-to-lewis-farms.aspx |archivedate=2015-05-15 |df= }}
53. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QTCDue8Lf0g |title=Valley Line LRT Animation |publisher=City of Edmonton |date=2013-12-03 |accessdate=2015-06-16}}
54. ^{{cite web|title=Southeast LRT (Valley Line) Names Approved |url=http://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/urban_planning_and_design/naming-committee-process.aspx |publisher=City of Edmonton Naming Committee |accessdate=November 14, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114021032/http://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/urban_planning_and_design/naming-committee-process.aspx |archivedate=November 14, 2013 |df= }}
55. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/RoadsTraffic/Approved-Concept-Plan-Amendment.pdf |title=Southeast to West LRT - Approved Concept Plan Amendment |publisher=City of Edmonton |accessdate=November 19, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130904015501/http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/RoadsTraffic/Approved-Concept-Plan-Amendment.pdf |archivedate=September 4, 2013 |df= }}
56. ^{{cite web|title=Operations and Maintenance Facility|url=http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/RoadsTraffic/Operations_Maintenance_Facility.pdf|publisher=City of Edmonton|accessdate=August 28, 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326002038/http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/RoadsTraffic/Operations_Maintenance_Facility.pdf|archivedate=March 26, 2014|df=}}
57. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/ets/lrt_projects/southeast-to-west-lrt-mill-woods-to-lewis-farms.aspx |title=Southeast to West LRT: Mill Woods to Lewis Farms |publisher=City of Edmonton |accessdate=May 27, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508213803/http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/ets/lrt_projects/southeast-to-west-lrt-mill-woods-to-lewis-farms.aspx |archivedate=May 8, 2012 |df= }}
58. ^{{cite web|last=Dykstra|first=Matt|title=Federal government projects a $3.7 billion budget surplus which could help Edmonton LRT line|url=http://www.edmontonsun.com/2013/11/12/federal-government-projects-a-37-billion-budget-surplus-which-could-help-edmonton-lrt-line|publisher=Edmonton Sun|accessdate=November 14, 2013|date=November 13, 2013}}
59. ^{{cite web|last=Tumilty|first=Ryan|title=Southeast LRT funding includes $200 million interest-free provincial loan|url=http://metronews.ca/news/edmonton/968297/new-funding-for-southeast-lrt-line-announced-by-province/|publisher=Metro News|accessdate=March 12, 2014|date=March 11, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150123093413/http://metronews.ca/news/edmonton/968297/new-funding-for-southeast-lrt-line-announced-by-province/|archivedate=23 January 2015}}
60. ^{{cite web|last=Kent|first=Gordon|title=Southeast LRT on track after province promises to fill $600 million funding gap (with video)|url=https://edmontonjournal.com/Southeast+track+after+province+promises+fill+million+funding+with+video/9604838/story.html|publisher=Edmonton Journal|accessdate=March 12, 2014|date=March 11, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140418041619/http://www.edmontonjournal.com/Southeast+track+after+province+promises+fill+million+funding+with+video/9604838/story.html|archive-date=2014-04-18|dead-url=yes|df=}}
61. ^{{cite web|last=Simons|first=Paula|title=Cash for Valley Line is fine, but transit funding must be consistent|url=https://edmontonjournal.com/Simons+Cash+Valley+Line+fine+transit+funding+must+consistent/9879523/story.html|publisher=Edmonton Journal|accessdate=May 27, 2014|date=May 26, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140620144833/http://www.edmontonjournal.com/Simons+Cash+Valley+Line+fine+transit+funding+must+consistent/9879523/story.html|archive-date=2014-06-20|dead-url=yes|df=}}
62. ^{{cite web|last=Dykstra|first=Matthew|title=Edmonton gets a final piece of funding for southeast portio of Valley LRT line|url=http://www.edmontonsun.com/2014/05/26/edmonton-gets-final-piece-of-funding-for-valley-lrt-line-18-bilion-from-feds|publisher=Edmonton Sun|accessdate=May 27, 2014|date=May 26, 2014}}
63. ^{{cite web |url=https://edmontonjournal.com/news/Edmonton+unveils+west+south+plans/1959656/story.html |title=Edmonton unveils west and south LRT plans |author=Kent, Gordon |date=September 3, 2009 |accessdate=December 2, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091107125654/http://www.edmontonjournal.com/news/Edmonton+unveils+west+south+plans/1959656/story.html |archivedate=November 7, 2009 }}
64. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/news/city-proposes-southeast-and-we.aspx |title=City Proposes Southeast and West LRT Routes |date=September 3, 2009 |accessdate=December 2, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616140331/http://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/news/city-proposes-southeast-and-we.aspx |archivedate=June 16, 2011 }}
65. ^{{Cite news|url=https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/province-commits-1-04-billion-to-edmontons-west-valley-line-lrt-expansion|title=Alberta commits $1.04 billion to Edmonton's west Valley Line LRT expansion|last=Clancy|first=Clare|date=November 1, 2018|work=Edmonton Journal|access-date=November 2, 2018}}
66. ^{{cite web |url=http://ca.news.yahoo.com/edmonton-approves-chinatown-route-lrt-174129976.html |title=Edmonton approves Chinatown route for LRT |date=2012-02-15 |publisher=Cbcnews.ca |accessdate=2012-02-15}}
67. ^{{cite news |url=http://globalnews.ca/news/1353086/city-prepares-for-major-changes-to-popular-river-valley-trails-footbridge/ |title=City prepares for major changes to popular River Valley trails, footbridge |last=Ramsay |first=Caley |date=May 25, 2014 |website=Global News |accessdate=May 11, 2016}}
68. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/group-wants-river-valley-protected-against-lrt-development-1.3549521 |title=Group wants river valley protected against LRT development |last=Hampshire |first=Gareth |date=April 22, 2016 |website=CBC News |accessdate=May 11, 2016}}
69. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/news/local/story.html?id=f787cf49-bce1-40bd-9ae2-ad66c5fc4c7d&k=78617&p=1 |title=West LRT opposition heats up |date=2008-04-12 |publisher=Edmonton Journal |accessdate=2010-04-24 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710043114/http://www2.canada.com/edmontonjournal/news/local/story.html?id=f787cf49-bce1-40bd-9ae2-ad66c5fc4c7d&k=78617&p=1 |archivedate=2009-07-10 |df= }}
70. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/news/story.html?id=d42cb27b-d052-42e6-bacd-44588d931638 |title=Mandel slams city staff over LRT route |date=2008-04-30 |publisher=Edmonton Journal |accessdate=2010-04-24 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710043119/http://www2.canada.com/edmontonjournal/news/story.html?id=d42cb27b-d052-42e6-bacd-44588d931638 |archivedate=2009-07-10 |df= }}
71. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/story.html?id=51554acd-d6e3-4e81-b56d-b76d1da0067f |title=Residents fume over LRT's 'path of destruction' |date=2008-05-15 |publisher=Edmonton Journal |accessdate=2010-04-24 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511184205/http://www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/story.html?id=51554acd-d6e3-4e81-b56d-b76d1da0067f |archivedate=2011-05-11 |df= }}
72. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.seemagazine.com/article/news/comment/no-no-no-lrt-needs-go-here/ |title=No, No, No: The LRT Needs To Go Here! |author=Jordan Schroder |date=June 26, 2008 |publisher=See Magazine |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110526004807/http://www.seemagazine.com/article/news/comment/no-no-no-lrt-needs-go-here/ |archivedate=May 26, 2011 }}
73. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/features/yourturn/story.html?id=2d69fdff-8719-471a-8428-d760ac2ef065 |title=Sparks fly as councillors delay LRT hearing |date=2009-05-06 |publisher=Edmonton Journal |accessdate=2010-04-24 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710044838/http://www2.canada.com/edmontonjournal/features/yourturn/story.html?id=2d69fdff-8719-471a-8428-d760ac2ef065 |archivedate=2009-07-10 |df= }}
74. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.metronews.ca/news/edmonton/2015/12/15/edmonton-s-metro-line-still-a-troubled-machine.html |title=Edmonton's Metro Line LRT still a troubled machine: Report |last=Querengesser |first=Tim |date=December 15, 2015 |website=Metro News Edmonton |accessdate=May 11, 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313110721/http://www.metronews.ca/news/edmonton/2015/12/15/edmonton-s-metro-line-still-a-troubled-machine.html |archivedate=13 March 2018}}
75. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.edmontonsun.com/2017/02/19/step-on-it-metro-line-finally-starts-operating-at-full-speed |title=Step on it: Metro Line finally starts operating at full speed |last=Theobald |first=Claire |date=February 19, 2017 |website=Edmonton Sun |accessdate=February 24, 2017}}
76. ^¹²³⁴{{cite web|url=http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/PDF/MetroLineDelayFAQ_05042015.docx.pdf |title=Metro Line: Delay FAQ |date={{date|2015-05-04}} |publisher=City of Edmonton |quote=The City is replacing this traditional fixed block system with a modern CBTC (moving block) system |format=pdf |accessdate=2015-06-27 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630104005/http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/PDF/MetroLineDelayFAQ_05042015.docx.pdf |archivedate=June 30, 2015 |df= }}

Capital Line expansion

Future plans call for expanding the Capital Line to Gorman in the northeast and Heritage Valley in the south.

Metro Line expansion

On April 27, 2007, the city began detailed planning of a new LRT line that will run north from Churchill Station, to the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology (NAIT), and eventually beyond to north-end neighbourhoods with a terminal station south of St. Albert.

Churchill Station to NAIT

The new line branches off the Capital Line at Churchill Station, runs west along 105 Avenue to the MacEwan University City Centre Campus, then north along 105 Street, Kingsway (Avenue), and 106 Street, to Kingsway Mall and NAIT.

In April 2008, Edmonton City Council approved $45 million in funding to build a tunnel under the Epcor Tower site immediately, while it was still under construction, with the aim of saving $140 million more than would have been required to dig under the tower once it was completed. This step was taken even though the rest of the project had not yet been approved, because of the time constraint posed by the construction of the new tower.^[42] Construction on the tunnel began in August 2009 and was completed by approximately September 2010.^[43]

On July 2, 2009, the federal and provincial governments approved the reallocation of funding from the proposed Gorman Station to the line as the city felt that NAIT was a higher priority.^[44]

The expansion added three stations to the system; MacEwan station at MacEwan University, Kingsway/Royal Alex station near Kingsway Mall and the Royal Alexandra Hospital, and NAIT station at the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology. MacEwan Station is located just east of the downtown MacEwan University campus, and west of the proposed downtown hockey arena, at 104 Street and 105 Avenue. The Kingsway/Royal Alex Station is located on the north side of Kingsway, to the south of the hospital. As part of the plan, the Kingsway Transit Centre was relocated to the southeast corner of 111 Avenue and 106 Street, to provide service to both Kingsway Mall and the LRT station.^[45] The NAIT Station is located north of Princess Elizabeth Avenue, on the south side of NAIT's swimming pool and hockey arena.^[43]^[46]^[47]^[48]

The Metro Line was $90 million under its estimated $755 million budget, with a total cost for the project of $665 million.^[49]

NAIT to St. Albert

Beyond NAIT, the Metro Line will travel through the new neighbourhood built after the City Centre (Blatchford Field) Airport is dismantled, go over the CN railway yard north of Yellowhead Trail, and continue north along 113A Street, and west along 153 Avenue. The City of St. Albert has also begun preliminary plans to extend the LRT line into their borders.^[50]

On May 19, 2010, the transportation department announced its recommendation for an extension of the Metro Line from NAIT station to St. Albert. This extension is expected to eventually serve 42,000 to 45,000 passengers daily.^[51]

Valley Line

The Valley Line is a proposed {{convert|27|km|abbr=on}}, low-floor urban line running southeast to west from Mill Woods to Lewis Farms, crossing through downtown. The line will be constructed in phases, with phase 1 being the {{convert|13.1|km|abbr=on}}, 12-station portion between Mill Woods and 102 Street (downtown) allowing passengers to connect with the Capital Line and Metro Line at Churchill. Construction started in 2016 with completion in 2020.^[52]^[53]

Mill Woods to Downtown

In December 2009, Edmonton city council approved a new low-floor train route that would leave a new ground-level station at Churchill Square on 102 Avenue between 100 and 99 streets before stopping in The Quarters redevelopment on 102 Avenue between 97 street and 96 street. From here the route enters a tunnel and travels beneath 95 street descending into the river valley to cross the North Saskatchewan River on the new Tawatinâ Bridge,^[54] which will be constructed east of Louise McKinney Park. The route then proceeds to climb the hill adjacent to Connors Road then proceed east along 95 Avenue and southbound at 85 Street. The route will travel southbound along 85 Street crossing the traffic circle and shifting to 83 Street, continuing south and east towards Wagner Road. Finally the line will proceed south along 75/66 Street until it reaches Mill Woods Town Centre. Within this line the proposed stations are: Quarters, Muttart, Strathearn, Holyrood, Bonnie Doon, Avonmore, Davies (to include a bus terminal and park & ride),^[55] Millbourne/Woodvale, Grey Nuns, and Mill Woods Town Centre. The maintenance and storage of vehicles for the line will be at the new Gerry Wright Operations and Maintenance Facility, at Whitemud Drive and 75 Street.^[56]

On February 15, 2012, city council approved the Downtown LRT concept plan. The Downtown LRT Project became part of the Southeast to West LRT project.^[57] The city hoped to have money in place by the end of 2013 for the $1.8-billion LRT line from downtown to Mill Woods to start construction in 2016. City council committed $800 million, the federal government invested $250 million, and $235 million would come from the provincial government, leaving a $515 million funding gap delaying the project.^[58] On March 11, 2014, it was announced that the project would be completely funded^[59]^[60] with an additional $150 million from the federal government and $365 million from the provincial government.^[61]^[62]

Downtown to Lewis Farms

A planned expansion to Lewis Farms, with the West Edmonton Mall en route, is in the engineering phase as part of the 27-kilometre Valley Line.

The option approved by Council in 2010 was to have the west LRT extension run from downtown, along 104 Avenue and Stony Plain Road before diverting south on 156 Street towards Meadowlark Health And Shopping Centre, then along an 87 Avenue alignment to West Edmonton Mall and beyond. Proponents of this route cited opportunities for transit-oriented development.^[63]^[64]

On November 1, 2018, the Government of Alberta announced a contribution of $1.04 billion towards the second phase of the Valley Line, extending it west to Lewis Farms with an estimated completion date of 2027-28.^[65]

Controversy

The Valley LRT to Mill Woods generated opponents particularly on the location of the route. The Edmonton Chinese community opposed the city's plan to lay the tracks on 102 Avenue as it is directly in front of a Chinese elderly care facility. Despite demands to relocate the route to 102a Avenue, the city council voted for the original proposal.^[66] Another group opposed the route saying that the new LRT bridge crossing the North Saskatchewan River will have a negative impact on the river valley and the removal of the existing footbridge during construction (to be replaced by pedestrian space on the LRT bridge) would temporarily displace an existing river crossing. The city states that impact is minimal, no other alternative routes were suitable, and has proceeded with construction.^[67]^[68]

Concerns in 2008 and 2009 over community impacts^[69] along the proposed west leg of the Valley Line^[70] and north leg of the Metro Line^[71] led to a larger debate over the vision guiding the various expansion plans, and the criteria used to select the routes.^[72]^[73]

The adoption of a new signalling system (see below) for the Metro Line pushed back the start date from April 2014 to September 2015, when the line finally began operation at a frequency of 15 minutes, rather than 5. Trains only ran at a maximum of {{convert|25|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} between the Churchill and NAIT stations, creating passenger delays and traffic congestion.^[74] An independent safety auditor cleared trains to run at their full {{convert|50|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} as of February 19, 2017.^[75]

Signalling system

The Metro Line uses Communications-based train control (CBTC) or moving block while the Capital Line uses fixed block signalling. The new Metro Line was built to use only CBTC.^[95]

Both types of signalling system controls train traffic to keep it safely spaced and on schedule, shares train location information publicly (e.g., digital and audio announcements at LRT stations), and manages intersections by triggering traffic signals and crossing warning systems (warning bells, flashing lights and gates).^[95]

The older fixed block system divides the track into sections called blocks protected by signals that maintain at least one empty fixed block between trains. The new CBTC system instead maintains a fixed distance of empty space (a moving block) between trains. This allows trains to operate closer together, which increases the frequency of trains arriving at stations and increases an LRT system's overall capacity for ridership.^[95]

The CBTC uses computers on trains that report into a central controller to pinpoint the exact location of each train and constantly adjust the speed, spacing and routing of trains to keep trains safe and on schedule. It safely tightens up the spacing between trains so that Metro Line and Capital Line trains can share the same tracks between Health Sciences/Jubilee station and Churchill station. Edmonton Transit runs peak-time trains every 5 minutes through downtown, but this frequency could be increased to every 2.5 minutes when the Metro Line is fully operational.^[95]